Vibration analysis and pull-in instability behavior in a multiwalled piezoelectric nanosensor with fluid flow conveyance

• Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1072–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.92

• a modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) and Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity to investigate the size-dependent nonlinear pull-in instability [28]. A new size-dependent nonlinear model for the analysis of the behavior of carbon nanotube resonators was introduced by Farokhi et al. based on modified

• /interface effects, the pull-in voltage and critical fluid velocity reach zero later than the rest of the parameters. Fluid-conveying multiwalled piezoelectric nanosensor. (a) Illustration of van der Walls forces between two adjacent tubes of a multiple shell cross section of a multiwalled carbon nanotube

Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO₂ covered with gold nanoparticles

• Andrea Brognara,
• Ili F. Mohamad Ali Nasri,
• Beatrice R. Bricchi,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,
• Matteo Ghidelli and
• Nathalie Lidgi-Guigui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1026–1035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.87

• soaking in HAuCl4 solution, as composite SERS substrates for the detection of methylene blue. They reported a successful SERS enhancement, compared to bare Si substrates, with an enhancement factor of ca. 106 and a lower detection limit of 100 nM. Li et al. [15] studied Au NP-coated TiO2 nanotube arrays

Gas-sensing features of nanostructured tellurium thin films

• Dumitru Tsiulyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1010–1018, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.85

• nanotube-based sensors showed similar (or sometimes lower) numbers regarding sensitivity and response/recovery times in comparison to Te single-crystalline microtube-based gas sensors [7]. An increase in the gas-sensing performance was achieved by growing single-crystal Te-based nanotubes and nanowires via

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• than N-doped carbon sheets requiring 0.41 V vs RHE [58] and better performance than nitrogen-doped graphene/carbon nanotube hybrids requiring an overpotential of 0.4 V vs RHE at 10 mA/cm2 [59]. In comparison with the literature, CTF-1-600 and Ni/CTF-1-600-22 appear to be highly active OER

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• in h-BN [115]. Nanotubes and nanococoons Another class of 1D and 0D h-BN nanomaterials, such as nanotubes (BNNTs) and nanococoons, were found to exhibit SPE. BNNT can be associated with 2D h-BN hexagonal sheets rolled into a closed nanotube structure, making them a type of 1D material up to 200 µm

• , it can be considered a hybrid 1D and 2D material. In [116], commercially available BNNTs were fabricated using a catalyst-free high-temperature pressure method, and the laser heating method was studied in terms of SPEs. Non-treated BNNTs provided photostable SPEs down to the single nanotube, either

Effect of Ag loading position on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ nanocolumn arrays

• Jinghan Xu,
• Yanqi Liu and
• Yan Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 717–728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.59

• photolithography and the template method by Sung et al. [30]. In this case, Ag particles were loaded on the outside of the nanocolumns by magnetron sputtering, and the catalysis was carried out at a sputtering time of 30 min. Besides, Jani et al. [31] studied the preparation of TiO2 nanotube arrays by anodization

Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic performance of 0D/2D CuO/tourmaline composite photocatalysts

• Changqiang Yu,
• Min Wen,
• Zhen Tong,
• Shuhua Li,
• Yanhong Yin,
• Xianbin Liu,
• Yesheng Li,
• Tongxiang Liang,
• Ziping Wu and
• Dionysios D. Dionysiou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 407–416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.31

• construction of CuO-based heterostructures (e.g., 0D/2D CuO/TiO2, 0D/3D CuO/ZnO, 2D/2D CuO/Fe2O3, 0D/2D CuO/C3N4, 2D/0D CuO/Ag3PO4) [6][12][15][16][17] and the dispersion of CuO on supporting materials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotube) [7][18] are considered to be the most effective ways to address these

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• (Lambda 35, PerkinElmer, Germany) by scanning in the range of 300–900 nm at room temperature. Prior to the measurement, the baseline was recorded for a cuvette with pure solvent. The nanotube concentration was 1 mg/mL, and the pH was adjusted by adding HCl or NaOH. Fluorescence spectrophotometry

