Reduced graphene oxide supported C₃N₄ nanoflakes and quantum dots as metal-free catalysts for visible light assisted CO₂ reduction

• Md Rakibuddin and
• Haekyoung Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.44

• rate of HCHO in the presence of different GCN photocatalysts. Apparent yield of HCHO in the presence of the various photocatalysts. Photostability of the GCN-5 sample against the production of HCHO. Possible photoreduction mechanism of CO2 to HCHO in the presence of the GCN-5 catalyst sample under

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• biological application and therapy of human diseases [26][27]. In this work, we demonstrated a novel GNR@CdSe/ZnS multimodal nanostructure in aqueous phase. We chose CdSe/ZnS QDs as a PL contributor due to its high degree of brightness, excellent photostability, and good spectral overlap with GNRs. We then

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• demonstrate unique properties such as high quantum yield, narrow symmetric luminescence peak and high photostability, which are used in optical molecular sensor systems [1], bioanalysis [2], solar cells [3][4], and light-emitting devices [5]. The application of external electric fields to semiconductor NPs

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

• charge carriers, extension of the light absorption range and intensity, increase of the surface active sites, and higher photostability. Advantages and limitations for photoreduction of Cr(VI) over modified TiO2 are depicted in the Conclusion. The various challenges that restrict the technology from

• enhanced Cr(VI) removal from tannery wastewater. Transition metal ferrites have also been combined with TiO2 for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) not only due to their efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity, but also due to their high photostability, good super-paramagnetic behavior

Room-temperature single-photon emitters in titanium dioxide optical defects

• Kelvin Chung,
• Yu H. Leung,
• Chap H. To,
• Aleksandra B. Djurišić and
• Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1085–1094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.100

• surface defect sites [59] and surface oxygen vacancies on anatase nanocrystal films [60]. Similar photoluminescence in the red was also observed from ZnO defects [7][8][9]. The photodynamics of D1 was also recorded and can be seen for a pump power of 82 μW in Figure 4b. The time trace shows photostability

• fluorescing defect, had ceased to the background count rate (3 × 103 c/s). A histogram of the count rates at 118 μW shows a peak frequency above the background count rate. This behaviour can only be due to photoionisation of D1. The fluorescence photostability was different from previous works on ZnO defects

• histogram observed for D2 at 99.0 ± 0.5 μW pump power exhibiting relative photostability. When the power is increased to 148.0 ± 0.5 μW, the defect exhibits blinking between two distinct levels of an “off” and an “on” state, i.e., a ground state and a bright state, which can be seen in Figure 5d. D2 showed

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• of the CTCN heterojunction, while for BPA, only 7% adsorption was observed over the CTCN heterojunction, as depicted in Figure S7b, Supporting Information File 1. Photocatalyst reusability studies It is of immense importance to explore the photostability and recyclability of the photocatalyst

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• , but indicate a much higher photostability and brightness. As revealed by dynamic light scattering and ζ-potential measurements, all particle suspensions were stable in water and cell culture medium. In addition, uptake studies on A549 cells were performed, using confocal and stimulated emission

• ]. All in all, STED microscopy requires fluorescently labelled markers with high photostability to identify relevant interactions between nanoparticles and cellular structures. In the last years different types of markers have been used for fluorescence-based microscopy, such as modified inorganic gold

• . Photostability In addition to high quantum yields and a high brightness, the fluorescence stability of the dye is of particular importance for STED imaging [59]. Especially, when this technique is used to address more complex tasks such as time-resolved or three-dimensional imaging. Therefore, the photostability

Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets

• Jennifer E. Francis,
• David Mason and
• Raphaël Lévy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125

• , United Kingdom 10.3762/bjnano.8.125 Abstract Semiconductor quantum dots (Qdots) have been utilised as probes in fluorescence microscopy and provide an alternative to fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins due to their brightness, photostability, and the possibility to excite different Qdots with a

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• , quantum dots (QDs) have demonstrated extensive application capabilities. High photostability and brightness, broad excitation and narrow fluorescence-emission spectra are some of the main properties required for the generation of new fluorescent nano-agents. The unique optical and electronic properties of

AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots with near-IR photoluminescence

• Pavel A. Kotin,
• Sergey S. Bubenov,
• Natalia E. Mordvinova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1156–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.117

• devices. CdSe QDs deserve special attention because of their bright photoluminescence (PL), photostability, and a considerable number of methods for their synthesis. For many of the practical applications of QDs infrared PL (IR-PL) is very important: for the fabrication of optical fibers, lasers

High photocatalytic activity of Fe₂O₃/TiO₂ nanocomposites prepared by photodeposition for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

