Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• cases (particularly with PA) might misleadingly appear normal [26][71]. Looking back, techniques like paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry, and ELISA were employed to measure MMA concentrations. However, mass spectrometry methods, particularly LC-MS/MS, have gradually

• ions within aqueous solutions of acetonitrile, TSNCS visibly shifted from colorless to dark yellow, enabling instant and accurate determination with low LODs for Ni2+ (0.0114 μM) and Co2+ (0.0168 μM). This study also successfully applied paper strips coated with TSNCS for swift ion detection in water

Missing links in nanomaterials research impacting productivity and perceptions

• Santosh K. Tiwari and
• Nannan Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2168–2176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.149

• conventional bulk materials toward advanced nanoscale innovations. Acknowledgements SKT gratefully acknowledges that the conception of this paper was inspired during the Indian Conference on Carbon Materials-2023 (ICCM-2023), held at BARC, Mumbai, where he had the privilege of serving as an invited speaker

Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

Quality by design optimization of microemulsions for topical delivery of Passiflora setacea seed oil

• Daniel T. Pereira,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Danielle T. Freire,
• Dayanne L. Porto,
• Cícero F. S. Aragão,
• Myla L. de Souza,
• Guilherme R. S. de Araujo,
• Ana Maria Costa,
• Wógenes N. Oliveira,
• Anne Sapin-Minet,
• Éverton N. Alencar and
• Eryvaldo Sócrates T. Egito

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.146

• 4:1 ratio of n-hexane to P. setacea seeds, following the methodology recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists [55]. Prior to extraction, dried seeds were grounded, placed in folded filter paper, and inserted into the Soxhlet extractor. The extraction was carried out for 6 h at

Multifrequency AFM integrating PeakForce tapping and higher eigenmodes for heterogeneous surface characterization

• Yanping Wei,
• Jiafeng Shen,
• Yirong Yao,
• Xuke Li,
• Ming Li and
• Peiling Ke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2077–2085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.142

• Research Program of Zhejiang Province (No. LTGC24E020002). Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

• gecko keratin [11]. It also helped clarify other aspects of humidity-enhanced adhesion, revealing that keratin softening due to water uptake accounts for only a minor part of the increase in adhesion on very smooth surfaces [13]. The present paper builds on our previous research and extends the

• continuum and particle domains exchange information through a handshake region using our coupling algorithm, which will be detailed in Section “Methods”. The simulations presented in this paper visualize the mechanical response of whole seta and the peeling of spatulae during pull-off from a dry, smooth

Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy

• Sebastian Polarz,
• Yasar Krysiak,
• Martin Wessig and
• Florian Kuhlmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140

• enantiomers (+)-3CP and (−)-3CP separately [45]. Because of the small pores (<10 nm), the confinement situation was very strong and diffusion was limited. The first indications reported were that materials with larger pores have promising properties, too. The paper here focuses exclusively on aerogel

• difficult to exploit neighboring group effects for this particular type of material. Here, the simpler R*NHxSIL material seems to have advantages because the functional groups are much closer. Conclusion The paper demonstrates that observing the rotational dynamics of organic nitroxides as spin probes in

Mechanical property measurements enabled by short-term Fourier-transform of atomic force microscopy thermal deflection analysis

• Thomas Mathias,
• Roland Bennewitz and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1952–1962, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.136

• experiment, unless otherwise noted. The data from this instrument will be referred to in the paper as the “high-sample rate” data. Three types of uncoated cantilevers were used all experiments, that is, soft cantilevers with an integrated tip (Nanosensors PPP-CONT), soft tipless cantilevers (Nanosensors TL

• same value as the one obtained using the Sader method (74.3 mN·m−1 for this cantilever in Figure 2) [20]. Similar observations were made for the other cantilevers used in the experiments conducted within this paper, with the difference between the value of D1 and the normal spring constant calculated

Targeting the vector of arboviruses Aedes aegypti with nanoemulsions based on essential oils: a review with focus on larvicidal and repellent properties

