Table of Contents |
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240 | Full Research Paper |
10 | Letter |
21 | Review |
7 | Editorial |
1 | Commentary |
1 | Correction |
Figure 1: FE-SEM images of NiO nanowires at different magnifications (top), SnO2 nanowires (middle) and ZnO n...
Figure 2: Raman spectrum of NiO nanowires deposited on alumina substrate measured in ambient air at room temp...
Figure 3: Raman spectrum of SnO2 nanowires deposited on alumina substrate measured in ambient air at room tem...
Figure 4: Raman spectrum of ZnO nanowires deposited on alumina substrates measured in ambient air at room tem...
Figure 5: SEM picture of WO3 nanowires on alumina substrate.
Figure 6: Raman spectrum performed on WO3 nanowire deposited on alumina substrate measured in ambient air at ...
Figure 7: SEM images of Nb2O5 nanoflowers at 25k (left) and 75k (right) magnification level.
Figure 8: Raman spectrum of Nb2O5 nanoflowers deposited on alumina substrate measured in ambient air at room ...
Figure 9: Dynamic response of NiO and Nb2O5 sensing devices towards (a) (CO; 50 ppm, NiO (300 °C) and Nb2O5 (...
Figure 10: Sensor response towards 50 ppm of CO (left) and 1 ppm of NO2 (right) as a function of the temperatu...
Figure 11: Calibration curves and power-law fitting for CO (left) and NO2 (right). The relative humidity was k...
Figure 12: Principal component analysis (PCA) score plot for drinking water (blue and green dots) and a soluti...
Figure 13: Content of VOCs over seven days of analysis.
Figure 14: Growth of 1D structures by evaporation–condensation.
Figure 15: Flow chart describing the synthesis process of tungsten oxide nanowires.
Figure 16: Flow chart describing the synthesis process for niobium oxide nanostructures by hydrothermal treatm...
Figure 1: The concentration-dependent effect of QDs on the viability of MSCs. Viability was measured by a col...
Figure 2: Evaluation of the optimal QD uptake conditions in skin MSCs. Time-dependent (a) and concentration-d...
Figure 3: The release of QDs from MSCs. (a) QD loss in complete medium (FBS +) and serum-free medium (FBS −) ...
Figure 4: Representative data on the impact of QDs on immunophenotype and proliferation of MSCs. (a) Characte...
Figure 5: Differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes. Oil Red O staining of cells i...
Figure 6: Quantification of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in MSCs. Absorbance of Alizarin Red S (a) and Alc...
Figure 7: QD endocytic pathway in MSCs. QD uptake pathway in MSCs labelled with QDs in complete medium (a) or...
Figure 8: QD co-localization with endosomal compartments. Three overlaid channels represent the nucleus (blue...
Figure 1: SEM images of the fabrication sequence of an array of hollow, closed, Al nanocages. a) SU-8 resist ...
Figure 2: SEM image of hollow, closed, cylindrical nanocages made of thin-walled Al after an intentional scra...
Figure 3: a) Experimental reflectance spectra of a SU-8 nanopillar array fabricated on an Al-coated Si substr...
Figure 4: Calculated Ex-field (right) and Hy-field (left) distributions at λ = 700 nm (reflectance peak) in t...
Figure 5: a) Reflectance of hollow, closed, Al nanopillar arrays for different superstrate media: air, methan...
Figure 6: Cross-section of the modelled hollow nanopillar array unit cell. White, blue and red regions corres...
Figure 1: Strategies for immunofluorescence labelling. A fluorescent label (green) is conjugated to a seconda...
Figure 2: Specific labelling of fibronectin with Qdots. Fixed rat mammary (Rama) 27 fibroblasts were dual lab...
Figure 3: Specific labelling of tubulin with Qdots. Methanol-fixed HeLa cells were labelled indirectly with a...
Figure 4: Non-specific labelling of talin with Qdots. Fixed HeLa cells were dual labelled with green Alexa Fl...
Figure 5: Non-specific labelling of SC35 with Qdots. Fixed HeLa cells were dual labelled with green Alexa Flu...
Figure 6: Partial labelling of HIF2α with Qdot-Streptavidin. Fixed HeLa cells were transfected with EGFP-HIF2...
Figure 7: Qdot-Abs are unable to access the cell nucleus. Fixed HeLa cells were transfected with unconjugated...
Figure 8: Immunofluorescence protocol. The pink boxes show the method for use with a primary antibody and Qdo...
Figure 1: Polymer structures via masked deposition: polypyrrole nanotubes by deposition using aluminum oxide ...
