Spontaneous shape transition of Mn_xGe_1−x islands to long nanowires

• S. Javad Rezvani,
• Luc Favre,
• Gabriele Giuli,
• Yiming Wubulikasimu,
• Isabelle Berbezier,
• Augusto Marcelli,
• Luca Boarino and
• Nicola Pinto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 366–374, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.30

• best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the spontaneous growth of MnxGe1−x NWs that do not result from seeded growth and/or phase transformation. Considering all the features of the NWs observed here, we suggest that they are formed by a two-step process. First, the growth of 3D islands to

Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Florin Garoi and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 354–365, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.29

• properties. Transparent oxides are an attractive class of plasmonic materials which are under intense study for their integration into low-loss metamaterial structures and a series of applications in transformation optics, sensors, and imaging. Here we used oxide thin films and studied their optical

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• . There was an increase in temperature to 52 °C and 45 °C, respectively. In contrast, no significant change in temperature was observed when water was exposed to the same laser irradiation (Figure 3b). This confirmed the light–heat transformation through the GNRs. This hyperthermic effect mediated by GNRs

Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Sahar Pourhoseini,
• Reilly T. Enos,
• Angela E. Murphy,
• Bo Cai and
• Jamie R. Lead

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23

• human cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)). AgNPs were synthesized in-house and characterized using a multimethod approach. Results indicated the transformation of NPs in RPMI medium with a change in size and polydispersity over 24 h of exposure due to dissolution and reprecipitation. No

• is possible that the number of monocytes in the blood of different individuals could be elevated due to potential chronic inflammatory diseases or viral infection. The transformation of AgNPs to Ag ions may cause toxicity that is referred to as Trojan Horse mechanism, that is, AgNPs act as a carrier

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• in a layered trapezoidal shape along two directions. The Yoshimura fold has a 3D transformation in a spring-like form, which is promising to be explored in different applications. The waterbomb fold is also a basic 2D compression fold used to create unique geometries; yet they are difficult to apply

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• alternatives to metal oxides are two-dimensional (2D) MXenes. Their properties include environmental sustainability, lamellar structure, high transformation efficiency, high surface hydrophilicity, and good electrical conductivity [14]. Therefore, in the following section we discuss the main properties of

Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite nanoparticles in multiwall carbon nanotubes

• Saja Al-Khabouri,
• Salim Al-Harthi,
• Toru Maekawa,
• Mohamed E. Elzain,
• Ashraf Al-Hinai,
• Ahmed D. Al-Rawas,
• Abbsher M. Gismelseed,
• Ali A. Yousif and
• Myo Tay Zar Myint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1891–1904, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.170

• second peak is mainly from the sp3 carbon [42] (Figure 8b). The evaluation of the sp2/sp3 ratio shows that there is a 1% higher transformation of sp2-hybridized to sp3-hybridized carbon in MnFe2O4/MWCNTs compared to the as-prepared samples. Thus, it is assumed that there is negligible damage to the tubes

Molecular dynamics modeling of the influence forming process parameters on the structure and morphology of a superconducting spin valve

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Roman Morari and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1776–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.160

• coordination number and are characterized by a denser packing of atoms. The described regions arise in sufficiently thick films mainly near cobalt layers. The initial metal crystal lattice mismatch causes mutual rearrangements of atoms and structure transformation inside the material. The next series of

• thickened niobium layer, crystallization zones are observed where direct contact with the cobalt nanolayer occurs. The crystal lattice mismatch of the starting metals causes mutual rearrangements of atoms and the structure transformation inside the nanosystem. It was also found that a decrease in the area

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

• Serguei Chiriaev,
• Luciana Tavares,
• Vadzim Adashkevich,
• Arkadiusz J. Goszczak and
• Horst-Günter Rubahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1693–1703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.151

• transformation and volume shrinkage of PMMA under ion irradiation have been reported in several publications [6][7][9][10][11][12][13]. PC is the second most sold thermoplastic polymer. It is extensively used in microtechnology due to its excellent optical, mechanical, and chemical properties [14]. Compared to