• grafted to BNNTs suggests that not all oligoperoxide macromolecules covalently bound and some remain electrostatically attached to the nanotube surface and are washed off during the functionalization procedure. It also suggests that P(AA-co-FA)-grafted brushes grow vertically from the surface of the BNNTs

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• correlated to the active sensing film/material used. Various nanomaterial-based gas sensors have been investigated to monitor the presence of aromatic VOCs. The ones mainly studied are based on metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, graphene and hybrid materials [5][6]. Carbon nanotube based gas sensors (e.g

• ., single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), graphene, graphene oxide (GO)) present a sensitive active layer exhibiting an electrical resistance change while in contact with the target gas due to interactions at the molecular level [7][8]. These interactions, depending whether

• openings efficiently [23][24]. In fact, in Figure 2a we see that CNTs with a higher number of Au nanoparticles were at the surface of the CNT mat while those showing fewer particles were deeper in the CNT film. Also, in Figure 2c, we can observe a nanotube that crosses the centre of the image where all of

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• carbon cloth–carbon nanotube@metal oxide (CC-CNT@MO) three-dimensional structures combine the high specific capacitance and rich redox sites of metal oxides with the large specific area and high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes. The prepared CC-CNT@Fe2O3 anode reaches a high capacity of 226

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• fillers, drug-delivery vehicles and tissue engineering scaffolds [27]. Halloysite nanotubes derived from various geological deposits differ in their mesoscopic structures [28], allowing to choose the clay nanotubes most suitable for a desired application. The positively charged nanotube lumen can be

Effects of surface charge and boundary slip on time-periodic pressure-driven flow and electrokinetic energy conversion in a nanotube

• Mandula Buren,
• Yongjun Jian,
• Yingchun Zhao,
• Long Chang and
• Quansheng Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1628–1635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.158

• Economics, Hohhot, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.158 Abstract Time-periodic pressure-driven slip flow and electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency in a nanotube are studied analytically. The slip length depends on the surface charge density. Electric potential, velocity and streaming electric field are

• energy conversion in a circular nanotube are studied. To our knowledge, so far no author discussed this problem for the case of a time-periodic flow. Firstly, using the separation of variables method, the energy conversion efficiency and the analytical solutions to the governing equations are obtained

• of a symmetric binary electrolyte in a circular nanotube with surface charge-dependent slip and with radius a using a cylindrical coordinate system (r, θ, z) where the z-axis is taken to coincide with the central axis of the nanotube, as shown in Figure 1. In the present study, the radius ranges from

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• that of those in ethanol and methanol was also related to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Besides, 2NCLG formed right-handed nanohelix both in DMF and THF, which is the same as in ethanol. The 4NCLG gelator formed nanotube structures both in DMF and THF, which is different from the nanohelix that

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

• Pei Wang,
• Katarzyna Kulp and
• Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

Magnetic segregation effect in liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

• Danil A. Petrov,
• Pavel K. Skokov,
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh and
• Dmitriy V. Makarov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1464–1474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.145

• show [28][32][33][34] that in nematic liquid crystal–carbon nanotube (NLC-CNT) mixtures additionally functionalized with ferromagnetic particles, the magneto-optical response increases in comparison with pure LC. Existing theoretical models that describe NLC-CNT suspensions are related to the mean

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• systems and the generation of blue energy from salinity gradients [23][24]. We fabricated a carbon nitride nanotube membrane (CNNM) via an anodic aluminium oxide (AAO)-templated vapor deposition–polymerization process. Subsequently, the CNNMs were modified with 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid

• and Discussion Fabrication of carbon nitride nanotube membrane Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) was chosen as it is formed from tri-s-triazine moieties interconnected via tertiary amines in a well-defined way without doping or modification, composed of only the two earth-abundant elements carbon and

