Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• particles via electrostatic and steric interactions without altering the surface properties [32][33][34][35][36][37]. In addition, they have a high thermal stability, negligible vapor pressure and are not flammable [38]. PC is an aprotic, highly dipolar solvent with low viscosity [39][40], low flammability

Free-radical gases on two-dimensional transition-metal disulfides (XS₂, X = Mo/W): robust half-metallicity for efficient nitrogen oxide sensors

• Chunmei Zhang,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Fengxian Ma,
• Sri Kasi Matta,
• Steven Bottle and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1641–1646, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.156

• the gas molecules remains unclear. In addition to MoS2, 2D WS2 is expected to be a more promising material as gas sensor because of its higher thermal stability and wider temperature range of operation [18]. Synthesized FETs layered with WS2 are also reported as attractive electronic devices [27

• room temperature (300 K) for a 3 × 3 supercell model were performed to further evaluate the thermal stability of MoS2 with and without the adsorption of NOx (x = 1, 2) as shown in Figure S5 (Supporting Information File 1). There is no significant structural distortion within 7 ps for the adsorption of

• NOx onto MoS2, indicating highly thermal stability.” Conclusion We have presented monolayer XS2 (X = Mo, W) as NO sensor based on first principles studies. The adsorption sites and energy for NO and NO2 molecules on MoS2 or WS2 layers have been studied. The calculations were carried out with different

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

• Nor Fazila Khairudin,
• Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

• developments on the use of Mg as a support or promoter for DRM catalysts. Its high basicity and high thermal stability make Mg suitable for introduction into the highly endothermic reaction of DRM. The introduction of Mg as a support or promoter for Ni-based catalysts allows for good metal dispersion on the

• ]. Furthermore, its characteristics such as high thermal stability, high melting point, and low cost make MgO a promising component in endothermic reactions, especially in the DRM process [18][34][49]. Therefore, this review discusses the research regarding the DRM reaction over Mg-containing oxide catalysts as

• alkaline properties and thermal stability of MgO, which is more suitable for CO2 and CH4 adsorption. In fact, MgO offers low surface area, which could further be improved, and yields optimum texture properties with a combination of alumina [45][114][115][116][117]. Based on the investigation of the

P3HT:PCBM blend films phase diagram on the base of variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry

• Barbara Hajduk,
• Henryk Bednarski,
• Bożena Jarząbek,
• Henryk Janeczek and
• Paweł Nitschke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1108–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.102

• and quickly cooled down to −10 °C over a period of 3 min. It is important to note that thermal stability of P3HT and PCBM is high and their thermal degradation occurs only above 380 °C [45]. Then, ellipsometric measurements have been performed, during a heating cycle with a heating rate of 2 °C/min

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• stretching band for the calculations. The EF value for the 10−3 M probe was 1.5 × 102 for the 747 cm−1 mode and 0.9 × 102 for the 2970 cm−1 mode. The microstructure of the nanostructured films applied as SERS chips in SERS experiments above showed advanced thermal stability up to 110 °C. The films were

• disperse silver and other noble metals. Thermal stability is an important criterion for porous compounds in gas phase processes because of their enhanced adsorption behaviour and chromatography function. Analysis of the thermal stability showed low microstructural changes upon sintering at 110 °C while

• sintering at 120 °C degraded the material. We therefore recommend 100 °C as the maximal temperature for thermal stability of such a fine microstructure. The analysis of the SERS activity of sintered mp-Ag/Ag films was performed for meldoninum which was deposited before the calcination processing. It was

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• can cause the deactivation of the catalyst. In addition, the catalyst also has a limited temperature window (300–400 °C) and poor thermal stability [7][8]. Hence, there is an urgent need to find other catalysts that can overcome these drawbacks and also have high resistance to water (H2O) and

• oxidation of SO2 to SO3, so that high activity and selectivity, high thermal stability, and a temperature lower than 300 °C can be achieved, thus increasing the lifetime of the catalyst. Lower-temperature SCR is foremost in importance to ensure the complete removal of NO. This is because of the wide

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• organic semiconductor with tri-s-triazine units, has drawn huge attention from researchers due to its excellent photocatalytic performance and unique properties such as appropriate band structure, visible light absorption and high chemical and thermal stability [2][4]. In addition, g-C3N4 consists of

• comprises of all the peaks of g-C3N4 and CT, indicating that the addition of g-C3N4 has not altered the structural properties of CT, which is in agreement with the XRD results. Thermogravimetric studies To investigate the thermal stability of g-C3N4, CT and CTCN heterojunction, thermogravimetric (TGA

