Disorder-induced suppression of the zero-bias conductance peak splitting in topological superconducting nanowires

• Jun-Tong Ren,
• Hai-Feng Lü,
• Sha-Sha Ke,
• Yong Guo and
• Huai-Wu Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1358–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.128

• (right panels) are separately considered. Other parameters are taken as t0 = 12.0 meV, Δ0 = 0.9 meV, μ0 = 2.0 meV, α = 2.4 meV, and ΓL = ΓR = 0.3 meV. The MBSs appears at the wire ends for VZ > VZC. The spatial distribution of probability density |Ψ|2 (solid lines) and their fitted envelopes (dashed

Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• determine the spatial distribution of cilostazol in polymeric NPs and to explore its potential use in this kind of drug delivery system. Experimental Characterization of copolymer structures by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations The poly(lactic acid) core PLA polymer chains were built in three

• molecules, the radius of gyration values were reduced from 62.7 to 20.5, 64.4 to 23.9 and 64.7 to 21.6 Å, respectively. The different spatial distribution of NPs at the start and at the end of simulation demonstrates the DSPE–PEG-coated process. The initial stretched DSPE–PEG chains were folded around the

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• -twin microscope operating at 200 kV (accelerating voltage). Elemental mapping was also carried out by using the same instrument in order to study the presence and spatial distribution of expected elements in all prepared samples. The light harvesting ability of the resultant samples as a dry-pressed

• also carried out in order to study the presence and spatial distribution of expected elements and corresponding maps are provided in Figure S2, S3 and S4, Supporting Information File 1, respectively. The mapping results show the uniform distribution and co-existence of expected elements in the selected

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• imposed on the CNTs in such a way that the alignment axis of the CNTs is driven by the LC reorientation controlled by an electric field [37]. The concentration and the spatial distribution of charges in the LC matrix will be affected by the presence of CNTs and, hence, the conductivity will be changed [38

Hyperthermic intracavitary nanoaerosol therapy (HINAT) as an improved approach for pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): Technical description, experimental validation and first proof of concept

• Daniel Göhler,
• Stephan Große,
• Alexander Bellendorf,
• Thomas Albert Falkenstein,
• Mehdi Ouaissi,
• Jürgen Zieren,
• Michael Stintz and
• Urs Giger-Pabst

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2729–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.272

• -LAU = 3.32·109 #/s was determined for HINAT-LAU, which was 25 times higher than that of nt,CPC,PIPAC-MIP = 1.35·108 #/s as determined for PIPAC-MIP. Spatial distribution of drug deposition Peritoneal drug deposition efficiency for drug dose determination In contrast to conventional PIPAC, the

Refractive index sensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using silver–gold layered bimetallic plasmonic crystals

• Somi Kang,
• Sean E. Lehman,
• Matthew V. Schulmerich,
• An-Phong Le,
• Tae-woo Lee,
• Stephen K. Gray,
• Rohit Bhargava and
• Ralph G. Nuzzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2492–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.249

• material. Here we examine a bilayer/multi-metallic Ag/Au plasmonic crystal (PC) motif that is characterized by higher analytical sensitivity and more strongly enhanced electric fields than our previously reported monometallic PC systems. Manipulating the composition of the thin metal films, their spatial

• distribution, and the design rules of the PC optical elements (in terms of the lattice parameter and the size of the features of the nanoholes) is found to be an effective approach to optimizing the response in multispectral and SERS-based sensing. To illustrate the properties of these devices, the optical

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

• Alexa Schmitz,
• Kai Schütte,
• Vesko Ilievski,
• Juri Barthel,
• Laura Burk,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Junpei Yue,
• Bernd Smarsly and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

• Fe0 to Fe2+ (at a potential lower than 3.5 V) and Fe2+ to Fe3+ (at a potential higher than 3.5 V) [88]. The large voltage hysteresis between discharging and charging process can be attributed to sluggish process kinetics, including, for example, phase evolution and the spatial distribution of

Electron beam induced deposition of silacyclohexane and dichlorosilacyclohexane: the role of dissociative ionization and dissociative electron attachment in the deposition process

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Sangeetha Hari,
• Krishna K Damodaran,
• Oddur Ingólfsson and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2376–2388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.237

• electrons [3]. On a flat surface the spatial distribution of these secondary electrons will be defined by the angular distribution of the back-scattered primary electrons [5][6][7]. During the growth of structures with aspect ratios greater than zero, however, the forward component will also play a role

Stick–slip boundary friction mode as a second-order phase transition with an inhomogeneous distribution of elastic stress in the contact area

• Iakov A. Lyashenko,
• Vadym N. Borysiuk and
• Valentin L. Popov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1889–1896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.189

• the friction force, elastic stress and order parameter, while the frequency of phase transitions increases due to the presence of the spring. It is worth mentioning that the spatial distribution of elastic stress considered in the presented study will always occur in tribological systems with

• , γ = 10 (Pa·s)−1, a0 = 2·10−5 m, G* = 109 Pa, K = 500 N/m, m = 0.1 kg, V0 = 1 m/s. (b) Spatial distribution of the order parameter φ(r) in the moment of time t = 1.3 ms, related to final point of the dependence shown in Figure 2a. (c) Time dependence of the mean values of the order parameter <φ