Figure 2: Formation of patterned polymer coatings by selective deposition strategies: a) spatially selective ...
Figure 3: Variation of the polymer structure induced by the substrate: (A) polymer film formed when the sprea...
Figure 4: Polymer structures created via introduction of a porogen during the deposition process: the images ...
Figure 5: Polymer structures via oblique angle polymerization: by manipulating the substrate rotation during ...
Figure 1: TEM images of the ferrite nanoparticles: A) Fe3O4, B) Co0.5Fe2.5O4, C) Mn0.5Fe2.5O4, D) Ni0.5Fe2.5O4...
Figure 2: EDX spectra of the studied ferrite nanoparticles.
Figure 3: X-ray spectra of ferrite nanoparticles.
Figure 4: Mössbauer spectra of various ferrite nanoparticles.
Figure 5: IR spectra of a) Fe3O4; b) Fe3O4 after surface phase change; c) Fe3O4 after modification with gluta...
Figure 6: IR spectra of biocomposites with Ni0.5F2.5O4 nanoparticles in the core and with different enzymes o...
Figure 7: IR spectra of biocomposites with Mn0.5Fe2.5O4 nanoparticles modified by glutaraldehyde and differen...
Figure 8: Schematic presentation of two types of biocomposite preparation: A) nanoparticles with glutaraldehy...
Figure 1: Chemical structure of the primary oxidation states of PANI in the undoped, base form. (a) Fully red...
Figure 2: (a) oCVD process highlighting important process parameters, including substrate temperature (Ts), f...
Figure 3: FTIR of as-deposited oCVD PANI films based on the experimental conditions in Table 1. Effect of (a) reacto...
Figure 4: FTIR of washed oCVD PANI films based on the experimental conditions in Table 1. Effect of (a) reactor pres...
Figure 5: Top-down SEM of (a) as-deposited, and (b) THF-washed oCVD PANI films. Scale bar is 200 nm.
Figure 6: High-resolution C1s and N1s XPS spectra of as-deposited (left) and washed (right) oCVD PANI films. ...
Figure 1: (a) Schematic picture of organic nanocrystal diode with rolled-up contact electrode. (b) Schematic ...
Figure 2: (a) I–V characteristics of three kinds of nanopyramid structures: pure VOPc (black), F16CuPc/VOPc (...
Figure 3: (a) Current–voltage characteristics of Au/F16CuPc/VOPc/F16CuPc/Au diode as a function of temperatur...
Scheme 1: Pre-synthesis modification steps of the Atto647N dye. Path A: The dye was modified with a cysteic a...
Figure 1: TEM images and size histograms of the Atto647N-doped silica nanoparticles. A: TEM image of FD15_Att...
Figure 2: Schematic synthetic procedures for the multistep preparation of dye-conjugated silica nanoparticles...
Figure 3: Calculated number of dye molecules per silica particle as a function of size (filled square) and re...
Figure 4: Comparison of the relative fluorescence intensity of FD15_Atto647N, Stoe15_Atto647N and CD_Atto647N...
Figure 5: Overview of the photostability measurements of free Atto647N, Stoe75_Atto647N, FD60_Atto647N and CD...
Figure 6: Confocal microscopic images of A549 cells exposed to 10 µg/mL FD25_Star635 (A) or FD25_Atto647N (B)...
Figure 1: Fabrication procedure of porous TiO2 nanofibers via ME-ES.
Figure 2: (a) TG and DTG curves of as-spun TiO2 nanofibers; surface SEM images after calcination of sample A2...
Figure 3: Representative XRD pattern of porous TiO2 nanofibers.
Figure 4: Surface SEM images of sample A1 (a), sample B1 (c), and sample C1 (e); cross-sectional SEM images o...
Figure 5: (a) Nitrogen adsorption–desorption curves of sample A2, sample B2, sample C2 and solid TiO2 nanofib...
Figure 6: Galvanostatic charge–discharge curves of sample A2 (a), sample B2 (b) and sample C2 (c) for the fir...
Figure 7: Comparison of cycling performance (a), coulombic efficiency (b) and rate capability (c) of sample A2...
Figure 1: Relative cellular viability of DU-145 cells treated with (a) 1.5 ng/mL DTX or (b) 0.3 µg/mL MMC in ...
Figure 2: (a) Cellular proliferation and (b) clonogenic survival rate of DU-145 cells following treatment wit...
Figure 3: Cell death rate of DU-145 cells following treatment with carbon nanomaterials and chemotherapeutics...
Figure 4: Exemplary flow cytometry analysis for cell death of DU-145 cells following treatment with carbon na...