• Laryssa Ferreira do Nascimento Silva,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Mariana Alice Gonzaga Gabú,
• Maria Cecilia Queiroga dos Santos,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Mylena Lemos dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa and
• Fabio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1894–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.132

Programmable soliton dynamics in all-Josephson-junction logic cells and networks

• Vsevolod I. Ruzhickiy,
• Anastasia A. Maksimovskaya,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.131

• -regulation. Furthermore, the physical resemblance between solitons and the action potentials (spikes of voltage) generated in biological nervous systems makes all-JJ structures tempting candidates for constructing neuromorphic hardware [43]. In this paper, we investigate the use of controlled kinetic

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer

• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• August K. Roos,
• Erik Holmgren,
• Riccardo Borgani,
• Mats O. Tholén and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.130

• ]. The challenge for high-resolution AFM is designing such a detector for a test mass hosting a sharp tip that is scanned over a surface in ultrahigh vacuum and at ultralow temperature. In this paper, we report on an AFM cantilever force sensor with an integrated detector consisting of a compact

Further insights into the thermodynamics of linear carbon chains for temperatures ranging from 13 to 300 K

• Alexandre Rocha Paschoal,
• Thiago Alves de Moura,
• Juan S. Rodríguez-Hernández,
• Carlos William de Araujo Paschoal,
• Yoong Ahm Kim,
• Morinobu Endo and
• Paulo T. Araujo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.125

• approximation does not impair the analysis and conclusions of this paper. Finally, for the sake of clarity, Figure 2 shows results for representative LCC, while the full set of LCC is shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2. In total, four LCC with N = 38, 42, 46, and 50 (γP = 0.63, 0.66, 0.74, and

• overall behavior is dependent on the range of temperatures used in the experiment. In the work by Costa et al. [30], the T range considered is limited to 70 < T < 300 K, while this paper extends it to 13 < T < 300 K. This newer range provides a more accurate prediction of (i.e., ωLCC(T) for T = 0 K), and

• therefore, the extra data we bring in this paper provides a better low-temperature convergent behavior of ωLCC(N,T) and a better estimate for both and , when compared with reference [30]. Since γP depends on ΔωLCC(T), it is important to remind that, although the Debye model is understood to be valid even

Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology

• Rousilândia de Araujo Silva,
• Igor Eduardo Silva Arruda,
• Luise Lopes Chaves,
• Mônica Felts de La Roca Soares and
• Jose Lamartine Soares Sobrinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1751–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.122

Advances of aptamers in esophageal cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery

• Yang Fei,
• Hui Xu,
• Chunwei Zhang,
• Jingjing Wang and
• Yong Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1734–1750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.121

• conjugates and aptamer-functionalized drug nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery in esophageal cancer are reviewed in this paper. In addition, we expect investigators to pay special attention to improving aptamer permeability and stability to accelerate aptamer clinical transformation. In conclusion

• biomarkers through this dual action [42][43] provides a powerful tool for early diagnosis of EC. Aptamers have brought novel contributions and developments in diagnosis, treatment, and drug delivery of EC in recent years. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the role of aptamers as biosensors, targeted

Multifunctional anionic nanoemulsion with linseed oil and lecithin: a preliminary approach for dry eye disease

• Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos,
• Almerinda Agrelli,
• Rayane Cristine Santos da Silva,
• Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques,
• Isabel Renata de Souza Arruda,
• Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira,
• Mércia Liane de Oliveira and
• Giovanna Machado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1711–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.120

• liquid was removed with filter paper, and the samples were counterstained with 2.5% uranyl acetate (w/v). The grids were then dried under vacuum for 24 h before TEM analysis. Long-term stability test The long-term stability of the nanoformulations was assessed by storing the samples in hermetically

Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review

• Nayanathara O Sanjeev,
• Manjunath Singanodi Vallabha and
• Rebekah Rubidha Lisha Rabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114

• , and advanced membrane materials, exhibit unique properties such as high surface area, enhanced reactivity, and tunable surface chemistry, which offer promising avenues for the selective and efficient removal of MPs from water. This paper also explores the mechanism, performance and limitations of