• > (solid line) and elastic strain <εel> (dashed line). (d) Spatial distribution of the elastic strain εel(r) at t = 1.3 ms. (a) Time dependence of the order parameter φ(t), calculated using the same parameters as in Figure 2 and corresponding to the melting process (arrow 1) before the first dashed line

Process-specific mechanisms of vertically oriented graphene growth in plasmas

• Subrata Ghosh,
• Shyamal R. Polaki,
• Niranjan Kumar,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Mohamed Kamruddin and
• Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1658–1670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.166

• rate and larger crystallite sizes. Case III: Effect of microwave power Figure 7a–f shows the spatial distribution of vertical sheets as obtained by FESEM. Figure 7g is the plot of the growth rate and intersheet spacing as a function of the MW power. These observations suggest that the growth rates and

Adsorption and electronic properties of pentacene on thin dielectric decoupling layers

• Sebastian Koslowski,
• Daniel Rosenblatt,
• Alexander Kabakchiev,
• Klaus Kuhnke,
• Klaus Kern and
• Uta Schlickum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1388–1395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.140

• statistical evaluations of the measured molecules. Spatial imaging at the energies of the orbitals observed in STS yields the spatial distribution of the frontier orbitals of pentacene [2][3][4]. For +1.2 V, two prominent lobes connected by a series of dimmer lobes are observed (Figure 3a). This structure can

Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Francesco Fuso,
• Ruggero Micheletto,
• Makoto Naruse,
• Francesco Tantussi and
• Maria Allegrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.97

• accurate knowledge of the spatial distribution of large field enhancements requires an accurate knowledge of the nanostructure morphology. This is particularly true for the spatial distribution of a random pattern composed of a texture of hills and valleys. Rippled surfaces represent a special case of

• wavelength λ = 785 nm under p-polarization conditions. Figure 2B and Figure 2D ultimately represent the distribution of the hot spots. Both reconstructed surfaces have a 2.5 × 2.5 μm area. Due to the highly localized nature of the hot spots, this area is representative of their spatial distribution. In the

• −γ > 0, the amplitude of field increases with time. In addition, the plasmon enhancement can be amplified if they are in-phase at a nanogap (hot spots), while the subsequent nanogaps could be out-of-phase, showing a type of dark spot. The spatial distribution of a hot spot surrounded by dark spots is

Analysis and modification of defective surface aggregates on PCDTBT:PCBM solar cell blends using combined Kelvin probe, conductive and bimodal atomic force microscopy

• Hanaul Noh,
• Alfredo J. Diaz and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 579–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.62

• consider their spatial distribution. In real BHJ devices, both the macroscopic morphology and the microscopic conformation of donors and acceptors have a very strong influence on the overall mobility of charge carriers. Therefore, overlapping of HOMO and LUMO and charge hopping between molecules need to be

Multimodal cantilevers with novel piezoelectric layer topology for sensitivity enhancement

• Steven Ian Moore,
• Michael G. Ruppert and
• Yuen Kuan Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 358–371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.38

• given mode with respect to the spatial distribution of the strain. On a prototype cantilever design, significant increases in actuator and sensor sensitivities were achieved for the first four modes without any substantial increase in sensor noise. The transduction mechanism is specifically targeted at

• deflection mode shapes. Here, the overall deflection is the linear combination of mode shapes which have a fixed spatial distribution. Moreover, there exists a linear mapping from the deflection of the structure to the charge developed on the piezoelectric layer and hence the charge response is related to

• the spatial distribution of each mode shape. If the mode shapes are orthogonal, an analytical approach can be used to shape the piezoelectric layer. Otherwise optimization is used to shape the piezoelectric layer to minimize response to the undesired modes. This work formulates the design of the

Photocatalysis applications of some hybrid polymeric composites incorporating TiO₂ nanoparticles and their combinations with SiO₂/Fe₂O₃

• Andreea Laura Chibac,
• Tinca Buruiana,
• Violeta Melinte and
• Emil C. Buruiana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 272–286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.30

• ) of all hybrid nanocomposites containing TiO2 NPs and also to investigate the spatial distribution of the elements through the X-ray elemental mapping images. In the EDX patterns (Figure 3), the Ti, Si and Fe signals confirmed the existence of inorganic nanoparticles, while the organic matrix is

Sub-nanosecond light-pulse generation with waveguide-coupled carbon nanotube transducers

• Felix Pyatkov,
• Svetlana Khasminskaya,
• Vadim Kovalyuk,
• Frank Hennrich,
• Manfred M. Kappes,
• Gregory N. Goltsman,
• Wolfram H. P. Pernice and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 38–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.5

• Acton SpectraPro 2360 spectrometer. The latter consists of a switchable mirror and grating, and is equipped with a PIXIS 256E CCD camera (Princeton Instruments) [15]. The spectrum of the light, emitted at the position of the CNT, is shown in Figure 1b, while the spatial distribution of the emission is

