Ultrathin hydrophobic films based on the metal organic framework UiO-66-COOH(Zr)

• Miguel A. Andrés,
• Clemence Sicard,
• Christian Serre,
• Olivier Roubeau and
• Ignacio Gascón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 654–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.65

• in previous studies with other MOF [26] and zinc imidazolate frameworks [44] and can be explained by the limitation of the MOF activation conditions in our experimental setup (80 °C and atmospheric pressure). It can also be observed that the CO2 adsorption capacity of the pure UiO-66-COOH(Zr) film is

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• gas phase. ALD was initially developed for production of thin films of zinc sulphide [10], and since its introduction in the 1970s, it has expanded to include a wide range of materials, including organic–inorganic hybrid compounds. In both ALD and MLD, the precursors are introduced onto the surface of

Geometrical optimisation of core–shell nanowire arrays for enhanced absorption in thin crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells

• Robin Vismara,
• Olindo Isabella,
• Andrea Ingenito,
• Fai Tong Si and
• Miro Zeman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 322–331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.31

• . Multiple studies of nanowire solar cells can be found in literature, using different materials: indium phosphide [18][19], gallium arsenide [20][21], zinc oxide [15][22], crystalline silicon [6][8][11][12][13][16][17][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], amorphous silicon alloys [35][36][37

Site-specific growth of oriented ZnO nanocrystal arrays

• Rekha Bai,
• Dinesh K. Pandya,
• Sujeet Chaudhary,
• Veer Dhaka,
• Vladislav Khayrudinov,
• Jori Lemettinen,
• Christoffer Kauppinen and
• Harri Lipsanen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 274–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.26

• ; growth kinetics; nanocrystals; nucleation; twinning; zinc oxide; Introduction Metal oxide semiconductor nanostructures are quite interesting not only in terms of the basic growth mechanism involved in their fabrication, but also due to the large number of applications based on them in the field of

• crystals forming the twin are almost of same dimensions, L and D. The obvious question is what gives rise to twin formation. The twin growth can be understood as follows. ZnO crystal structure consists of hexagonally close packed oxygen and zinc atoms. ZnO crystals consists of a top tetrahedron corner

• -exposed polar zinc (0001) face, six symmetric non-polar {} planes parallel to the [0001] direction, and a basal polar oxygen () face [17]. It is well known that the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO has two polar planes (0001) and (), which have high surface energy that can absorb new small particles to reduce its

Removal of toxic heavy metals from river water samples using a porous silica surface modified with a new β-ketoenolic host

• Said Tighadouini,
• Smaail Radi,
• Abderrahman Elidrissi,
• Khadija Haboubi,
• Maryse Bacquet,
• Stéphanie Degoutin,
• Mustapha Zaghrioui and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 262–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.25

• known to cause health problems even at low concentrations in living systems [3][4][5]. Among these toxic metals included on the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA’s) list of priority pollutants, zinc, lead, cadmium and copper are considered as the most hazardous. Solutions to remove heavy metals

• , zinc and copper metal ions from aqueous solutions as well as in natural water samples. Experimental Synthesis Solvents and chemicals, used without further purification, were of analytical grade (Aldrich, 99.5% purity). Silica gel (particle size of 70–230 mesh, median pore diameter of 60 Å) (E. Merck

• metal ions studied is in the order Zn(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II) > Cu(II). This result is interesting because of the negative influence of zinc on rivers. For example, in Norway, zinc has been found in salmon [68] at concentrations that can kill fish and alter their physiology [69]. Since salmon is a common

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

• Yevhenii Havryliuk,
• Oleksandr Selyshchev,
• Mykhailo Valakh,
• Alexandra Raevskaya,
• Oleksandr Stroyuk,
• Constance Schmidt,
• Volodymyr Dzhagan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 222–227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.20

• dependence of the formation on the film thickness are also investigated. Importantly, no inert atmosphere for the FLA treatment of the NCs is required, which makes this technology even more suitable for mass production, in particular for printed thin films on flexible substrates. Keywords: copper zinc tin

New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water

• Emmanuel I. Unuabonah,
• Robert Nöske,
• Jens Weber,
• Christina Günter and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11

• from an amorphous or less crystalline (impurity) phase [41]. Overall the XRD and solid-state NMR data support the FTIR spectroscopy spectra in that all methods detect some chemical changes in the zinc-based HYCA materials compared to the starting materials, thus confirming the formation of a real

• with a much lower efficiency. This finding suggests that the presence of Zn2+ in the composite material directly affects E. coli removal from solution, likely because zinc has antibacterial properties. Although the precise functional mechanism is unknown, it has been suggested that Zn-doped materials

• . The preparation is simple, and the resulting nanocomposite material is micro/mesoporous, unlike the initial hybrid clay material prepared in our previous study [1]. The new micro/mesoporous material is efficient for the removal of 4-nitrophenol and E. coli from drinking water. Zinc may not be