• Shu Chin Lee,
• Hendrik O. Lintang and
• Leny Yuliati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 915–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.93

• several cycles of photocatalytic reactions under UV light irradiation for 1 h. The Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) sample gave a similar, comparable activity in a range of 82–88% even after 3 cycles of reactions, suggesting the good photostability of the Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) nanocomposite and its potential

• /pollutant. The photostability of the Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) nanocomposite was investigated by evaluating the photocatalytic activity for removal of 2,4-D over three cycles. After the first run of reaction under 1 h UV irradiation, the photocatalyst was collected from the 2,4-D solution and was washed with

Organoclay hybrid materials as precursors of porous ZnO/silica-clay heterostructures for photocatalytic applications

• Marwa Akkari,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Abdessalem Ben Haj Amara and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1971–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.188

• displays the evolution of the ibuprofen concentration after 6 h of UV irradiation. In absence of catalysts, i.e., the photolysis experiment, there is only 5% of degradation after 360 min, indicating that ibuprofen shows good photostability under UV–vis irradiation. The ZnO/SiO2-clay heterostructures

Facile fabrication of luminescent organic dots by thermolysis of citric acid in urea melt, and their use for cell staining and polyelectrolyte microcapsule labelling

• Nadezhda M. Zholobak,
• Anton L. Popov,
• Alexander B. Shcherbakov,
• Nelly R. Popova,
• Mykhailo M. Guzyk,
• Valeriy P. Antonovich,
• Alla V. Yegorova,
• Yuliya V. Scrypynets,
• Inna I. Leonenko,
• Alexander Ye. Baranchikov and
• Vladimir K. Ivanov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.182

• crystals (quantum dots, Q-dots) are a good alternative to common fluorescent dyes in a variety of biomedical applications, mainly due to their high photostability and relatively large Stokes shift [1][2][3], but Q-dots typically contain heavy metals (lead, cadmium) and chalcogens (selenium, tellurium

• sodium citrate and ammonium bicarbonate at 180 °C for 4 h leads to the formation of O-dots with excellent photostability [22]. When a 0.328 M solution of ammonium citrate was subjected to hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave at 160 °C for 6 h, the resulting dots had a quantum yield of about 13.5% [23

Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• and NV+ state). Compared to the positive and the neutral charge state, the negative state (NV−) shows superior properties for electron-spin related applications in quantum physics, namely a perfect photostability [1], an optical initialization and read-out of its ground state electron spin [2] and an

Novel ZnO:Ag nanocomposites induce significant oxidative stress in human fibroblast malignant melanoma (Ht144) cells

• Syeda Arooj,
• Samina Nazir,
• Akhtar Nadhman,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Bakhtiar Muhammad,
• Ishaq Ahmad,
• Kehkashan Mazhar and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 570–582, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.59

• exhibit an improved photocatalytic activity [26][27] and photostability [28] compared to the ZnO NPs. Nanoscale Ag2+ itself exhibits antimicrobial and anticancer activity [29], therefore it might be a very interesting and useful addition to the ZnO NPs as it not only enhances the photocatalytic activity

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• properties of synthesized nanotubes were studied by TEM and the results suggested that the thickness of fluorescent layer was 1–2 nm. It was also observed that the photostability of RhB was higher in the silica matrix compared to that in the nanotubes voids. The presence of magnetic NPs was reported to have

Palladium nanoparticles anchored to anatase TiO₂ for enhanced surface plasmon resonance-stimulated, visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Hong Ye Chu,
• Shaliza Ibrahim and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 428–437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.43

• reusability trend proved the photostability of the prepared photocatalysts. Hence, the study provides a new insight about the modification of TiO2 with noble metals in order to enhance the absorption in the visible-light region for superior photocatalytic performance. Keywords: endocrine disrupting compound

• Honda in 1972 [1]. To date, TiO2 is still the most favorable choice owing to its versatility and robust advantages that include photostability, non-toxicity, low cost, chemical and biological inertness, high photocatalytic activity and favorable optoelectronic properties [2][3][4][5]. TiO2 also

• the as prepared 0.5 wt % Pd/TiO2 photocatalyst maintains a high level of degradation efficiency after three times of recycling. An efficiency of 92.3% was achieved after the 3rd run, which indicates an excellent photostability of the synthesized photocatalyst. The kinetics of the photocatalytic

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

• ]. In this regard, the increased brightness and photostability of a fluorescent dye when incorporated into the core of SiO2-NP are particularly welcome [83]. Of note, some specifically engineered NP may hold inherent fluorescent properties, such as inorganic quantum dots (QD) [76]. QD used in