• nitrogen. Moreover, it meets our requirements to fabricate negatively charged carbon nitride nanotubes and a fully condensed conjugated structure that stabilizes the π-electron system for a high charge mobility [25]. The g-CN nanotube membrane (CNNM) was fabricated through vapor deposition–polymerization

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• open electrode front-illuminated CCD camera cooled to −60 °C (Syncerity, HORIBA, USA). The system utilizes an open confocal microscope (Olympus BXFM) with a spatial resolution better than 1 μm. The measurements were done with the laser beam focused on a single nanotube at a time. DFT calculations All

• left). The brighter walls and the darker hollow region are typical of a tubular morphology. The compositional map obtained from the nanotube (Figure 3 (top right)) shows that Sr is uniformly distributed in the nanotube. Elemental quantification from the EDX spectra indicates that 7–11 atom % of Sr

• substitution (93–89 atom % La) is achieved in a nanotube. The overlap of the L and Cu K lines for Ta might induce some error in quantification in the case of Ta. Also, due to the overlap of the L line for Sr and the M line for Ta, the weak Sr K line is used for mapping and quantification of Sr. Nanotubes with

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

• Loji K. Thomas and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

• is calculated in analogy to the energy of a collapsed carbon nanotube [17][30][49], Efold = k·a·l/2r2 where k is the curvature modulus (k = 1.4 eV for CNTs with radii smaller than 2.4 Å), a the arc length which is ≈ b = 15 nm, l the length of the curved region of 72 nm, and r the radius of curvature

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• , pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations for gas sensing. For example, carbon nanotube gas sensors often suffer from slow recovery, especially when operated at room temperature, which eventually results in baseline and response drift. For that reason, it is usually necessary to heat up the

• , different carbon nanotube sensors have been reported for detecting toxic pollutants emitted from vehicle exhaust [22][23], hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [24] or chemical warfare agents (CWAs) [25][26]. Usually, these modified carbon nanotubes improve the selectivity, because the chemical

• approach, carbon nanotubes act as support and charge transport transducing elements while the recognition function is performed by grafted molecules. Two examples of this have consisted of obtaining thiol-functionalized carbon nanotube buckypapers [27] or self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiol molecules

Widening of the electroactivity potential range by composite formation – capacitive properties of TiO₂/BiVO₄/PEDOT:PSS electrodes in contact with an aqueous electrolyte

• Konrad Trzciński,
• Mariusz Szkoda,
• Andrzej P. Nowak,
• Marcin Łapiński and
• Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 483–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.49

• /discharge tests were equal to jk = ja = 0.5 mA·cm−2. All values expressed by a surface containing unit are divided by the geometrical area of the electrode. Electrode preparation Titania nanotubes Titania nanotube synthesis was based on a two-stage anodization process in water/ethylene glycol (5%/95

• immersed for 12 h in 0.5 wt % aqueous solution of oxalic acid to remove the inhomogeneous layer of nanotubular TiO2. Then, the anodization procedure was repeated under the same conditions. Such a two-step procedure allows for a uniform nanotube layer to be obtained. Finally, samples were annealed at a

• . Here, we present the formation of a titania nanotube-based composite. The proposed procedure of anodization yields titania (anatase crystal structure) in the form of nanotubes. PLD was used for BiVO4 deposition on TiO2 with preservation of nanotubular morphology. An enhancement of electric-charge

Electromagnetic analysis of the lasing thresholds of hybrid plasmon modes of a silver tube nanolaser with active core and active shell

• Denys M. Natarov,
• Trevor M. Benson and
• Alexander I. Nosich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 294–304, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.28

• 2RD, UK 10.3762/bjnano.10.28 Abstract Results from the electromagnetic modeling of the threshold conditions of hybrid plasmon modes of a laser based on a silver nanotube with an active core and covered with an active shell are presented. We study the modes of such a nanolaser that have their emission

• parameters of the nanotube, the core, and the shell. It is found that essentially a single-mode laser can be designed on the difference-type HLSP mode of the azimuth order m = 1, shining in the orange or red spectral region. Furthermore, the threshold values of gain for similar HLSP modes of order m = 2 and