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• -dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC, 99%), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHs, 99%), cadmium chlorideanhydrous (CdCl2, 99.999%), selenium powder (Se, 99.8%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99.99%), and zinc chloride anhydrous were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium sulphide (Na2S, 60–63%) was purchased from Acros Organics

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• [17]. Highly conductive films based on amorphous Co-doped SnO2 were also synthesized using a pulsed spray evaporation chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique [18]. One of the most reported cationic dopants for tin oxide is Zn2+, where the obtained zinc-doped tin oxide (ZTO) films show lower bandgap

• radii (0.74 Å for Zn2+ and 0.71 Å for Sn4+ [21]) and thus each zinc ion replaces a tin ion accompanied by the appearance of an oxygen vacancy (equivalent with two holes) to maintain the crystal electrical neutrality. Moreover, it was hypothesized that part of the zinc ions can also occupy the

• interstitial sites in the SnO2 lattice, as reported for the Zn-doped SnO2 nanoparticles obtained by the microwave solvothermal process, where a highly nonlinear relation was found between the zinc atomic doping percent and bandgap values [21]. Another strategy for improving the properties of tin oxide consists

Electrolyte tuning in dye-sensitized solar cells with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) iron(II) sensitizers

• Mariia Karpacheva,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Edwin C. Constable

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3069–3078, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.285

• realized with ruthenium-based [2], zinc(II) porphyrin-based [5][6][7][8][9] or metal-free organic dyes [10][11][12]. In a recent review [2], Nazeeruddin points to the fact that only incremental enhancements of the photoconversion efficiencies of ruthenium dyes have occurred during the last two decades

• the first row d-block metals, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc have Earth-crustal abundances of ≈41,000, 20, 80, 50 and 75 ppm, respectively. We and others [16][17][18][19] have realized the potential of DSCs sensitized by bis(diimine)copper(I) complexes, and both we [20] and Dragonetti et al

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• achieved at all [19][20]. Metal-oxide semiconductors (MOS), including tin oxide (SnO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), tungsten oxide (WO3), indium oxide (In2O3), ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) are important materials for gas sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26

Variation of the photoluminescence spectrum of InAs/GaAs heterostructures grown by ion-beam deposition

• Alexander S. Pashchenko,
• Leonid S. Lunin,
• Eleonora M. Danilina and
• Sergei N. Chebotarev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2794–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.261

• crystal lattice should be a zinc blende lattice. Therefore, a diffraction maximum corresponding to the GaAs(004) lattice planes was measured. This is due to its high structure factor, which governs the maximum diffraction intensity. In Figure 3a, two main peaks are identified: a sharp peak of high

Near-infrared light harvesting of upconverting NaYF₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺-based amorphous silicon solar cells investigated by an optical filter

• Daiming Liu,
• Qingkang Wang and
• Qing Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2788–2793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.260

• prepared (Figure 3a). One a-Si:H layer of ca. 350 nm is sandwiched between two aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) contacts. The thickness of the AZO contacts is approximately 1.5 μm. From Figure 3b, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the a-Si:H solar cell is calculated to be 6.68% at the maximum power

Oriented zinc oxide nanorods: A novel saturable absorber for lasers in the near-infrared

• Pavel Loiko,
• Tanujjal Bora,
• Josep Maria Serres,
• Haohai Yu,
• Magdalena Aguiló,
• Francesc Díaz,
• Uwe Griebner,
• Valentin Petrov,
• Xavier Mateos and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2730–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.255

• , Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, SE-164 40 Kista Stockholm, Sweden 10.3762/bjnano.9.255 Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) oriented along the crystallographic [001] axis are grown by the hydrothermal method on glass

• substrates. The ZnO NRs exhibit a broadband (1–2 µm) near-IR absorption ascribed to the singly charged zinc vacancy VZn−1. The saturable absorption of the ZnO NRs is studied at ≈1 µm under picosecond excitation, revealing a low saturation intensity, ≈10 kW/cm2, and high fraction of the saturable losses. The

• nanorods; Q-switching; saturable absorption; solid-state lasers; zinc oxide; Introduction Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a well-known II–IV group wide-bandgap semiconductor (Eg = 3.37 eV), possessing a hexagonal wurtzite-type (sp. gr. P63mc) structure with unit cell parameters a = 3.25 Å, c = 5.20 Å. In recent years

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

• Nima Khoshsirat,
• Fawad Ali,
• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• Mojtaba Amjadipour,
• Hongxia Wang,
• Mahnaz Shafiei and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2700–2707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.252

• chromium (Cr) adhesion layer is used as the back contact for a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin-film solar cell on a SLG substrate. DC magnetron sputtering is used for deposition of Mo and Cr films. The conductivity of Mo/Cr bilayer films, their microstructure and surface morphology are studied at

Exploring the photoleakage current and photoinduced negative bias instability in amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors with various active layer thicknesses

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2573–2580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.239

• to their outstanding properties such as high electron mobility, good transparency to visible light, and low process temperature with good uniformity [1][2][3][4]. Among the numerous AOS materials, indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) is one of the most promising candidates used as the active layer

