Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• realize greater efficacy while also maintaining scalability. For example, snake fangs are hollow and asymmetrically grooved teeth optimized to deliver liquid venom. Researchers can use the bio-inspired hollow design to transdermally deliver drugs that must remain in liquid form during administration [39

Microneedle patches – the future of drug delivery and vaccination?

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 494–495, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.40

• originally developed for the microelectronics industry; they were inevitably made from silicon. Since then, silicon MNs have been largely abandoned in favour of polymer versions because of their superior mechanical properties, biocompatibility, ease of manufacture, and ultimate scalability [5][6]. Polymer

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• structures, high cost, labor-intensiveness, resolution limits, and high throughput time limit the scalability [8]. Self-assembly allows to circumvent some of the constraints of the top-down techniques to obtain ordered 2D or 3D nanostructures. Self-assembly, however, presents challenges of its own. One major

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• applications. The method developed still requires additional investigations on production scalability, repeatability, and automation of the Pt deposition process. It is also crucial to test the chemical stability of the material in the working polymer fuel cell system over a long period. Experimental Materials

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• tuned by changing their respective protein-to-protein ratios. Future efforts will include the application of these methods to a range of nanomedicine applications and further studies aimed at correlating these properties with SPNP performance in vitro and in vivo. The direct scalability of the

Silver nanoparticles nucleated in NaOH-treated halloysite: a potential antimicrobial material

• Yuri B. Matos,
• Rodrigo S. Romanus,
• Mattheus Torquato,
• Edgar H. de Souza,
• Rodrigo L. Villanova,
• Marlene Soares and
• Emilson R. Viana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 798–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.63

• (Ag+) into bacterial cells [12]. However, a large-scale industrial usage of Ag-NPs is still difficult because most synthesis techniques used in labs are unsuitable for commercial use. The main issues are high procedural complexity and elevated cost, which jeopardize scalability efforts fundamental to

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• oxide; tungsten oxide; Introduction Molecular electronics has developed to a fast-growing research field in the past decades. Aspects such as low-cost fabrication and potentially high scalability down to the level of single molecules, resulting directly in a very low power consumption, make this type

Amorphized length and variability in phase-change memory line cells

• Nafisa Noor,
• Sadid Muneer,
• Raihan Sayeed Khan,
• Anna Gorbenko and
• Helena Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1644–1654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.147

• memory (PCM) is an emerging non-volatile memory technology with high endurance, high speed, and good scalability. PCM relies on the change in phase of a nanoscale volume of a chalcogenide material sandwiched between two electrodes. The phase of the material can be switched between the high-resistivity

One-step synthesis of carbon-supported electrocatalysts

• Sebastian Tigges,
• Nicolas Wöhrl,
• Ivan Radev,
• Ulrich Hagemann,
• Markus Heidelmann,
• Thai Binh Nguyen,
• Stanislav Gorelkov,
• Stephan Schulz and
• Axel Lorke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.126

• agglomeration (i.e., highly porous supports) [16]. After years of development, conventional synthesis methods still have problems meeting the requirements for scalability of the synthesis and long-term stability of the resulting catalyst. In this work, we report on a novel one-step synthesis approach that not

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• unique. The search for other platforms is mainly motivated by either scalability or manufacturability within a monolithic platform fabrication or opportunities to facilitate hybrid integration of quantum materials with existing mature devices (hybrid approach). However, there are other materials that are

• SP and spin-controlled point defects in this material [62]. The host material synthesis is also relevant, as the possibility to study single NVs in diamond and similar defects in SiC is based on the commercial availability of high-purity materials. Scalability is instead related to the host material

• /compatibility of the active quantum source and the device in use, and they have limitations in terms of scalability. The type of point defects that should be addressed is also a key element and is generally substitutional dopants, native vacancies, and dopant-vacancy complexes. The space of possible defects is

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• crucial to exfoliate MoO3 for improved performance in a variety of applications. Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) has been shown to be an effective technique for obtaining dispersions of two-dimensional materials. It also offers the advantages of low cost and scalability [2]. The LPE process is initiated

DFT calculations of the structure and stability of copper clusters on MoS₂

• Cara-Lena Nies and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 391–406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.30

• exfoliation. However, the scalability of CVD and ALD processes makes 2D materials grown via these methods more realistic for a wider range of applications [4]. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are of particular interest as they exhibit a large variety of properties. TMDs such as MoS2 are intrinsic

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• information, cost-efficiency, robustness of the reaction, scalability, high-throughput discrimination and the possibility for automatization with minimal hands-on operation. We will demonstrate in the following sections that the advancement of laboratory-based sensors for SNP discrimination benefits from the

A review of demodulation techniques for multifrequency atomic force microscopy

• David M. Harcombe,
• Michael G. Ruppert and
• Andrew J. Fleming

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 76–91, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.8

• visualized in Figure 2. It can be evaluated by where G(2πf) is the demodulator frequency response. Additionally, implementation complexity is qualitatively discussed. It is assessed according to the maximum achievable sampling rate, timing requirements and computational scalability when modeling additional