• cutting a piece of the PDMS polymer from a bulk sample. In contrast, the irradiation of a pristine PDMS surface of this sample resulted in material compacting. The authors explained that this difference was due to mechanical stress in the cut surface. Other important aspects of the transformation of the

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• the low earth orbit (LEO) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Silver degradation related to this phenomenon was attributed to the strong chemical reaction between silver and atomic oxygen present in the LEO resulting in the transformation of the metallic silver into highly stressed and nanoporous silver

• residual stress. The repeated oxidation and cracking events result in the transformation of the metallic silver into nanoporous silver oxide when it reaches the surface of the film. In parallel to the oxidation reaction, silver keeps diffusing from the alloy film toward the surface, feeding the metallic

• oxidation process. This phase separation led to the transformation of the Au/Ag alloy film into a gold-enriched nanoporous film. Based on the experimental results a mechanism was proposed to explain the entire oxidation process of Au/Ag alloy films by oxygen plasma, involving silver oxidation by atomic

Atomic defect classification of the H–Si(100) surface through multi-mode scanning probe microscopy

• Jeremiah Croshaw,
• Thomas Dienel,
• Taleana Huff and
• Robert Wolkow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1346–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.119

• defect which remains in the subsequent empty states images (compare Figure 5c,f,i to the first scans in Figure 5a,d,g). Importantly, we observe the complete absence of a charged species after the transformation and a replacement with the neutral point defect. The change in contrast of the AFM image of

Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point on a Casson nanofluid flow over a radially stretching sheet

• Ganji Narender,
• Kamatam Govardhan and
• Gobburu Sreedhar Sarma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.114

• written as The transformed boundary conditions are and the dimensionless parameters are defined as The formulas for the dimensional form of the skin-friction coefficient Cf, the Nusselt number Nu, and Sherwood number Sh, are given by and the formulas for τw, qw, and qm are The result of the transformation

Magnetic-field-assisted synthesis of anisotropic iron oxide particles: Effect of pH

• Andrey V. Shibaev,
• Petr V. Shvets,
• Darya E. Kessel,
• Roman A. Kamyshinsky,
• Anton S. Orekhov,
• Sergey S. Abramchuk,
• Alexei R. Khokhlov and
• Olga E. Philippova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1230–1241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.107

• transformation into magnetite. The reaction pathway was strongly dependent on R and also on the rate in which the base was added. At the same time, the effect of pH on the templated directional synthesis of iron oxide as well as the formation of nanorods within this context are yet to be determined. In this work

Gas sorption porosimetry for the evaluation of hard carbons as anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

• Yuko Matsukawa,
• Fabian Linsenmann,
• Maximilian A. Plass,
• George Hasegawa,
• Katsuro Hayashi and
• Tim-Patrick Fellinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.106

• weight of Na), the lower volumetric energy density (because of the need for the less dense disordered carbons), as well as the more complicated storage mechanism complicate the commercialization SIBs. With the current strong interest in electromotive driving and the transformation of the energy grid to

Revealing the local crystallinity of single silicon core–shell nanowires using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Marius van den Berg,
• Ardeshir Moeinian,
• Arne Kobald,
• Yu-Ting Chen,
• Anke Horneber,
• Steffen Strehle,
• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1147–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.99

• oriented crystalline grains. b) The fast Fourier transformation image of the indicated area in panel a. c) TEM image showing a migrated metal particle on a SiNW. d) TEM image of a Pt-catalyzed core–shell SiNW showing the morphology of the junction between SiNW core and shell. e) Pt silicide catalyst and

Excitonic and electronic transitions in Me–Sb₂Se₃ structures

• Nicolae N. Syrbu,
• Victor V. Zalamai,
• Ivan G. Stamov and
• Stepan I. Beril

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1045–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.89

• ) Transformation from the tetrahedral to orthorhombic symmetry due to the spin–orbit interaction and the crystal field in the center of the Brillouin zone. Figure 7B adapted with permission from [24], copyright 2020 Elsevier. The reflection spectra of the Sb2Se3 crystals measured at room temperature under Е||с and

Band tail state related photoluminescence and photoresponse of ZnMgO solid solution nanostructured films