High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• that inclusions can emerge with two types of crystal structure. The magnetic properties of MnAs inclusions with zinc blende type and hexagonal lattices are substantially different. The actual application of GaAs:MnAs materials is restricted by this fact. A second recently studied nanocomposite system

ZnO-nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor: Effect of nanostructure morphology on the sensing of heavy metal ions

• Marina Krasovska,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Irena Mihailova,
• Andrejs Ogurcovs,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Andrejs Gerbreders and
• Pavels Sarajevs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2421–2431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.227

• with a ZnO seed layer in order to provide adhesion of the nanostructured ZnO film to the glass surface, as well as epitaxial growth and the vertical alignment of nanostructures. It was prepared by dip coating using 5 mM zinc acetate (Zn(O2CCH3)2) solution in ethanol. The seed layer film was dried in a

• stream of dry nitrogen and thermally treated at 350 °C for 30 min in air, such that zinc acetate was completely converted into zinc oxide. Subsequently, the samples were slowly cooled to room temperature. The nanostructured layer of the electrode was obtained by the hydrothermal synthesis method using an

• aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O; 99% purity) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA; C6H12N4; 99% purity), where zinc nitrate is used as a source of Zn+ ions; however, HMTA acts as a pH buffer by slowly releasing OH− ions. The decomposition rate of HMTA increases with the temperature

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• ], Co3O4 [113][114], iron oxide (Fe2O3) [115][116], tin dioxide (SnO2) [76][117][118][119][120][121][122][123], zinc oxide (ZnO) [124][125][126][127][128][129][130], and indium oxide (In2O3) [78][80][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138]. Table S2 in Supporting Information File 1 summarizes the sensing

Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Maria Moros,
• Claudia Tortiglione,
• Serena Bertoldi,
• Nicola Contessi,
• Silvia Faré,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Agnese D’Agostino,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2040–2048, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.193

• studies have reported the preparation and the antibacterial efficacy of PVA films containing plant extracts, silver nanoparticles or zinc oxide nanoparticles [17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, when bacteria start to form biofilms they become resistant and conventional antibiotics do not eradicate biofilms

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• ]. In 2015, Zhang and co-workers synthesized a carbon foam co-doped with nitrogen and phosphorous, which was the first bifunctional electrocatalyst for both ORR and OER [49] for high-performance rechargeable zinc-air batteries. The same material was used by Xue et al. as a counter electrode in dye

Nonlinear effect of carrier drift on the performance of an n-type ZnO nanowire nanogenerator by coupling piezoelectric effect and semiconduction

• Yuxing Liang,
• Shuaiqi Fan,
• Xuedong Chen and
• Yuantai Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1917–1925, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.183

• -axis; piezoelectric potential; semiconductor; zinc oxide (ZnO); Introduction An acoustic wave propagating in piezoelectric semiconductors usually stimulates electric fields that bring charge carriers into motion, and conversely, the carrier motion will produce an opposite effect on the electric fields

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO@NCNT) were prepared via a sol–gel route as sulfur encapsulator for lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries. The electrochemical properties of the S/ZnO@NCNT composite cathode were evaluated in Li/S batteries. It delivered an initial capacity of 1032

• providing pathways for ion and electron transport. The as-prepared S/ZnO@NCNT composite is a promising cathode material for Li/S batteries. Keywords: batteries; nanocomposites; sol–gel processes; sulfur; zinc oxide (ZnO); Introduction Due to its high theoretical specific capacity of 1672 mAh·g−1 and

• this work, we synthesized nanocomposites of zinc oxide-coated nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes with sulfur (S/ZnO@NCNT). ZnO was chosen because it is cheap, non-toxic and stable [14][15]. More importantly, ZnO demonstrates a strong affinity to polysulfides. In addition, NCNT was used due to its good

Light extraction efficiency enhancement of flip-chip blue light-emitting diodes by anodic aluminum oxide

• Yi-Ru Huang,
• Yao-Ching Chiu,
• Kuan-Chieh Huang,
• Shao-Ying Ting,
• Po-Jui Chiang,
• Chih-Ming Lai,
• Chun-Ping Jen,
• Snow H. Tseng and
• Hsiang-Chen Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1602–1612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.152

• with Ga-doped zinc oxide (GZO)/GaN as the base layer and then reducing the total reflectivity by changing the shape, thickness, and density of the microstructure through dry etching [12]. Li et al. increased the LEE of an InGaN-monolayer quantum-well LED by 1.8–1.9 times relative to that of a

Room-temperature single-photon emitters in titanium dioxide optical defects

• Kelvin Chung,
• Yu H. Leung,
• Chap H. To,
• Aleksandra B. Djurišić and
• Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1085–1094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.100

• types of single-photon emitters that include molecules [3], trapped atoms [4], quantum dots [5] and defects in diamond [6]. More recently point defects of wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as zinc oxide (ZnO) [7][8][9] and silicon carbide [10], were shown to exhibit room-temperature single-photon