A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• strategies such as using the thiol group, particle functionalization, and streptavidin–biotin interaction. Streptavidin has an extraordinary high affinity for biotin and the streptavidin–biotin bond is one of the strongest non-covalent interactions known in nature (with a dissociation constant in the order

Functionalized platinum nanoparticles with surface charge trigged by pH: synthesis, characterization and stability studies

• Giovanna Testa,
• Laura Fontana,
• Iole Venditti and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1822–1828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.175

• investigated. PtNPs were obtained by a wet redox procedure using 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride (DEA) as capping agent. By varying the Pt/thiol molar ratio, monodispersed and stable particles with diameters in the range of 3–40 nm were isolated. The amino functionality allows neutral particles to be

• colloidal system. Keywords: functionalized platinum nanoparticles; pH responsive materials; synthesis of metal nanoparticles; thiol functionalization; Introduction Metal nanoparticles (MNPs), in particular, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) offer a wide range of chemico-physical properties that can be of

• colloidal stability; hydrophobic or hydrophilic thiol-based ligands have been deeply exploited [14][15]. Among others, 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride (DEA) has been used as a stabilizing thiol for gold nanoparticles used for the immobilization of lipase [16]. Among others, hydrothermal and

Hydrophilic silver nanoparticles with tunable optical properties: application for the detection of heavy metals in water

• Paolo Prosposito,
• Federico Mochi,
• Erica Ciotta,
• Mauro Casalboni,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Iole Venditti,
• Laura Fontana,
• Giovanna Testa and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1654–1661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.157

• nitrate as precursor molecules, hydrophilic thiol (3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt, 3MPS) and sodium borohydride as capping and reducing agents, respectively. The AgNPs were characterized using techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS

• synthesis AgNPs were synthesized by wet reduction, using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent and 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt as a capping agent. The water solubility of the thiol induces a strongly hydrophilic character with respect to the nanoparticles, which present the sulfonate

Photothermal effect of gold nanostar patterns inkjet-printed on coated paper substrates with different permeability

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Anni Määttänen,
• Petri Ihalainen,
• Maddalena Collini,
• Elisa Cabrini,
• Giacomo Dacarro,
• Piersandro Pallavicini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1480–1485, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.140

• printing because of their conductive and thermal properties [1][8]. Within the existing types of metal nanoparticles, the beneficial properties of gold, such as good biocompatibility, excellent resistance to oxidation and acids, and high affinity to thiol containing biomolecules promote the applicability

• this factor is studied in this letter. Therefore, GNS with well-controlled structure and with LSPR centred at about 760 nm were synthesized, decorated with poly(ethylene glycol) thiol (PEG-SH) [18], and inkjet-printed onto three differently coated paper substrates at various drop density values (δ

Straightforward and robust synthesis of monodisperse surface-functionalized gold nanoclusters

• Silvia Varela-Aramburu,
• Richard Wirth,
• Chian-Hui Lai,
• Guillermo Orts-Gil and
• Peter H. Seeberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1278–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.118

• reduction of HAuCl4 with citrate at high temperatures [21], sodium borohydride can act as a reducing agent while an alkanethiol stabilizes the nanoparticles [22]. The latter method was used to prepare glyconanoparticles by adding thiol-terminated glycoconjugates [23]. Gold nanoparticles have also been

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• temperatures. These robust AgNPs assemblies are comparably thermally resistant to previously described self-assembled gold nanoparticles [38] allowing for a broader blue-shifted bimodal optical tuning of plasmonic assemblies. To further examine the influence of hydrogen bonding on the assembly, the thiol and

Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures

• Anja Henning-Knechtel,
• Matthew Wiens,
• Mathias Lakatos,
• Andreas Heerwig,
• Frieder Ostermaier,
• Nora Haufe and
• Michael Mertig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 948–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.87

• a thiol functionality at the 3′ end (sequence: 5′TTTTT TTTTT TTTTT TTT–C3H5SH3′, HPLC purified, Biomers.net). For this, 3.2 pmol phosphinated gold nanoparticles were mixed in equivalent ratio with the oligonucleotides in Na+-TBE buffer solution (50 mM NaCl, 89 mM Tris, 89 mM boric acid, 1 mM EDTA pH

Gold nanoparticles covalently assembled onto vesicle structures as possible biosensing platform

• M. Fátima Barroso,
• M. Alejandra Luna,
• Juan S. Flores Tabares,
• Cristina Delerue-Matos,
• N. Mariano Correa,
• Fernando Moyano and
• Patricia G. Molina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 655–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.58

