Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• that inhibit initial attachment or directly kill microbes (see Figure 2) [50]. Natural surfaces provide many examples of anti-adhesive topography, including nanostructured pikes on Cicada wings [51], micro-structured and patterned riblets of the shark skin scales [52], hierarchically micro- and

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• can be found in [37]. Photoinduced demagnetization and the recovery are observed only at T < TC. One can readily recognize two demagnetization processes that reveal themselves as the rising components and occur at time scales of subpicoseconds and tens of picoseconds. Therefore, the responses in the

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• temperature and, thus, scales with their molar area and thermal expansion coefficient. The surface tension of the eutectic Ga–In–Sn liquid at the melting point has been reported to = 587 mN/m. Since the surface tension originates from the imbalanced bonding of atoms at the liquid–vapor interface [29], it

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

• shown in Figure 3c. The AC-KPFM successfully resolved the inhomogeneous SPV distribution with fluctuations on scales of 10–50 nm and a few millivolts, whereas classical KPFM observed a homogeneous SPV distribution over the TiO2 surface with sub-micrometer resolution [12][51] because of the influence of

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• of the deposited graphene film has a value that scales with the quantity of solvent used. The results thus indicate that dilution of solution-processed graphene can be used as a tool to control graphene film thickness. Also, the centrifugation rate can be controlled to make films of desired thickness

Approaching microwave photon sensitivity with Al Josephson junctions

• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Ladeynov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 582–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.50

• initial and excited states). There are not many examples in solid-state physics with such energy scales. Another difficulty is that a spontaneous change of the state must be significantly less probable so that the detector could be in a waiting mode for a significant amount of time. Superconductor

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• different characteristics and kinds of behavior of compounds on submicrometer and nanometer scales and resulted in the development of new methods such as electrospinning, self-assembly, phase separation, nano-imprinting, and photolithography for the generation of new biomaterials with improved properties

Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film

• Rahil Hosseinifar,
• Evangelos Golias,
• Ivar Kumberg,
• Quentin Guillet,
• Karl Frischmuth,
• Sangeeta Thakur,
• Mario Fix,
• Manfred Albrecht,
• Florian Kronast and
• Wolfgang Kuch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.5

• deterministic toggle switching. Keywords: all-optical magnetic switching; GdFe; laser-induced domain-wall motion; magnetic domain imaging; photoemission electron microscopy; Introduction The reversal of magnetization at the fastest possible time scales and microscopic length scales is one of the most

• -optical toggle switching is the reproducibility of the switching event on microscopic length scales. The presence of magnetic domain walls has been found to limit the repeatability of the switching event, leading to nondeterministic switching in the vicinity of the domain walls [9]. This has been

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• increased as compared to a diode glow discharge ignited without inserting magnets. In the case of MS systems, the discharge current I scales exponentially with the applied voltage V, as highlighted by the equation I = k·Vn, where k and n depend on the magnetron cathode and other process parameters as

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

• Ruifei Wang,
• Jin Chai,
• Bobo Luo,
• Xiong Liu,
• Jianting Zhang,
• Min Wu,
• Mingdan Wei and
• Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

• surface roughness on the flow boundary conditions, since a perfectly smooth surface is an idealized model even at molecular scales. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the variations of topography on the surface can drastically influence the effective slip length [81][82]. However, the

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• l = 2, 3 with Results and Discussion Before we present numerical results, let us look at the energy scales we are going to discuss. Typical values of the bandwidths of the metallic organic wires are several hundreds of millielectronvolts [79][80]. The charging energy parametrized by U can be

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• themselves at various length scales. Interestingly, fractals can also be fabricated artificially in labs under controlled growth environments and be explored for various applications. Such fractals have a repeating unit that spans in length from nano- to millimeter range. Fractals thus can be regarded as

• applications are reviewed. The present article first describes what fractals are and what characteristic length scales are associated with fractal growth, followed by material-wise characterization of fab-frac gas sensors discussing their performance and fractal geometries. Some basic definitions are included

• different length scales are termed as fractals. Few researchers have reported fractal growth under lab environment [40][42][43][44][45], which are artificially made and are referred to as fab-fracs in this work. Fractal length scales and growth models All fractal geometries have characteristic length scales

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF₃)₄

• Alexey Prosvetov,
• Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
• Gennady Sushko and
• Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

• induces the release of metal-free ligands and the growth of metal-enriched deposits. It involves a complex interplay of phenomena taking place on different temporal and spatial scales: (i) deposition, diffusion, and desorption of precursor molecules on the substrate; (ii) transport of the primary

• replenishment phase is challenging for MD simulations as it would require simulating the slow adsorption and desorption of new precursors and the created molecular fragments from the surface occurring on relatively large time scales. For specific values of pressure and temperature, the duration of the