• Vadim Morari,
• Aida Pantazi,
• Nicolai Curmei,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Emil V. Rusu,
• Marius Enachescu,
• Ion M. Tiginyanu and
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 899–910, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.75

• unavoidable in the structure transformation process, in a certain interval of Mg concentrations. The phase segregation process was investigated in detail by means of X-ray diffraction, element-specific near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force

Effect of Ag loading position on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ nanocolumn arrays

• Jinghan Xu,
• Yanqi Liu and
• Yan Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 717–728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.59

• addition, since the chemical transformation of MB molecules occurs at the Ag–TiO2 interface, Ag is more easily oxidized, which damages the long-term stability of the Ag–TiO2 heterojunctions [46]. Taken together, these factors can explain the difference of catalytic efficiency between AFT and ACT

Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach

• Edgar Cruz Valeriano,
• José Juan Gervacio Arciniega,
• Christian Iván Enriquez Flores,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Joel Moreno Palmerin,
• Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde,
• Yuri Lizbeth Chipatecua Godoy,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta,
• Rafael Ramírez Bon and
• José Martín Yañez Limón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 703–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.58

• experiment to show the capabilities of this technique. First, the geometrical parameters for the experimental cantilever must be known because the resonance frequency transformation into the indentation modulus requires these values. For this purpose, a resonance frequency spectrum was acquired for a free

• these contact resonance frequencies. It is important to notice that a set of resonance frequencies can provide a unique value for contact stiffness according to Equation 27 in a quantitative way. For this purpose, a mapping transformation from resonance frequencies to contact stiffness was obtained

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• boiling point solvent 2-butanone using probe sonication, resulted in a concentration of 0.57 mg·mL−1 and a yield of 5.7%, which are the highest values reported to date. Additionally, the MoO3 dispersions in 2-butanone do not undergo any chemical transformation when exposed to sunlight. Composites of the

Examination of the relationship between viscoelastic properties and the invasion of ovarian cancer cells by atomic force microscopy

• Mengdan Chen,
• Jinshu Zeng,
• Weiwei Ruan,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Shusen Xie,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 568–582, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.45

• light on the biomechanical changes for early diagnosis of tumor transformation and progression at single-cell level. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM); cancer invasion; cancer migration; ovarian cancer cells; viscoelasticity; Introduction Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological malignancy with

• of cancer and the change of mechanical properties of the cells has been discovered in the last decades [4][5]. Mechanical properties used to determine the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of cells are strongly associated with cell transformation, migration and invasion [6]. Therefore, diseased

• microfilament skeleton [16]. Therefore, the rearrangement of microfilament skeleton is crucial for cell motility and contributes largely to elasticity changes of the cells, when the cytoskeleton structure changes from a more organized to a disordered form with the transformation from benign to malignant [17][18

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• or a redox initiated approach. The most studied is the azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction due to the high regioselectivity and quantitative transformation with no side reactions. The detailed description of these methods can be found in a recent review by Such et al. [90]. The first application in

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• pulse duration was set to 2.5 fs, thus it contained all frequencies within the visible light range. This allowed for the use of discrete Fourier transformation for switching from the time domain to the frequency domain and calculating the spectral response of the sample. Also, the Mie theory [18] was

Brome mosaic virus-like particles as siRNA nanocarriers for biomedical purposes

• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Pierrick G. J. Fournier,
• Danna L. Arellano,
• Ana G. Rodriguez-Hernandez,
• Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 372–382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.28

• (Figure 4C), corroborating the cargo release from BMV VLP inside tumor cells and gene silencing. BMV VLPs as siAkt1 nanocarriers The anti-cancer siRNA Akt1 (siAkt1) was also encapsidated in BVM-VLPs (Figure 4B). Akt1 is a kinase involved in the processes of cell proliferation, migration and transformation

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• nanometer-sized voids. For the pitch-based porous carbon the average pore size is ca. 7 nm, corresponding well to Ar physisorption analysis. Since SANS probes accessible and inaccessible voids, all mesopores are thus accessible. The pitch precursor exhibits a phase transformation during carbonization at