Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• of tb varies between 10−3 and 10−5 [51]. In that case, we would expect larger values of γb than the one resulting from our fit. However, we have checked that larger values of γb notably suppress the sensitivity of Tc to the presence of the F layers (i.e., the inverse proximity effect becomes strongly

• proximity effect. Also, for the spin valve effect, the key parameter is not the strength of the proximity effect, but rather the sensitivity of the system to the variation of the relative magnetizations. Our strategy was to achieve a “fragile” superconductivity, which is sensitive to this kind of control

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• [2], the ability of real-time measurements [3], extremely high sensitivity [4], remarkable selectivity [5], and tremendous versatility [4][6][7]. Many scholars have taken advantage of these properties in cancer diagnosis [8], detection of hazardous chemicals [9], tracing of microorganisms [7][10][11

• nanoparticles (Au NPs) were the first to be fabricated in DESs [28][29]. SERS platforms based on Au NPs-DES whose sensitivity and durability are competitive to the other materials were successfully constructed [29][30]. However, no attention has been paid to the potential of DESs in the fabrication of Ag NPs

• -DES substrate. Besides the high sensitivity, the sensor exhibits also uniformity of the coating, consistency in SERS signals, and good selectivity. Overall, Ag NPs-DES is a promising candidate for SERS-based biosensor applications. This work hopefully provides useful information about the potential of

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• reduction in infarction size, TNF-α levels, cardiac fibrosis, and improvement in cardiac systolic function. Gold nanorods serving as surface-enhanced Raman scattering probes have demonstrated sensitivity for the early detection of ICAM-1, a significant signal for screening atherosclerosis, particularly in

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• sonication for 1 min at 80 W input. Following re-dispersion at Agilent, the dilution for spICP-MS was carried out in three steps. Considering the method’s sensitivity to dilution, during the initial dilution step, the sample was kept under continuous stirring. In subsequent steps, the sample was taken

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• systems. Metal NPs can lead to greater signal amplification, greater sensitivity, and higher detection. However, NPs with properties that generate ROS can increase cell damage. In cancer cells, rapid proliferation leads to an imbalance of oxygen, abnormal structure, and blood supply, making the tumor

• increase the sensitivity to PDT. Furthermore, transition metals can catalyze Fenton/Fenton-like reactions [47], generating highly oxidative species that can kill tumor cells. The electronegativity of the metal oxides helps the NPs in crossing the cell membrane. The formation of metal cations can also

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• Raman spectroscopy is a widely used technique to characterize nanomaterials because of its convenience, non-destructiveness, and sensitivity to materials change. The primary purpose of this work is to determine via Raman spectroscopy the average thickness of MoS2 thin films synthesized by direct liquid

• of MoS2 flakes produced by different methods. Among these techniques, Raman spectroscopy is widely used thanks to its convenience, non-destructiveness, and sensitivity to materials change, including strain, temperature, doping, and defects [26]. Concerning the characterization of MoS2 flakes

• would be close in twisted and 2Hc-stacked MoS2 multilayers. However, as previously recalled, the sensitivity of this ratio to the SiO2 thickness and the gap between the A2D(Si)/A0(Si) ratios for N and N + 1 permit to ensure the determination of N with a rather good reliability only for N ≤ 5. DLI-PP-CVD

Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane

• Shangbi Chen,
• Dewen Liu,
• Weiwei Chen,
• Huajiang Chen,
• Jiawei Li and
• Jinfang Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 270–278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.25

• , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, P.R. China 10.3762/bjnano.15.25 Abstract The majority of crack sensors do not offer simultaneously both a significant stretchability and an ultrahigh sensitivity. In this study, we present a straightforward and cost-effective approach to fabricate

• metal crack sensors that exhibit exceptional performance in terms of ultrahigh sensitivity and ultrahigh stretchability. This is achieved by incorporating a helical structure into the substrate through a modeling process and, subsequently, depositing a thin film of gold onto the polydimethylsiloxane

• substrate via sputter deposition. The metal thin film is then pre-stretched to generate microcracks. The sensor demonstrates a remarkable stretchability of 300%, an exceptional sensitivity with a maximum gauge factor reaching 107, a rapid response time of 158 ms, minimal hysteresis, and outstanding

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• controlled in an on/off mode, showcasing sensitivity to temperature-induced drug release [41]. Determination of cumulative and photothermal-responsive drug release The calibration curve was constructed by plotting the UV–vis absorbance values against the amounts of VNB solution generated at various

Design, fabrication, and characterization of kinetic-inductive force sensors for scanning probe applications

• August K. Roos,
• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• Erik Holmgren and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 242–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.23