• indicates its intrinsic thermal instability in this temperature range [44]. CT nanoflakes show very high thermal stability in comparison to g-C3N4 and no significant weight loss is observed in the TGA curve of pure CT, even at 800 °C [36]. The relative content of the g-C3N4 in the CTCN heterojunction could

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H₂FeRu₃(CO)₁₃ and comparison with HFeCo₃(CO)₁₂: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Paul Weirich,
• Lukas Hrachowina,
• Marc Hanefeld,
• Ragnar Bjornsson,
• Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
• Sven Barth,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Michael Huth and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• was successfully prepared, accompanied by a drastic decrease in the number of polar groups and a certain degree of reduction [38]. As shown in Figure 6, the thermal stability of the CNF/PVA/GO aerogels before and after the carbon treatment, pure CNFs, pure PVA and GO were measured by thermogravimetric

• analysis (TGA) in nitrogen from 30 to 600 °C. In addition to the CNF/PVA/GO carbon aerogels, the other three samples showed three different stages of weight loss: the water decomposition stage, polymer decomposition stage, and residual substance decomposition stage. The thermal stability of the aerogel was

• slightly improved after the introduction of GO. The maximum decomposition temperature of the CNFs after GO introduction increased from 237 to 465 °C, showing that the addition of GO improves the thermal stability of the composite film to some extent. This may have occurred because the GO retarded the

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• there is still demand for new precursors with other satisfactory parameters like vapor pressure, toxicity, thermal stability, and stability over time. Electrons present on the surface are combination of high energy electrons from the primary electron beam and secondary electrons emitted from the surface

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• treatment and those without it even after annealing at 700–800 °C, indicating thermal stability of the structure of the obtained pillared materials. Figure 2 shows the results of an X-ray analysis. One observes a single montmorillonite phase for the initial MM sample (100% intensity reflex with a basal

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). They were also characterized in terms of thermal stability, Ag+ ion release, catalytic and antibacterial activities. The materials synthesized via UV decomposition of AgNO3 demonstrated a much better catalytic activity in comparison to those prepared using

• ) decomposition of AgNO3 in a suspension of BN NPs. Both methods resulted in partial oxidation of Ag during processing. Then, the obtained materials have been characterized in terms of their microstructures, thermal stability, Ag+ ion release, and catalytic and antibacterial activities. Results and Discussion

• also apparent within the BN/Ag HNMs (Figure 3e). Thermal stability of BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials The majority of NH applications, including catalysts, are closely related to their high-temperature performance. Thus, HNMs with high thermal stability, i.e., capable of maintaining their structure at

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• )/synthesized = 242−244 °C/247 °C). Previous measurements indicated thermal stability of the precursor in the gas phase up to 220 °C [18]. Upon electron irradiation of the pristine solid precursor compound, a strong increase in silver content from 9 to >40 atom % was observed. Thermal stability and electron

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• , ethanol, ethylacetoacetate (EtAcAc), and possibly isopropanol from unreacted TiO2 precursors [82]. The PEO-containing hybrid materials TPS and TPS_Au2.5 essentially exhibit an identical thermal stability. The first weight loss of 9% below 120 °C can be assigned to water and ethanol evaporation. The second

Dry adhesives from carbon nanofibers grown in an open ethanol flame

• Christian Lutz,
• Julia Syurik,
• C. N. Shyam Kumar,
• Christian Kübel,
• Michael Bruns and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2719–2728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.271

• ]. Additionally, they are not applicable under conditions of high radiation like in outer space. Carbon nanotubes, however, benefit from excellent thermal stability up to 750 °C in air and 2800 °C in vacuum [29], alongside a high mechanical strength with a Young’s modulus of 0.8 TPa and a tensile strength of 150

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• carbon component. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a suitable substrate for the synthesis of porous carbon–CNT hybrids owing its high surface area, chemical and thermal stability under growth conditions, and easy removal from carbon products using a diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. Nanoporous carbon

• related to the combustion of porous carbon and MWCNTs, respectively. Asymmetry in the differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curves (Figure 3) confirms the synthesis of carbon species of different thermal stability [26]. The curves have been fitted by three components, which were respectively assigned to

Amplified cross-linking efficiency of self-assembled monolayers through targeted dissociative electron attachment for the production of carbon nanomembranes