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: the perovskite layer

• Xianfeng Dai,
• Ke Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 51–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.5

• techniques are introduced. The reported works demonstrate that the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite layers depends largely on their morphology and the crystalline quality. Furthermore, recent achievements concerning the scalability of perovskite films are presented. These developments aim at

• technology; scalability; Review Introduction During the past decade, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHP) have attracted great interest due to their special merits, including exciting optical properties, outstanding optical tunability and low-temperature solution processability. Recently, OIHPs have

• that of recent commercial photovoltaic modules. However, the poor long-term ambient stability and the weak scalability of PSCs have been critical hurdles for their commercialization. In general, the competitiveness of solar cells is evaluated by efficiency, cost and lifetime, where scalability is

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• semitransparent thin film solar cell configurations. The feasibility of fabricating large-area lab-scale Sb2S3 solar cells by the USP method is demonstrated by achieving a PCE of 3.2% at 88 mm2 solar cell area, laying the foundation for further improvements in scalability. Furthermore, over the span of a year

• solar cells favorable for light conversion under cloud cover. It is clear that the key to further increase the efficiency, area-scalability, and durability of opaque and semitransparent Sb2S3 solar cells lies in tuning of the layers and interfaces of the ETM/Sb2S3/HTM stack. Considering the potential

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• [50] provided an equivalent enhancement (factor of three) of SIL but with a smaller footprint and better scalability. The sensitivity of quantum magnetic sensing using spin carrying color centers undergoing ODMR as probes, such as VSi, is currently of the order of δB ≈ 10μT/√Hz and can be improved in

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• measurements, the sensitivity of the magnetic field is 0.9 pT·Hz−1/2 for a 20 kHz magnetic field [35]. Other NV sensors can be made in an array of NVs in bulk diamond or as nanostructures in bulk diamond, such as nanopillars. This second approach suffers from a lack of scalability in sensor fabrication, so it

• ) magnetic fields have been measured at the macroscale with coarse spatial and/or temporal resolution, using MRI methods and magnetoencephalography for example. This does not supply single-neuron spatial resolution without scalability to functional networks or intact organisms. In [34], AP magnetic sensing

Green and scalable synthesis of nanocrystalline kuramite

• Andrea Giaccherini,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Stefano Martinuzzi,
• Enrico Berretti,
• Werner Oberhauser,
• Alessandro Lavacchi,
• Giovanni Orazio Lepore,
• Giordano Montegrossi,
• Maurizio Romanelli,
• Antonio De Luca,
• Massimo Innocenti,
• Vanni Moggi Cecchi,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Antonella Buccianti and
• Francesco Di Benedetto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2073–2083, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.202

• on flexible surfaces. Most of the efforts in this research field aim at the optimal trade-off between the solar energy conversion performance, scalability and sustainability of these nanocrystalline multinary sulfides [34][35]. To this end, researchers have produced many different polymorphic and

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• materials. Once developed, these technologies have to be translated into real-world applications for potential impact on daily life. A roadmap for this technology transfer cannot be easily predicted, but should include important factors such as miniaturization, wearable features, scalability, reliability

Concurrent nanoscale surface etching and SnO₂ loading of carbon fibers for vanadium ion redox enhancement

• Jun Maruyama,
• Shohei Maruyama,
• Tomoko Fukuhara,
• Toru Nagaoka and
• Kei Hanafusa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 985–992, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.99

• nanoparticles; redox flow batteries; surface etching; Introduction Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are energy conversion and storage devices that involve the reduction and oxidation of electroactive species in electrolyte solutions and have attracted much attention due to their scalability and safety. Various

Low cost tips for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy fabricated by two-step electrochemical etching of 125 µm diameter gold wires

• Antonino Foti,
• Francesco Barreca,
• Enza Fazio,
• Cristiano D’Andrea,
• Paolo Matteini,
• Onofrio Maria Maragò and
• Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2718–2729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.254

• deposition (EBID) and focused ion beam (FIB) milling [41][42][43] (see [30][44] for reviews). Fabrication methods capable of guaranteeing high reproducibility, cost-effectiveness and scalability to industrial production are, however, still not available at present. Metal vapor deposition on AFM tips is

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

The role of the Ge mole fraction in improving the performance of a nanoscale junctionless tunneling FET: concept and scaling capability

• Hichem Ferhati,
• Fayçal Djeffal and
• Toufik Bentrcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1856–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.177

• transistors (MOSFETs) and their complements in nanoelectronic circuit designs [1][2][3][4]. In this context, small swing-switch devices such as double-gate tunneling field-effect transistors (DG TFETs) are gaining attention because of their good subthreshold characteristics, high scalability and low OFF

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• realistic application of plasmonic photocatalysts will focus on the scalability, cost and sustainability from the perspective of synthesis route to application. In addition, the theory behind the plasmonic-induced electron transfer mechanism still remains questionable and thus necessitates the advanced