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• nanostructures at both microscopic and macroscopic scales. Amino acids, as the smallest constituent of proteins and the smallest constituent in the bottom-up approach, are the smallest building blocks that can be self-assembled. The self-assembly of single amino acids has the advantages of low synthesis cost

• as functional materials it can be difficult to arrange assembled nanostructures at both microscopic and macroscopic scales [10]. Also, fine manipulation of noncovalent interactions and corresponding peptide and protein nanostructures remains a huge challenge [24]. Amino acids are the major components

Open-loop amplitude-modulation Kelvin probe force microscopy operated in single-pass PeakForce tapping mode

• Gheorghe Stan and
• Pradeep Namboodiri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.83

• microscopy [29][30], pump–probe KPFM [31][32], or fast free force recovery KPFM [33] that are capable of observing the dynamics of the optoelectronic response of materials and electric field-induced charge migration at time scales of the order of tens of microseconds. Various OL KPFM implementations with

A new method for obtaining model-free viscoelastic material properties from atomic force microscopy experiments using discrete integral transform techniques

• Berkin Uluutku,
• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1063–1077, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.79

• calculates the z-value’s power −n, where n scales with the number of sample points in the signal. Likewise, while calculating the inverse Z-transform, one raises z to the n-th power. During the calculation of the Z-transform, numbers raised to very large negative powers converge to zero, which although not

• time constants) may be more or less important for different operations with different time scales. Furthermore, the non-unit circles of the z-domain also contain information about the harmonic behavior of the material (although under damped conditions). Thus, the storage and loss of energy by the

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• studies performed on human subjects. Data generated in vitro and in animals should complement the efficacy of a treatment and can be used to determine its mechanisms of action at cellular and molecular scales. However, there is no substitute for human-derived data. Figure 1 summarizes relevant data

The role of convolutional neural networks in scanning probe microscopy: a review

• Ido Azuri,
• Irit Rosenhek-Goldian,
• Neta Regev-Rudzki,
• Georg Fantner and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 878–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.66

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• micro- and nanoscales at different phylogenetic levels, focus on insects as the largest animal group on earth, and subsequently zoom into the attachment pads of the stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) to explore convergent evolution of attachment pads at even smaller scales. Since convergent events

• surface irregularities of certain length scales. The range of length scales to which the adaptation is possible depends on the stiffness of the film. Spatulae are able to adapt even to nanoscale roughness [240][241]. Thick films within the smooth pads of the bush cricket Tettigonia viridissima and the

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

• spatial instability [53][54][55][56][57][58]. The transient patterns realized during system evolution will disappear at large time scales leading to the homogeneous distribution of the coverage field [59]. In order to stabilize these transient patterns the reaction component R(x) can be generalized by

• of vertical motion of adatoms k∥, one can define domains of main system parameters, in which pattern formation is possible. In particular, for the case λ(κ) ≤ 0 κ any spatial instability that can be realized at the initial stages of the system evolution disappears at long time scales leading to a

• snapshots in Figure 3b). These islands diffuse and interact. At large time scales the dispersion attains a constant non-zero value and the surface layer is characterized by stationary surface patterns, that is, separated adsorbate islands on the substrate (top panel in Figure 3b) or separated holes inside

Colloidal particle aggregation: mechanism of assembly studied via constructal theory modeling

• Scott C. Bukosky,
• Sukrith Dev,
• Monica S. Allen and
• Jeffery W. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 413–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.33

• the magnitude of the DLVO force, which scales linearly with particle radius, that is, larger particles are more attractive/repulsive. Ultimately, only the solvent properties are responsible for determining whether or not aggregation will be favorable. Similar to varying the particle spacing

Determination of elastic moduli of elastic–plastic microspherical materials using nanoindentation simulation without mechanical polishing

• Hongzhou Li and
• Jialian Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 213–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.17

• characterization of the mechanical behavior of filaments [1], thin films [2], microplastics, coatings, powders, small crystals, and other materials at small scales. One of the great advantages of the technique is that many mechanical properties of materials can be determined from the analysis of indentation load

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

Bulk chemical composition contrast from attractive forces in AFM force spectroscopy

• Dorothee Silbernagl,
• Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani,
• Natalia Cano Murillo,
• Anna Maria Elert and
• Heinz Sturm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 58–71, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.5

• Fattr, a clear distinction can be made. Note that the measurements shown in Figure 3 were performed with a different AFM probe (tip B) than the measurements shown in Figure 2 (tip A). Hence, the different scales for the Fattr values. Model sample epoxy/polycarbonate Here, we consider a sample that was

Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

• HIM in the field of medicine came in 2011 when Bazou et al. used the HIM to study tumor cells [9][10] and Arey et al. studied the interaction of nanoparticles with alveolar epithelial cells [11]. In the following two years, reports on HIM imaging of the nanostructures on butterfly scales by Boden et