Scheme 1: Synthesis of the three different coordination polymers [FeLeq(bpea)]n (1), [FeLeq(bpee)]n (2) and [...
Figure 1: Magnetic susceptibility data for the coordination polymers [FeLeq(bpea)]n (1) and [FeLeq(bpey)]n (3...
Figure 2: Characterisation of CP–BCP composite micelles. a) TEM picture of 3e ([FeLeq(bpey)]n@BCP, five cycle...
Figure 3: Characterisation of the magnetic properties of 1d and 3e Top: Mössbauer spectra of 1d (left) and 3e...
Figure 1: Particle size distribution in miniemulsion polymerization of MMA/BA/HEMA in the presence of various...
Figure 2: Conversion vs time curves for the MMA/BA/HEMA miniemulsion polymerizations with different MWCNT con...
Figure 3: SEM images of the fractured surface of films made of MMA/BA/HEMA/MWCNT in situ hybrid latexes at di...
Figure 4: (a) Storage modulus and (b) loss modulus of the films made of MMA/BA/HEMA/air-sonicated MWCNT.
Figure 5: Stress–strain behavior of MWCNT/polymer composites (a) at 25 ºC and (b) at 60 ºC.
Figure 1: Optimized crystal structures of the following two-dimensional systems: a) phosphorene b) CS, CSe, C...
Figure 2: Phonon dispersion curves for the two-dimensional carbon and silicon monochalcogenides introduced in...
Figure 3: Band structures computed at the HSE level of theory for the two-dimensional carbon and silicon mono...
Figure 1: Dispersion relations for the phonon modes of single-layer graphene (left) and MoS2 (right), from DF...
Figure 2: Dispersion relations for the coupled ux–uz acoustic phonon modes of single-layer graphene. The righ...
Figure 3: Dispersion relation for the optical phonon modes of single-layer graphene.
Figure 4:
Dispersion relations for the coupled ux–uz– phonon modes of single-layer MoS2. The right plot is a ...
Figure 1: (a) STM topographic images (Ubias = −1.0 V, I = 1.08 nA) and corresponding low-energy electron diff...
Figure 2: Raman spectra of the various structures obtained upon Si deposition at room temperature RT, 220, 25...
Figure 3: (a) Raman spectra recorded on samples after Si deposition at room temperature with coverages of 1 M...
Figure 4: Fitted Raman spectra of silicene-related structures: dominant (3times3)/(4×4) (epitaxial silicene) ...
Figure 5: (a) LEED pattern of the sample prepared at 280 °C. The integer-order diffraction spots of Ag(111) a...
Figure 6: Reduced phase diagram of Si structures that can be grown on the Ag(111) surface at various depositi...
Figure 1: A scheme of creating surface patterns/structures on flat substrates that are modified by vapor-depo...
Figure 2: Schematic illustration of creating surface patterns/structures on substrates vapor-coated with poly...
Figure 3: Schematic illustration of creating chemically and topographically defined interfaces with multifunc...
Figure 4: Schematic illustration of creating chemically and topographically defined interfaces with multifunc...
Scheme 1: Structure of the dinuclear complexes [M2L(μ-L’)](ClO4) and representation of the structure of compl...
Figure 1: Ambidentate ligands with soft (–SH, –PPh2) and hard (–CO2H) donor functions.
Scheme 2: Synthesis of the complexes 6–8 (the doubly deprotonated macrocycle H2L is represented as an ellipse...
Figure 2: ORTEP (left) and van der Waals representations (right) of the molecular structure of the [Ni2L(O2C(...
Figure 3: Ball and stick (left) and van der Waals representations (right) of the molecular structure of the [...
Figure 4: Temperature dependence of the effective magnetic moment μeff (per dinuclear complex) for 7 (open tr...
Figure 5: AFM topography characteristics considering a 1 × 1 μm2 area, after deposition of [Ni2L(HL5)](ClO4) (...
Figure 6: Proposed binding mode of complex 7 to gold (left: van der Waals representation of the [Ni2L(L5)]+ c...
Figure 1: a) STM topography image of pentacene on h-BN (U = −1 V, I = 50 pA). b) Large-scale STM topography i...
Figure 2: STS of pentacene on h-BN/Rh(111) showing the resonances of the frontier molecular orbitals. The red...
Figure 3: Spatial mapping of the molecular orbitals of pentacene. a) At positive bias voltages (LUMO), b) ins...
Figure 4: Spatial mapping of the molecular orbitals of pentacene by employing an STM tip without (left) and w...