• per-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin accomplished via covalent gold–thiol bonds [10]. These AuNPs provide an excellent platform for drug delivery due to the functional versatility of their monolayers. The vesicles with AuNPs are suitable for applications such as transport inside cells [11], photodynamic

• systems were around 175 nm with a polidispersity of 0.2 determined by DLS indicating that the size of the LUVs does not change significantly by the incorporation of SH to the bilayer. A question may arise here about the orientation of the thiol molecules in the bilayer. That is, whether there are thiol

• was exposed and immersed in the SH–DOPC LUV solution for 30 min, enough time to form bonds between AuE and SH/DOPC [25]. This procedure was carried out in order to covalently bond the vesicles on the AuE through the thiol incorporated in the bilayer. Then, the AuE modified with SH–DOPC LUVs was

Novel roles for well-known players: from tobacco mosaic virus pests to enzymatically active assemblies

• Claudia Koch,
• Fabian J. Eber,
• Carlos Azucena,
• Alexander Förste,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Alexander M. Bittner,
• Holger Jeske,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Fania C. Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 613–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.54

• variants and solid supports, in some cases involving thiol bonding ([7][173] and references therein; [110][174][175][176]). So far, however, it remains to be tested whether TMV particles immobilized via protruding RNA ends or through non-covalent attachment would retain their arrangement inside the flow

Comparison of the interactions of daunorubicin in a free form and attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes with model lipid membranes

• Dorota Matyszewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.46

• controlled way [21][22]. Due to the presence of a thiol group in the polar headgroup region, this lipid has negative charge and it is possible to transfer monolayers onto solid support by means of both Langmuir–Blodgett method and self-assembly, which results in the differences in the packing of the

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

• . Since the early stages of molecular electronics, most studies deal with molecules attached to the gold surface through one thiol (–SH) group [63]. While the details of the adsorption mechanism are still under debate, it is commonly considered that the hydrogen of the thiol group is eliminated in contact

• with gold and that a covalent Au–S bond is formed [23][64]. This bond has a dissociation energy of around 2.1 eV (ca. 50 kcal·mol−1), which is large enough to ensure the thermal stability of thiol monolayers up to 80 °C [65]. Furthermore, it is stronger than the Au–Au bond with a dissociation energy of

• around 0.8 eV [66], which can lead to the removal of small gold clusters by mechanically removing thiols. The versatility of the thiol anchoring guarantees a dense coverage of both flat and rough gold surfaces. The clean close packed Au(111) surface exhibits a hexagonal arrangement of atoms with a well

Hemolysin coregulated protein 1 as a molecular gluing unit for the assembly of nanoparticle hybrid structures

• Tuan Anh Pham,
• Andreas Schreiber,
• Elena V. Sturm (née Rosseeva),
• Stefan Schiller and
• Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 351–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.32

• connection via gold–thiol binding. The Au NP network shows similar reactivity to the colloidal Au NPs as a catalyst in the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. To explore the broad application of our concept, Hcp1_cys3 is also applied to assemble Fe3O4 and CoFe2O4 NPs. The reaction is

Case studies on the formation of chalcogenide self-assembled monolayers on surfaces and dissociative processes

• Yongfeng Tong,
• Tingming Jiang,
• Azzedine Bendounan,
• Makri Nimbegondi Kotresh Harish,
• Angelo Giglia,
• Stefan Kubsky,
• Fausto Sirotti,
• Luca Pasquali,
• Srinivasan Sampath and
• Vladimir A. Esaulov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 263–277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.24

• . We discuss some recent studies based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that shed light on these aspects for a series of such organic molecules. Keywords: copper; nickel; palladium; reactivity; selenol; selenophene; self-assembly; thiol; thiophene; Introduction In recent years research related to

• head group (thiol) molecules [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], but interest in other head group atoms such as C [28][29], N [30] and other chalcogenides has also received increased attention. In particular, selenium head group SAMs have

• transition metal surfaces [44][45]. A few years ago, the research groups of Nuzzo [46], Whitesides [46] and others [48] noted that for alkane thiol SAMs, the initial desulfurization occurs via S–C bond scission. This leads to the formation of a sulfidic interface layer, upon which a more or less ordered

Single-molecule mechanics of protein-labelled DNA handles

• Vivek S. Jadhav,
• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Florian Wruck and
• Martin Hegner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 138–148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.16

• and coupling to polystyrene beads PCR amplification of plasmid pTYB1 (7477 bp, New England Biolabs, Ireland (NEB)) with 5’-biotin (5’-AAT TCT TGA AGA CGA AAG GGC GGC-3’ for 4056 bp DNA and 5’-GGA TAC GAC GAT ACC GAA GAC AGC-3’ for 3034 bp DNA) and 5’-thiol or 5’-DIG end-modified primers (both have the