• , 28–89%), polystyrene (PS) (5–27%), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 4–35%), polypropylene (PP), and polyamide (PA, 3–30%) [20]. In a study performed by Steinfield et al. [21], it was observed that the MP concentrations in untreated wastewater from paper mills range from 106 to 108 (MPs ≥ 20 µm/m3

• ). The paper mills studied, manufacture a variety of paper products, including tissue paper, cardboard, and specialized items, using different raw materials and polymeric additives like polymeric fibres and coating colours. It was observed that, in paper mill waste, the polymeric additives are the

Modeling magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms used as a component of spin hybrid superconductor–ferromagnetic structures

• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina,
• Anastasia Salomatina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1557–1566, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.110

• ., Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.16.110 Abstract The paper presents a mathematical model for studying the magnetic behavior of atoms, which takes into account spin and interatomic interactions. Two problems were solved by means of mathematical modeling. At the first stage, the problem of modeling a

• systems and calculate the spin dynamics of atoms [22][31]. Results and Discussion The present paper deals with the solution of two problems related to the modeling of magnetic properties of cobalt nanostructures. The first problem was focused on confirming the adequacy of the used mathematical model and

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• ]. Figure 10d shows the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of CdS nanoropes. A comparison of spin coating and drop casting for film fabrication on graphene paper was made using Ni/NiO NPs synthesized by LAL. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements revealed that the homogeneity of the NPs was

Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity

• Tuan Anh Mai-Ngoc,
• Nhi Kieu Vo,
• Cong Danh Nguyen,
• Thi Kim Xuan Nguyen and
• Thanh Sinh Do

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103

• various solid supports such as glass [11], quartz, silicon, or aluminum foil [12]. A recent trend in the development of practical SERS substrates emphasizes flexibility and portability for field-deployable Raman detection. Accordingly, several groups have developed paper-based [13] or cotton-based [14

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• Perspectives This paper provides a comprehensive overview of global research trends and recent progress in MP removal using biochar, based on a bibliometric analysis of relevant literature. The analysis highlights biochar as a promising solution, deserving extensive attention. The co-citation analysis and

Synthesis and antibacterial properties of nanosilver-modified cellulose triacetate membranes for seawater desalination

• Lei Wang,
• Shizhe Li,
• Kexin Xu,
• Wenjun Li,
• Ying Li and
• Gang Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.100

• desalination membranes as reported in the literature. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 58: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Prof. Xiao Qin Zou from Northeast Normal University for helpful revision the paper. Funding This project was financially

Automated collection and categorisation of STM images and STS spectra with and without machine learning

• Dylan Stewart Barker and
• Adam Sweetman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1367–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.99

• spectroscopic measurements. The ability to automate this process is a key aim in development of high resolution scanning probe materials characterisation. In this paper, we assess the feasibility of automating the assessment of imaging quality, and spectroscopic tip quality, via both machine learning (ML) and

Ferroptosis induction by engineered liposomes for enhanced tumor therapy

• Alireza Ghasempour,
• Mohammad Amin Tokallou,
• Mohammad Reza Naderi Allaf,
• Mohsen Moradi,
• Hamideh Dehghan,
• Mahsa Sedighi,
• Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi and
• Fahimeh Lavi Arab

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1325–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.97

Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel

• Nitin Chaudhary,
• Chavan Akash Naik,
• Shilpa Mangalassery,
• Jai Prakash Gautam and
• Sri Ram Gopal Naraharisetty

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95

• This research paper delves into the exploration of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on a 100 µm thin stainless steel (SS) sheet. Through the application of laser irradiation with wavelengths spanning from 400 to 2400 nm, we systematically generate ladder-like LIPSS across a substantial

• how metal surfaces respond to incident wavelengths [53][54]. This work advances our comprehension of LIPSS structures and their applications, shedding new light on the interplay between incident wavelengths and surface interactions. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of optical

• grades of emery paper (3000, 4000, and 5000). Subsequently, alumina polishing was applied for 20 min to achieve a flawless mirror finish on the surface. A solution containing 10 g of oxalic acid in 100 mL of distilled water was employed for etching the stainless steel. An external etching process was

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92