Figure 5: Hückel calculations of the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) of pentacene in the gas phas...
Figure 6: Energy-level diagram depicting the relations between Ea, Ei, Φ and the energies measured in STS for...
Figure 7: STS measurements of pentacene on various decoupling layers (see legend). In the case of Au(111) and...
Figure 8: Experimentally determined energies for Ea (red circles) and Ei (black squares) of pentacene versus ...
Figure 1: 50 nm and 150 nm SiO2-NP association with Caco-2 barriers. Caco-2 barriers cultured for 4 and 21 da...
Figure 2: Confocal fluorescence cross-section images of Caco-2 barriers exposed to 50 nm SiO2-NPs. Caco-2 bar...
Figure 3: Transmission electron micrographs of Caco-2 barriers after exposure to 50 nm SiO2-NPs. Caco-2 barri...
Figure 4: Transmission electron micrographs of Caco-2 barriers after exposure to 150 nm SiO2-NPs. Caco-2 barr...
Figure 1: (a) Time-domain example of an amplitude modulated signal with carrier frequency fc = 50 Hz, modulat...
Figure 2: Classification of demodulation methods discussed in this paper.
Figure 3: (a) Functional block diagram of the lock-in amplifier implementation and (b) illustrative double-si...
Figure 4: (a) Functional block diagram of the high-bandwidth lock-in amplifier implementation and (b) illustr...
Figure 5: General block diagram of the Kalman filter for demodulation. Thick lines indicate vector-valued sig...
Figure 6: Functional block diagram of the Lyapunov filter implementation.
Figure 7: Functional block diagram of (a) moving average filter and (b) mean absolute deviation measurement t...
Figure 8: Functional block diagram of (a) the peak hold method and (b) the modified peak hold method based on...
Figure 9: Functional block diagram of the coherent demodulator implementation.
Figure 10: Schematic signal flow of the numerical integration scheme employed by the coherent demodulator with...
Figure 11: Tracking bandwidth frequency response of the demodulators showing the −3 dB tracking bandwidth and ...
Figure 12: Off-mode rejection of the demodulators for a carrier frequency of fc = 50 kHz and a tracking bandwi...
Figure 13: Off-mode rejection of (a) fourth-order lock-in amplifier and (b) first-order Kalman filter for a ca...
Figure 14: Schematic block diagram of the reference experiment of filtering a band-limited white noise process...
Figure 15: Schematic block diagram of bandwidth-vs-noise experiment of recovering an amplitude-modulated band-...
Figure 16: Tracking bandwidth vs total integrated noise (TIN) for each demodulator (blue circles) and for a lo...
Figure 17: (a) Frequency response of the DMASP cantilever in open-loop (blue) and for various quality factor c...
Figure 18: 3D image, 2D image and cross section of amplitude estimates obtained from (a) lock-in amplifier wit...
Figure 19: 3D image, 2D image and cross section of amplitude estimates obtained from (a) lock-in amplifier wit...
Figure 20: Functional block diagram of the Kalman filter implementation. Thick lines indicate vector-valued si...
Figure 21: Maximum tracking bandwidth of (a) coherent demodulator (n = 6) and (b) half-period coherent demodul...
Figure 22: Relationship between demodulator tuning variable and achievable tracking bandwidth.
Figure 23: Experimental and theoretical total integrated noise of a low-pass filtered white noise process for ...
Figure 1: Spin dependent processes in organic solar cells. (Right) The steps from light absorption (a) toward...
Figure 2: Vector model of the spin states of a radical pair. Here the red and blue arrows show the spin vecto...
Figure 3: Schematic representation of the energy levels of a radical pair. The spacing between the S and T0 l...
Figure 4: Schematic representation of singlet−triplet transitions in a radical pair. Top: S−T0 transitions oc...
Figure 5: Formation of MFEs upon recombination of SCRPs. In this example the (R1R2) molecule goes to the sing...
Figure 6: Re-encounters of radicals. In liquids, particles usually move by means of diffusion. In this situat...
Figure 7: Calculated time-resolved MFE traces as obtained by monitoring recombination fluorescence, resulting...
Figure 8: MARY curve, i.e., magnetic field dependence of the reaction yield for a singlet-born radical pair. ...
Figure 9: Principle of the RYDMR method. Top: reaction scheme – interconversion mixes the S and T0 of a radic...
Figure 10: Top: Populations of the electronic spin state of an SCRP – when the radical pair is singlet-born in...
Figure 11: Scheme of CIDNP formation by spin sorting at high magnetic fields. Top: EPR spectra of the two radi...