• OT setup. For DNA with DIG at the 5’ end and thiol at the 3’ end a PCR using the 7477 bp long plasmid pTYB1 was carried out with 5’-DIG end-modified and 5’-thiol end-modified primers. Subsequently, the thiol-end was covalently coupled to amino-beads with 2.1 µm diameter (Spherotech, Lake Forest, IL

• , USA) using a sulfo-SMCC cross linker (Fisher Scientific, Dublin, Ireland). DIG-DNA-Thiol was activated for 1 h at room temperature with a ratio of approx. 1000 SMCC molecules per DNA as previously described [8]. Excess of SMCC was removed using a ChargeSwitch® cleaning kit, and the activated DNA was

Surface-site reactivity in small-molecule adsorption: A theoretical study of thiol binding on multi-coordinated gold clusters

• Elvis C. M. Ting,
• Tatiana Popa and
• Irina Paci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 53–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.6

• ; sulfur–gold interactions; thiol adsorption; Introduction The interactions between organic molecules and metallic surfaces have been the subject of significant interest in recent years, because of their fundamental relevance in a broad array of nanoscience applications. One area of interfacial research

• , given its broad relevance in spectroscopy, sensing, nanotechnology and biophysics. Many reviews have been written in the last two decades on the topic of thiol adsorption on gold flat surfaces and clusters [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62], and on that of aminoacid–gold binding [3][10

• adsorption case, as considering the complex in the molecular (gold + adsorbate) basis set is appropriate in the context of chemical bonding of the two. Results and Discussion Dissociative binding of methyl thiol on the Au20 cluster Despite the small size of the molecular backbones considered in this study

Effects of electronic coupling and electrostatic potential on charge transport in carbon-based molecular electronic junctions

• Richard L. McCreery

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 32–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.4

• of molecules oriented between two conductors, with charge transport through the molecular layer. The vast majority of existing junction structures are based on metal/molecule bonding such as the Au/thiol self-assembled monolayers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], Langmuir–Blodgett films on metals

Chemiresistive/SERS dual sensor based on densely packed gold nanoparticles

• Sanda Boca,
• Cosmin Leordean,
• Simion Astilean and
• Cosmin Farcau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2498–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.259

• transfer, which is in turn observed as a resistance decrease. Moreover, in our system MBA is a thiol-terminated molecule while folic acid is not, and therefore one can expect that the MBA molecules can replace folic acid ligands from the surface of the gold particles. MBA is smaller than folic acid, and

Nanostructured surfaces by supramolecular self-assembly of linear oligosilsesquioxanes with biocompatible side groups

• Maria Nowacka,
• Anna Kowalewska and
• Tomasz Makowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2377–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.244

• cyclic tetravinylsiloxanetetraols [50]. The thiol-ene additions were photoinitiated by 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) (full experimental data can be found in Supporting Information File 1). Thin layers of LPSQ-COOH/X were deposited onto freshly cleaved mica substrates by dip coating from their

• compounds patches of base layers can be observed that are more smooth (Rq = 0.077 and 0.047 nm). They do not exhibit clear phase contrast and it cannot be asserted whether they are areas of well-packed molecules or bare mica (Rq = 0.032 nm for bare mica). The surface of mica covered with TG bearing thiol

• . A similar trend can be observed for samples adsorbed on supports pretreated with mica-TG or mica-NAC (Figure 8 and Figure 9). Thiol groups are present on both surfaces. Thiols are more nucleophilic than hydroxyls and thus their ability for the formation of hydrogen bonds is different. P1 produces

Self-organization of gold nanoparticles on silanated surfaces

• Htet H. Kyaw,
• Salim H. Al-Harthi,
• Azzouz Sellai and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2345–2353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.242

• Molecular self-assembly or self-organization is a technique which is widely used for the spontaneous arrangement of nanomaterials. Coupling agents such as thiol-terminated, amine-terminated, alkyl-terminated and phenyl-terminated silanes on metal nanoparticles (so called adsorbates) attach on various

Surfactant-controlled composition and crystal structure of manganese(II) sulfide nanocrystals prepared by solvothermal synthesis

• Elena Capetti,
• Anna M. Ferretti,
• Vladimiro Dal Santo and
• Alessandro Ponti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2319–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.238