• 3 can be several times lower, with emission in the violet or blue parts of the spectrum. Keywords: hybrid localized plasmon mode; nanolaser; nanotube; threshold; Introduction The promise of greatly enhanced light–matter interaction in nanostructured metal configurations, combined with controlled

Uniform Sb₂S₃ optical coatings by chemical spray method

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Ilona Oja Acik,
• Arvo Mere and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 198–210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.18

• –Weber island growth of amorphous Sb2S3 (and in some cases leaf-like grains of polycrystalline Sb2S3) have been observed in Sb2S3 layers grown by chemical bath deposition on glass [47][48], In2O3/Sn (ITO) [49], planar TiO2 [16] and TiO2 nanotube arrays [50], by sequential deposition [51] and spin coating

Wet chemistry route for the decoration of carbon nanotubes with iron oxide nanoparticles for gas sensing

• Hussam M. Elnabawy,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Badawi Anis,
• Mostafa Fedawy,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Ahmed S. G. Khalil,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Xavier Vilanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 105–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.10

• chemical composition of the iron oxide decorated carbon nanotube samples were investigated employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The differently decorated CNT samples were used to make gas sensors for detecting nitrogen dioxide. A

• as well as the effect of ambient humidity. Experimental Materials All materials and reagents used (listed below) were of analytical grade and were used as received. COOH functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs), Nanocyl (C purity higher than 95%) Nitric acid, Scharlau (HNO3 68–70

• electrical resistance against time. Nitrogen dioxide was found to strongly interact with carbon nanotube sensors, and as a result, the sensors did not fully recover their baseline resistance value during the cleaning phase, which was conducted at room temperature without heating. Applying mild heating or UV

Amorphous Ni_xCo_yP-supported TiO₂ nanotube arrays as an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst in acidic solution

• Yong Li,
• Peng Yang,
• Bin Wang and
• Zhongqing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 62–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.6

• attention due to their synergistic effect for improving the hydrogen evolution reaction as compared to monometallic phosphides. In this work, NiCoP modified hybrid electrodes were fabricated by a one-step electrodeposition process with TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) as a carrier. X-ray diffraction

• unstable under acidic conditions. One effective way to improve their stability is with an appropriate support material. Compared to the nickel foam or other substrates [19][23][24], TiO2 nanotube arrays prepared by anodization are favorable for the loading of catalysts and the fast transfer of electrons

• from the electrode to the active sites owing to the large surface area and distinctive 3D well-ordered nanotube structure. Furthermore, the curved interface and confined space facilitate the formation of amorphous phases with more active catalytic sites and contribute to the stability of active

Accurate control of the covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the electro-enzymatically controlled oxidation of biomolecules

• Naoual Allali,
• Veronika Urbanova,
• Mathieu Etienne,
• Xavier Devaux,
• Martine Mallet,
• Brigitte Vigolo,
• Jean-Joseph Adjizian,
• Chris P. Ewels,
• Sven Oberg,
• Alexander V. Soldatov,
• Edward McRae,
• Yves Fort,
• Manuel Dossot and
• Victor Mamane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2750–2762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.257

• -resolution scanning electron transmission microscopy (HRSTEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses support that the outer tubes of the carbon-nanotube bundles were covalently grafted with FcETGn groups. This result confirms that the electrocatalytic effect observed during the oxidation of

• CNT chemistry is now well developed, it can still remain somewhat challenging depending on the quality of the nanotube sample. Indeed, if the sample contains many carbonaceous impurities, these can also be functionalized and contribute to the final electrochemical signal. Several studies have

• covalently attaching the ferrocene electron shuttle to the nanotube sidewalls. The principle of our strategy is indicated in Figure 3. Oxidation of SWCNTs using concentrated HNO3 (65% w/w, 14.3 M) or 2.5 M H2SO4, and subsequent treatment with SOCl2 were realized following the previously described protocols