Figure 12: Scheme of triplet-state OEP and ONP formation. In anisotropic molecules, the ISC process S1→T1 has ...
Figure 1: Particle size of blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 2: Zeta potential of blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 3: Mean particle diameter of nanoparticle formulations over the course of 30 days (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 4: Docetaxel encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticle formulations (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 5: Cumulative release profile of DOC from nanoparticles (a) and nanoparticulate DOC from HpC films (b)...
Figure 6: Cell viability of blank nanoparticles for 24 and 48 h (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 7: RG2 cell viability with blank and DOC-loaded nanoparticles for 24 and 48 h (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 1: Schematic representation of amphiphilic 6OCaproβCD (a), amphiphilic PC βCDC6 (b), chitosan (c) and ...
Figure 2: Time-dependent variation of particle size (nm) of PCX-loaded amphiphilic CD nanoparticles stored in...
Figure 3: Time-dependent variation of the PDI value of PCX-loaded amphiphilic CD nanoparticles stored in aque...
Figure 4: Time-dependent variation of the zeta potential value of PCX-loaded amphiphilic CD nanoparticles sto...
Figure 5: Cumulative release profile of PCX from different amphiphilic CD nanoparticles at pH 7.4 phosphate b...
Figure 6: Cytotoxicity of unloaded amphiphilic CD nanoparticles on L929 mouse fibroblast cell line with MTT a...
Figure 7: IC50 value of PCX solution in DMSO on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line (n = 3, ± SD).
Figure 8: Anticancer activity of PCX-loaded amphiphilic CD nanoparticle formulations and PCX solution in DMSO...
Figure 1: (a) Manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules. (b) Annealing pr...
Figure 2: Optical micrographs for molecular thin films grown on glass substrates. (a) α-MnPc film grown at ro...
Figure 3: (a) X-ray diffraction patterns. For an as-deposited 144 nm thick MnPc:TCNQ film on silicon (black) ...
Figure 4: Magnetic hysteresis loops of a MnPc thin film on Kapton obtained from annealing of a MnPc:TCNQ blen...
Figure 5: (a) Magnetisation as a function of the temperature at fields of 20 mT and 40 mT using both FC and Z...
Figure 1: Schematic illustration for the synthesis of N-rGO.
Figure 2: N-rGO dispersion nanolubricant at different concentration.
Figure 3: Schematic of the ball-pot assembly in a four-ball tester.
Figure 4: Coefficient of friction at low N-rGO concentrations.
Figure 5: Coefficient of friction at high N-rGO concentrations.
Figure 6: Variation of COF over time for base oil and nanolubricant with N-rGO (3 mg/L).
Figure 7: Wear scar diameter (WSD) of stainless steel balls lubricated with (a) base oil and (b) N-rGO nanolu...
Figure 8: Comparison of the measured temperature of base oil and N-rGO (3 mg/L) nanolubricant as a function o...
Figure 9: Unit load and current of ID fan A and B for (a) Ch 1, (b) Ch 2 before overhaul (replacement of base...
Figure 10: Power Consumption data for ID Fan A and B for few months.
Figure 1: DLS measurement of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs (number- and volume-weighted). Inset: TEM micrograph of...
Figure 2: In the upper part, the XRD pattern of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs (d = 5–10 nm, doping concentration o...
Figure 3: Normalized photoluminescence spectrum of CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs at an excitation wavelength of λexc =...
Figure 4: a) T1-weighted MR image of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs with different concentrations in the range from...
Figure 5: Relaxivity values of the four batches as prepared (green) and nine months (grey) after fabrication....
Figure 6: Sedimentation study of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs (5 mg·mL−1) in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (...
Figure 7: a) Representative microscopic image of hdF 24 h after treatment with the NPs (c = 1 mg·mL−1). b) Ce...
Figure 1: DLS (hydrodynamic size) results of C60FAS (grey; concentration 0.15 mg/mL) and C60+Cis mixture (red...
Figure 2: AFM images of a) nanoparticles in C60FAS (concentration 0.15 mg/mL) and b) C60+Cis mixture (molar r...
Figure 3: The calculated energy-optimized structure of the C60+Cis nanocomplex in aqueous solution.
Figure 4: The representative comet-assay images obtained after 20 min of electrophoresis of a) control cells,...
Figure 5: The relative amount of DNA in the comet tails (P) after 20 min of electrophoresis of a) lymphocytes...
Figure 6: C60 fullerene, Cis and their nanocomplex induce apoptosis as well as necrosis of lymphocytes from h...