Table of Contents |
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240 | Full Research Paper |
10 | Letter |
21 | Review |
7 | Editorial |
1 | Commentary |
1 | Correction |
Figure 1: A schematic of the foaming process showing the critical steps to obtain a sample with a controlled ...
Figure 2: SEM images of the cross section with a gradient of pores before and after indentation. (a) The orig...
Figure 3: Pore distribution for the indentation columns 1 (top) and 5 (bottom). All presented data fit to a l...
Figure 4: Relation between pore wall thickness, pore diameter, and pore fraction in micro-to-nanocellular PMM...
Figure 5: Storage and loss moduli (a) and loss factor (b) measured on the 5 × 4 arrays with flat-punch indent...
Figure 6: Change of the number- (Mn) and mass- (Mw) average of the molar mass in PMMA before and after foamin...
Figure 1: (A) Adsorption and (B) photocatalytic removal of 2,4-D using TiO2 (NT), TiO2 (IM_T) and series of Fe...
Figure 2: (A) Adsorption and (B) photocatalytic removal of 2,4-D over TiO2 (NT), TiO2 (PD_T) and a series of ...
Figure 3: BET specific surface area of TiO2 (NT), TiO2 (T) and the series of Fe2O3/TiO2 samples prepared by b...
Figure 4: (a) TEM image of unmodified TiO2 (NT) and (b) its respective HRTEM image, (c) TEM image of Fe2O3(0....
Figure 5: Nyquist plots of unmodified TiO2 (NT) and Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) with the respective model fitting.
Figure 6: Emission spectra of (a) unmodified TiO2 (NT) and (b) Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD).
Figure 7: Percentage removal of 2,4-D on unmodified TiO2 (NT) and Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) in the absence and pre...
Figure 8: Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D on TiO2 (NT), TiO2 (PD_T) and the series of Fe2O3/TiO2(PD) samp...
Figure 9: Proposed mechanism for major charge transfer pathways on Fe2O3(0.5)/TiO2 (PD) for degradation of 2,...
Figure 1: Evolution of the valence-band PES data (He Iα) as a function of a) MnPc deposition onto C60 and b) C...
Figure 2: Comparison of the energy shifts of core levels, valence-band features and the secondary-electron cu...
Figure 3: Schematic energy level diagrams of a) MnPc/C60, when C60 is deposited onto MnPc and b) C60/MnPc, wh...
Figure 1: Molecular structure of the monomers PFDA and EGDMA.
Figure 2: FTIR spectra of p-PFDA films with different EGDMA cross-linker ratios in the as-prepared state (das...
Figure 3: AFM height micrographs of as-prepared (a) and heat-treated (b) p-PFDA films with different degrees ...
Figure 4: Water contact angle (WCA) (a) and root mean square surface roughness (σRMS) (b) of p-PFDA films wit...
Figure 5: (a) Specular X-ray diffraction patterns of a p-PFDA film and a cross-linked alteration thereof with...
Figure 6: In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry data depicting film thickness evolution as a function of tempera...
Figure 7: Normalized film thickness and the refractive index nd (at λ = 589.3 nm) as a function of the temper...
Figure 8: Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, α, as a function of EGDMA cross-linker fraction for variou...
Figure 1: Chemical structures of the anionic complex fragments [Cu(opba)]2− (P1, left) and [Cu(opbon-Pr2)]2− (...
Figure 2: Echo detected ESR spectra of P1 at a frequency ν = 9.85 GHz (X-band) and at T = 20 K for the magnet...
Figure 3: Time dependence of the intensity of the echo signal for complex P1 at T = 30 K on a linear (main pa...
Figure 4: Temperature dependence of the phase relaxation time Tm of P1 and P2 at a frequency ν = 9.85 GHz mea...
Figure 5: Echo detected ESR spectra of P1 (top) and P2 (bottom) at a frequency ν = 33.899 GHz (P1) and 33.915...
Figure 6: Temperature dependence of the phase relaxation time Tm of P1 and P2 at a frequency ν = 33.9 GHz for...
Figure 7: Temperature dependence of the longitudinal relaxation time T1 of P1 and P2 at a frequency ν = 33.9 ...
Figure 8: CPMG echoes for complex P1 for two levels of the microwave power attenuation of 3 dB and 13 dB. Not...
Figure 9: CPMG experiment on complex P1 at ν = 33.9 GHz, T = 20 K, and H||z-axis: Separation of the refocused...
Figure 10: The calculated decay of the primary echo signal as a function of the time delay τ between the two p...
Figure 11: The calculated decay of the echo signal in the CPMG experiment as a function of the number n of the...