A new approach to grain boundary engineering for nanocrystalline materials

• Shigeaki Kobayashi,
• Sadahiro Tsurekawa and
• Tadao Watanabe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1829–1849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.176

• mentioned. Figure 19 shows the experimental results on the electrical resistivity ρ as a function of the fractal dimension, associated with the spatial distribution of random boundaries as the primary scattering center of electrons in a polycrystal. Again it is evident that the electrical resistivity tends

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• defined coating over longer time periods. Control of the spatial distribution and density of molecules is for many biological investigations an interesting option. Such patterning with adhesive molecules can be realized by several techniques. Commonly used are microcontact printing [53][155] dry lift-off

Nanostructured germanium deposited on heated substrates with enhanced photoelectric properties

• Ionel Stavarache,
• Valentin Adrian Maraloiu,
• Petronela Prepelita and
• Gheorghe Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1492–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.142

• significant improvement of the spatial distribution of the Ge nanoparticles and by avoiding multi-step fabrication processes or Ge loss. The influence of the preparation conditions on structural, electrical and optical properties of the fabricated nanostructures was studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission

• 500 °C: (a) corresponding SAED pattern; (b) close-up of a Ge-np within the SiO2 thin film; (c) spatial distribution of Ge-nps in the oxide matrix. Schematic of sample structure and electrical measurement. Current density versus voltage characteristics in dark (empty squares) or under integral light

• transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations of the Ge:SiO2 thin films deposited on Si substrates at 500 °C are presented. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) (Figure 2a) and HRTEM (Figure 2b) demonstrate the <112> orientation of Ge-nps. The HRTEM image in Figure 2c shows the spatial

Deformation-driven catalysis of nanocrystallization in amorphous Al alloys

• Rainer J. Hebert,
• John H. Perepezko,
• Harald Rösner and
• Gerhard Wilde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1428–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.134

• bands has to be related to localized deformation rather than thermal effects. A much less debated issue has been the spatial distribution of deformation in the amorphous alloys during intense deformation. The current work examines the hypothesis that intense deformation affects the regions outside shear

The self-similarity theory of high pressure torsion

• Yan Beygelzimer,
• Roman Kulagin,
• Laszlo S. Toth and
• Yulia Ivanisenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1267–1277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.117

• -similar solution of the rigid plastic flow problem for HPT Let y = f(x,t) describe the spatial distribution of a quantity y as a function of time t, where x is the spatial coordinate. The process is called self-similar, if the spatial distribution of y at any time t can be obtained from a reference

• solution at time t0 by a simple similarity transformation: where T(t) is time-dependent. Thus, the spatial distribution of y varies with time while remaining always geometrically similar to itself. This definition generalizes the concept of similarity in geometry where two figures are called similar if one

Reasons and remedies for the agglomeration of multilayered graphene and carbon nanotubes in polymers

• Rasheed Atif and
• Fawad Inam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1174–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.109

• and CNT, surface modifications have been applied to tailor spatial distribution and/or to obtain a homogeneous dispersion in host materials [55]. Whether or not the addition MLG and CNTs improves the properties of nanocomposites is still under debate. Some studies have revealed improvements in

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

• measurements confirmed the characteristic molecular resonance states (HOMO−1, HOMO and LUMO) originating from the ferrocene group when spectrum was measured at ferrocenyl adamantane 19. The STS mapping succeeded in imaging the spatial distribution of the HOMO state of ferrocenyl adamantane 19, which is

Time-dependent growth of crystalline Au⁰-nanoparticles in cyanobacteria as self-reproducing bioreactors: 2. Anabaena cylindrica

• Liz M. Rösken,
• Felix Cappel,
• Susanne Körsten,
• Christian B. Fischer,
• Andreas Schönleber,
• Sander van Smaalen,
• Stefan Geimer,
• Christian Beresko,
• Georg Ankerhold and
• Stefan Wehner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 312–327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.30

• electron microscope. These images reveal the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles inside the cells as it was in the moment when their biosynthesis was stopped. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy In recent years UV–vis spectroscopy has often been used for the in situ observation of nanoparticle or

• taken up by the cells, see below, for example. Image processing TEM images show the spatial distribution of the formed nanoparticles within the cells. Since the magnification for each image is known the number of pixels could be covered easily in areas of nm2. The challenging problem is how many pixels

• . TEM was used to determine the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles as well as their sizes. Although the importance of heterocysts for the biosynthesis is discussed widely in the literature, we have shown in a preceding study a contrary relation for Anabaena sp. [29], where vegetative cells have

Counterion effects on nano-confined metal–drug–DNA complexes

• Nupur Biswas,
• Sreeja Chakraborty,
• Alokmay Datta,
• Munna Sarkar,
• Mrinmay K. Mukhopadhyay,
• Mrinal K. Bera and
• Hideki Seto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 62–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.7

• size 5 mdeg at the Indian Beamline (BL-18B) at Photon Factory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Japan. Both anomalous and normal X-ray reflectivity data was collected to check the spatial distribution of Cu along the film depth. Cu has two absorption edges in X-ray regime which are