• Sascha Koch,
• Christopher D. Kaiser,
• Paul Penner,
• Michael Barclay,
• Lena Frommeyer,
• Daniel Emmrich,
• Patrick Stohmann,
• Tarek Abu-Husein,
• Andreas Terfort,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Oddur Ingólfsson and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2562–2571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.256

• high thermal stability [1][2][3]. Depending on the fabrication method, the choice of precursor molecules and functionalization type, such membranes have great potential for a wide variety of applications [2]. In recent years, protocols and procedures have been developed to produce functional CNMs by

Laser-assisted fabrication of gold nanoparticle-composed structures embedded in borosilicate glass

• Nikolay Nedyalkov,
• Mihaela Koleva,
• Nadya Stankova,
• Rosen Nikov,
• Mitsuhiro Terakawa,
• Yasutaka Nakajima,
• Lyubomir Aleksandrov and
• Reni Iordanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2454–2463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.244

• samples were studied via their absorbance spectra (HR 4000 spectrometer, Ocean Optics) in the range 200–1000 nm. The experimental procedure included thermal annealing of the glass samples in a standard controllable oven. The glass transition temperature and the thermal stability of the glass samples

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• ], including high surface area, preferential exposure of reactive facets and oxygen vacancy defects. However, pure CeO2 deactivates seriously at an elevated temperature due to the decline of surface area and OSC. In order to maintain the OSC and enhance the catalytic activity and thermal stability of CeO2

Preparation and characterization of polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites

• Claudio Larosa,
• Niranjan Patra,
• Marco Salerno,
• Lara Mikac,
• Remo Merijs Meri and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2026–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.203

• dispersed phase in the composite films, while TGA and DSC analysis of the nanocomposites revealed enhanced thermal stability and decreased crystallinity, respectively, as compared to the neat polymer. The proposed composites can find application in a number of everyday products where polycarbonate is the

• serious thermal stability issues at the hot embossing temperature of PC. It has been suggested that the addition of MWCNTs can significantly change the mechanical properties of PC, as well as affect the crystallization behavior [5]. In former work, the effect of adding gold nanoparticles on the optical

• loadings as high as 10 wt % [9]. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this composite system is investigated in detail for crystallinity and thermal stability. The research activity and procedures adopted during this work and reported here are in agreement with the

Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of continuous-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with stacked graphene

• Naum Naveh,
• Olga Shepelev and
• Samuel Kenig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1909–1918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.191

• matrices with low content of inexpensive SG. Both surface and volume resistivity dropped by 7–8 orders of magnitude. Laminated composites based on carbon fabric showed increased DMA storage moduli, improved thermal stability and increased Young's moduli. SEM images of SAA-modified epoxy/SG/carbon fabric

• composites revealed no distinctive effect of the epoxy composition on the morphology of laminates, yet the compounds demonstrated significant improvement in thermal stability at elevated temperatures, especially with a polyol surfactant. A reduction of electrical surface resistivity was registered, while

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

• Dafu Wei,
• Youwei Zhang and
• Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

• , the temperatures of PMMA nanoparticles with a mass loss of 2% and 5% were 193 °C and 293 °C, respectively (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5). We chose to preoxidize the PAN–PMMA nanoparticles at 250 °C, considering the limited thermal stability of PMMA outer layer. Carbonized product Three

(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications

• Lars Smykalla,
• Carola Mende,
• Michael Fronk,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Michael Hietschold,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1786–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.180

• functionalize (metallo)porphyrins in order to better match their physical properties to requirements of the envisaged application [1][2][3]. Because of the general high chemical and thermal stability, thin films of (metallo)porphyrins can be obtained by using organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) techniques

Fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: from CF₄ plasma chemistry to surface functionalization

• Claudia Struzzi,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Jean-François Colomer,
• Alberto Verdini,
• Luca Floreano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1723–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.173

• ][24]. In single- and multiwalled nanotubes the tuning of surface properties via fluorine-based plasma has been investigated highlighting the modification of morphology, chemical composition and electronic properties, as well as focusing on the field emission performances and the thermal stability [25

Effect of the fluorination technique on the surface-fluorination patterning of double-walled carbon nanotubes

• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Emmanuel Flahaut,
• Jérémy Rio,
• Christopher P. Ewels,
• Victor O. Koroteev,
• Gregory Van Lier,
• Denis V. Vyalikh and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1688–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.169

• been determined. The high thermal stability of F2 means elevated temperatures are required in order for the fluorination process to take place. The saturation composition C2F for a CNT surface was achieved using pure F2 below 300 °C for several hours [15]. The temperature and/or duration of the