• size-dependent optical properties possess great potential as probe for biomedical imaging applications, as previously shown for the mapping of lymph node structures [87]. Their superior photostability, their broad excitation and narrow emission spectra offer additional advantages [85] that even allow

The distribution and degradation of radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots in mice

• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Markus Heine,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Stephen G. Hickey,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Jörg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 111–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.11

• /CdS/ZnS-Qdots in the liver. Keywords: biodistribution; chromium(III); 51Cr; quantum dots; SPIOs; zinc metabolism; 65Zn; Introduction Quantum dots (Qdots) are semiconductor nanocrystals (2–100 nm in diameter) that combine a strong, size-tunable photoluminescence with robust photostability, which

Poly(styrene)/oligo(fluorene)-intercalated fluoromica hybrids: synthesis, characterization and self-assembly

• Giuseppe Leone,
• Francesco Galeotti,
• William Porzio,
• Guido Scavia,
• Luisa Barba,
• Gianmichele Arrighetti,
• Giovanni Ricci,
• Chiara Botta and
• Umberto Giovanella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2450–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.254

• with homogeneous distribution of the hybrids exhibit ultraviolet–blue photoluminescence with a significantly enhanced photostability compared to the bare oligo(fluorene)s. Finally, under specific conditions, the polymer hybrid with higher oligo(fluorene) content spontaneously assembles into highly

• ordered microporous films. Keywords: breath figures; fluoromica; layered silicates; oligo(fluorene); photostability; self-assembly; Introduction The functionalization of inorganic structures is an effective approach for enriching the potential applications of existing nanomaterials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7

• hierarchical organization of this material by the BF approach is feasible. Photostability The intercalation of the oligo(fluorene) molecules within the lamellae interlayers of the inorganic scaffold has dramatically improved their photophysical stability, a critical issue for fluorene-based materials [35

An insight into the mechanism of charge-transfer of hybrid polymer:ternary/quaternary chalcopyrite colloidal nanocrystals

• Parul Chawla,
• Son Singh and
• Shailesh Narain Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1235–1244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.137

• recrystallization. The quaternary chalcopyrites, particularly CZTSe nanocrystals, facilitate an increased crystallinity and thus an increased local order, which provides better steric stability against coagulation, homogeneity and photostability to their respective polymer (P3HT):CZTS composites. The TOPO/TOP

Optimizing the synthesis of CdS/ZnS core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals for bioimaging applications

• Li-wei Liu,
• Si-yi Hu,
• Ying Pan,
• Jia-qi Zhang,
• Yue-shu Feng and
• Xi-he Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 919–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.105

• intensity, stronger stability and exhibited a longer lifetime compared to uncapped CdS. The CdS/ZnS nanocrystals were stabilized in Pluronic F127 block copolymer micelles, offering an optically and colloidally stable contrast agents for in vitro and in vivo imaging. Photostability test exhibited that the

• core/shell structured QDs showed high QYs, outstanding physical and chemical stability, this strongly enhanced QY could be attributed to the wide band gap ZnS shell providing surface trap states that enhance the photostability. Photostability test Photobleaching is an effective method for improving the

• bioimaging applications of nanocrystals especially for core/shell structured QDs. We carried out photostability experiments of F127-CdS/ZnS irradiated by continuous-wave (CW) laser with a wavelength of 447 nm and power density of 0.5 W/cm2. PL tests with different irradiate times were carried out. As Figure

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• size, and higher photostability [8], which qualifies quantum dots as good candidates for the photosensitization of wide-band transition metal oxides. CdS is a fascinating material with ideal band gap energy (Eg = 2.4 eV) for visible light applications. As early as 1987, Spanhel et al. confirmed that

Effects of the preparation method on the structure and the visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ag₂CrO₄

• Difa Xu,
• Shaowen Cao,
• Jinfeng Zhang,
• Bei Cheng and
• Jiaguo Yu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 658–666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.77

• photocatalysts during the past decades. TiO2 is most widely studied because of its low cost, non-toxicity, high efficiency and long-time photostability [6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, due to its large band gap of about 3.2 eV, TiO2 is only active in the ultraviolet (UV) region that corresponds to 3–4% of the

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag–ZnO hybrid plasmonic nanostructures prepared by a facile wet chemical method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• Vandana Choudhary,
• Biswarup Satpati and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 639–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.75

• nanostructures of various morphology have shown considerable increase in the photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of organic dyes [19][23][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Xie et al. [23] have shown that Ag loading on ZnO nanostructures improves its photostability and enhances the photocatalytic activity due to