• interferometric and beam-deflection detectors of motion are sufficient to resolve the thermal noise force determined by the damping of the cantilever eigenmode in thermal equilibrium with its environment. Operation in high vacuum and at cryogenic temperatures reduces this force noise, improving sensitivity to the

• point where motion detection becomes the limiting source of noise. In this context, the principles of cavity optomechanics may improve the sensitivity of AFM force sensors. Cryogenic AFM further enables the use of superconducting microwave resonators in a cavity optomechanical detection scheme [4][5][6

• electromechanical coupling. The coupling of the microwave resonator to a transmission line is also an important design consideration. Our primary goal is high sensitivity to tip–surface forces, given the constraints of the AFM application. If the detector is limited by thermal noise, the sensitivity is given by the

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• reactivity, sensitivity of NPs, as well as their cellular uptake and systemic transfer [21]. However, in order to develop predictive models, a deeper understanding of the interactions at the bionano interface and their relationship to material and protein properties is necessary. Gathering more information

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• zinc oxide nanorods embedded within the PAAO template [13]. Recently, it was demonstrated that the PAAO thickness tuning can increase the signal intensity and refractometric sensitivity of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors constructed using gold nanoparticles, which are deposited on

• different wavelengths. The usable wavelength range was limited primarily by the low intensity of the incandescent light source in the violet part of the spectrum and the sensitivity of the detector in the infrared. Other materials (fiber, glass, electrolyte, and coolant) in the optical path can further

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• %. The developed assay should serve as a general platform for detecting other pathogenic bacteria which affect water and food quality. The proposed E. coli detection strategy has appealing characteristics such as high sensitivity, simple operation, short testing time, and low cost. Keywords: aptamer

• . Colorimetric biosensors have become popular in analytical applications due to their high sensitivity, convenience, and ease of signal readout [7][8]. These biosensors have been extensively utilized in pathogen identification, primarily because of their ability to rapidly display results in visible color [9][10

• ]. Nanomaterials have improved the ability to detect pathogens in water and food by enhancing signals and sensitivity. These materials, which encompass nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires, and nanoclusters, can be combined with aptamers, antibodies, enzymes, and other ligands to display unique physical, chemical

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• pH value before testing them. (2) The sensing method used was fluorescence as it is a simple method that does not require any additional steps for its determination. However, even though the aim of the study was to evaluate the reusability and stability of NFs, the sensitivity of the system could be

Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• BICEP Array, LSPE, LiteBIRD, QUBIC, Simons Observatory, and AliCPT. As a direct radiation detector, we use cold-electron bolometers, which have high sensitivity and a wide operating frequency range, as well as immunity to spurious cosmic rays. Their other advantages are the compact size of the order of

• a few micrometers and the effect of direct electron cooling, which can improve sensitivity in typical closed-loop cycle 3He cryostats for space applications. We study a novel concept of cold-electron bolometers with two SIN tunnel junctions and one SN contact. The amplitude–frequency characteristics

• efficiency. As a direct radiation detector, we consider using the cold-electron bolometer (CEB) concept [11][12]. These bolometers have high sensitivity with background-limited operation [13][14][15], a broad operating frequency range, as well as immunity to spurious cosmic rays [16]. Since CEB sizes are of

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• and the relatively long baking duration were chosen because the copolymer must be solid to prevent dissolution by the PMMA layer. In addition, the baking temperature can control the sensitivity of the copolymer. The higher the baking temperature of the copolymer, the more sensitive the copolymer gets

• resolution as well as a low sensitivity. Its viscosity is 16.4 mPa·s. After spinning at 4000 rpm and baking at 180 °C for 5 min, it has a thickness of around 300 nm. The exposure is carried out using an electron beam lithography system Vistec EBPG 5000+ operating at 100 kV. Working on a thin transparent

• techniques, a one-time exposure is possible with the help of high accelerating voltage during electron beam exposure. In this process, rather than doing one resist deposition and exposure after another, the layer selectivity is controlled by the electron beam dose and the sensitivity of the two layers. Only

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• (trifluorophosphine)gold(I) (AuICl(PF3)) [23]. These precursors have enabled depositions of ≈95 atom % Au and a resistivity of Au grains as low as 22 µΩ, respectively. However, the short lifetime of both precursors, which results from their moisture sensitivity and thermal instability, has limited their applicability

• , which involves SnMe4 as a methylation agent [36]. The elemental composition of the FEBID structure was calculated using the relative sensitivity factors (S) [37], that is, SAu: 0.21; SCl: 0.69; SC: 0.08; SSn: 0.53. From these, the atomic concentration of the deposit was found to be 51 atom % Au, 2 atom