• precursor. When we used a single surfactant (carboxylic acid, alcohol, thiol, amine), α-MnS nanocrystals were obtained. The peculiar role of the amine seems to be related to its basicity. The nanocrystals were characterized by TEM and electron diffraction; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy provided information about

• , alcohol, and thiol surfactants. This set allowed us to understand how basicity, nucleophilicity and ability to undergo condensation reaction with stearic acid affect the structure directing ability of the surfactant. The crystal structure of the resulting NCs was determined by analyzing the electron

Orthogonal chemical functionalization of patterned gold on silica surfaces

• Francisco Palazon,
• Didier Léonard,
• Thierry Le Mogne,
• Francesca Zuttion,
• Céline Chevalier,
• Magali Phaner-Goutorbe,
• Éliane Souteyrand,
• Yann Chevolot and
• Jean-Pierre Cloarec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2272–2277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.233

• martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France 10.3762/bjnano.6.233 Abstract Single-step orthogonal chemical functionalization procedures have been developed with patterned gold on silica surfaces. Different combinations of a silane and a thiol were simultaneously deposited on a gold/silica heterogeneous substrate. The

• orthogonality of the functionalization (i.e., selective grafting of the thiol on the gold areas and the silane on the silica) was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF–SIMS) mapping. The orthogonal functionalization was used to

• Discussion Micropatterned gold on a silica substrate (with features of ≈100 µm) functionalized with either (1) 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanethiol and 2-[methoxy(polyethyleneoxy)propyl]trimethoxysilane (F-thiol + PEG/Si) or (2) trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane and 11-mercapto-1-undecanoic acid (F

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• that were tethered with a β-cyclodextrin/ferrocene inclusion complex as a transducing system. Connection between gold and the ferrocene host was achieved thanks to a thiol terminal group [13]. The ferrocene complex acted as an electron shuttle allowing for glucose oxidation at low potentials. Li et al

Imaging of carbon nanomembranes with helium ion microscopy

• André Beyer,
• Henning Vieker,
• Robin Klett,
• Hanno Meyer zu Theenhausen,
• Polina Angelova and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1712–1720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.175

• -thiol (BPT); (c) S,S'-(3',4',5',6'-tetraphenyl-[1,1':2',1''-terphenyl]-4,4''-diyl) diethanethioate (HPB); (d) naphtalene-2-thiol (NPTH); (e) 2-bromo-11-(1’-[4’-(S-acetylthiomethyl)phenyl]acetyl)-5,8,14,17-tetra(3’,7’-dimethyloctyl)-hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC-Br). The CNMs in the presented figures

Conductance through single biphenyl molecules: symmetric and asymmetric coupling to electrodes

• Karthiga Kanthasamy and
• Herbert Pfnür

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1690–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.171

• groups like amine, nitro, nitrile, carboxy, iso cyanate, pyridine. The electron donating group leads to higher conductance while electron withdrawing groups have a smaller conductance. The Au–S thiol is a well known anchoring group due strong covalent bond coupling [15]. The iso cyano group has been

• of the asymmetric molecule with one thiol and one carbonitrile end group. This choice is motivated by two effects: Firstly, the interaction between thiol and gold electrodes is stronger than for the carbonitrile group [19]. Secondly, coupled with the details of bond formation is the fact that these

• two end groups have an opposite effect on the level alignment of the highest occupied (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied (LUMO) molecular levels [19][40]. While thiol tends to pull the HOMO up by shifting a small amount of charge to the molecule, the cyano group has the opposite effect. These properties may

Electrical properties and mechanical stability of anchoring groups for single-molecule electronics

• Riccardo Frisenda,
• Simge Tarkuç,
• Elena Galán,
• Mickael L. Perrin,
• Rienk Eelkema,
• Ferdinand C. Grozema and
• Herre S. J. van der Zant

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1558–1567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.159

• mechanically controlled break junction (MCBJ) technique. The four molecules studied share the same core structure, namely oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE3), while having different aurophilic anchoring groups: thiol (SAc), methyl sulfide (SMe), pyridyl (Py) and amine (NH2). The focus of this paper is on the

• combined characterization of the electrical and mechanical properties determined by the anchoring groups. From conductance histograms we find that thiol anchored molecules provide the highest conductance; a single-level model fit to current–voltage characteristics suggests that SAc groups exhibit a higher

• -molecule junctions are formed if thiol (SH), methyl sulfide (SMe), pyridyl (Py) and amine (NH2), groups are used as anchoring groups [16][28][29][30]. In a comparative study Hong et al. [20], found that the low-bias conductance follows the trend SH > NH2> Py > CN by comparing a series of tolanes anchored