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• ]. These findings indicate that the sensitivity to CUR and the CUR-loaded HSA-MPs depends on the cell type [41]. Previous studies have shown that CUR inhibits the growth by inducing apoptosis through p53-dependent Bax induction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells [45][46] or through p38-dependent up-regulation of

Properties of tin oxide films grown by atomic layer deposition from tin tetraiodide and ozone

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Tanel Käämbre,
• Aile Tamm and
• Kaupo Kukli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1085–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.89

• distances average to less sharp XAS peaks. Because of the somewhat less shallow probe depth of XAS recorded in TEY mode (ca. 10 nm) compared to the high surface sensitivity of the recorded photoemission spectra (a few atomic layers) [41] we suggest that less completely oxidised species appear below the

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• reference signals. Dual-heterodyne KPFM (DHe-KPFM) dramatically enhances the sensitivity to “weak” (i.e., a few mV) surface photovoltage signals, thanks to the amplification by the second resonance mode. Time-resolved measurements can be performed in data-cube mode, by recording spectra of the SPV Fourier

• (in terms of lateral resolution and sensitivity, respectively). This mode takes advantage of heterodyning effects (frequency mixing) between the electrical bias modulation and the cantilever mechanical oscillation (usually performed at the first eigenmode, angular frequency ω0). These effects result

• approach to check the nature of the SPV dynamics. Compared to previous “modulated” SPV imaging techniques, dual-heterodyne KPFM provides an enhanced sensitivity (as demonstrated in the following), thanks to the amplification of the intermodulation products by the second resonance eigenmode. In addition

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• responsivity, photoconductive gain, detectivity, and sensitivity with maximum values of 1.38 A·W−1, 4.33, 2.58 × 1011 Jones, and 1934.5% at a bias of 2 V, respectively. The sensing mechanism of the p–n heterojunction of CuO/ZnO is also explored. Overall, this study indicates that the heterostructure of CuO

• photodetector based on CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs). CuO NPs were loaded onto ZnO NRs by a cost-effective, simple hydrothermal method at low synthesis temperature [38]. The CuO/ZnO photodetector was characterized, and its sensitivity was evaluated regarding visible-light wavelengths

• sensitivity to other wavelengths including 464 nm (blue), 532 nm (green), and 640 nm (red). Figure 5a shows the room temperature I–V characteristics of the CuO NPs/ZnO NRs photodetector under different wavelengths. The photoresponse to wavelengths longer than 395 nm is in accordance with the UV–vis absorbance

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• magnitude more resistant to chemical attacks than Kevlar® K29 [1]. A small but important subset of ambient “chemical” attacks includes moisture sensitivity. Ozawa observed substantially larger tenacity reductions in Kevlar® than in Technora® as a function of ambient moisture [1]. Minoshima et al. also found

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• . However, this conventional LFA technique based on colorimetric analysis is neither useful to determine critical analytes with desired sensitivity, nor can it quantify the analytes. Various signal amplification strategies have been proposed to improve the sensitivity and the quantitative determination of

• the detection limit of LFAs is only between millimolar and micromolar concentrations [10]. To overcome this, various modifications of LFAs have been explored [11][12]. For example, Petrakova et al. used different architectures of gold nanoparticles in LFAs to improve the sensitivity of the assays [11

• spectroscopy (SERS), fluorescence, ultrasound, and photothermal methods, have been tried in LFAs [4][13][14]. For example, fluorescence-based LFAs exhibited a 100- to 1000-fold higher sensitivity than conventional LFAs [15]. However, working with fluorescence-based LFAs is complex because of photoinstability

Fragmentation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate) complexes induced by slow electrons

• Janina Kopyra and
• Hassan Abdoul-Carime

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 980–987, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.81

• nanocrystals [13][14]. The popularity of these compounds is related to their volatile nature, ease of preparation, and often lower air sensitivity and toxicity in comparison to organometallic compounds containing carbon–metal bonds (e.g., metallocenes). In the context of a potential use of these organometallic

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• effect makes the NPs very selective and provides a high sensitivity for binding on the target surface. Multicomponent effect of protein corona on antibody-conjugated NPs The small hydrodynamic diameter and unique structure of NPs offer increased adsorption and catalytic efficiency. The NP surface

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• , respectively, 2.4 times and 1.6 times greater than those of pure P(VDF-TrFE) nanogenerators [14]. Subash et al. added ZnO nanoparticles and exfoliated graphene oxide to P(VDF-TrFE) to prepare a composite nanofilm with excellent touch sensitivity and high output energy. They also used the piezoelectric film for

• feature that mimics the sensitivity of sound signals of different frequencies in the human ear, based on the hearing mechanism. Extracting MFCC features is useful for modeling heart sound signals. The wavelet feature extraction method uses “db6 wavelet decomposition” to generate seven feature vectors. The