Figure 12: Comparison of the experimental and model dependences of the decay of the primary (a,c) and CPMG ech...
Figure 1: Schematic of the scattering geometry with the electromagnetic field vectors for linear p- and s- po...
Figure 2: Results of the simulations described in the text. (A) We consider an intergroove distance (equivale...
Figure 3: Maps of enhancement factor Γ for a realization of a rippled surface for (A) a wavelength of λ = 480...
Figure 4: (A) The profile is extracted from the Figure 1A and represents a type of an aligned array of nanogaps. (B) T...
Figure 5: (A) Image of rippled gold surface, 2.5 × 2.5μm and (B) corresponding map of the enhancement factor,...
Figure 1: (a) The dependence of the forces on the normalized time for two different Young moduli 30 MPa (ligh...
Figure 2: The dependence of the peak forces on the sample Young’s modulus for the parametrical equation of Equation 8 (...
Figure 3: The dependence of the peak forces on the set-point amplitude for the parametrical equation of Equation 8 (ful...
Figure 4: The dependence of the peak forces on the set-point amplitude for the parametrical equation of Equation 8 (ful...
Figure 1: (a) Representative SEM image of Au nanoantenna array; nanoantenna length 900 nm. (b) Detailed image...
Figure 2: (a) Raman and SERS spectra of a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) film with thickness of 3 nm deposited ...
Figure 3: IR transmission spectrum of a 10 nm thick CoPc film deposited on a Si substrate normalized to the I...
Figure 4: (a) IR spectrum of bare nanoantennas (curve 1) and IR spectra of nanoantennas with deposited 3 nm a...
Figure 5: (a) The cortisol chemical structure and numeration of atoms in the cortisol molecule. (b) IR spectr...
Figure 1: Schematic structure and dimensions of an EVA–CB sample. Reproduced with permission from [20], copyright...
Figure 2: Expected relative change of the electrical resistance as a function of the time at different stages...
Figure 3: Expected relative electrical resistance change as a function of time in which the curve approaches ...
Figure 4: (a) Electroconductive map of CB channels of EVA–CB (7.75 phr CB) and (b) channel size distribution ...
Figure 5: Relative change of the electrical resistance of EVA–CB (7.75 phr CB) as a function of time in a) be...
Figure 6: Relative change of the electrical resistance of EVA–CB (7.75 phr CB) as a function of time in a) to...
Figure 7: a) ΔR/R0 max values of EVA–CB (7.75 phr CB) after 60 s exposure to various concentrations of benzen...
Figure 8: Relative change of the electrical resistance of EVA–CB (7.75 phr CB) as a function of time in diffe...
Figure 1: Challenges encountered at each step of the traditional risk assessment process for conventional che...
Figure 1: Optical micrograph of one of the CVD graphene-based chemiresistive devices. The graphene strip is h...
Figure 2: (Left): Raman spectra acquired in different points of the graphene film. (Right): Plot of I(D)/I(G)...
Figure 3: Dynamic response of devices A (left) and B (right) during the exposure to 1 ppm of NO2.
Figure 4: Dynamic response of devices A (left) and B (right) during the exposure to 250 ppm of NH3.
Figure 1: Particle size distribution of the synthesized dispersed graphene in the prepared suspension measure...
Figure 2: Pictures of the four investigated devices. D-P17 and D-P25 are the paper-based devices, while D-AO ...
Figure 3: I–V curve of a chemiresistor printed on paper (D-P17). Data are collected in the range [−5 V, 5 V].
Figure 4: a) Dynamic responses of the paper-based devices (D-P17 blue line and D-P25 black line), exposed to ...
Figure 5: Dynamic responses of the four investigated devices exposed to 1 ppm NO2. The curves have been norma...
Figure 6: a) AFM image of the paper substrate (rms roughness: 12 nm). b,c) Typical AFM images on LPE graphene...
Figure 7: a) AFM image of the Al2O3 substrate (rms roughness: 35 nm). b) AFM image of LPE graphene printed on...
Figure 1: X-ray diffractograms of the samples doped with cobalt synthesized at 90 °C (Co-90), 130 °C (Co-130)...
Figure 2: FE-SEM images of the cobalt-doped α-MnO2 samples synthesized at 90 °C (a), 130 °C (c) and 170 °C (d...
Figure 3: TEM images of chromium-doped α-MnO2 nanorods synthesized at 90 °C (a), 130 °C (b), and 170 °C (c).
Figure 4: Dependence of chromium and cobalt content (a) and K/Mn (atom %) ratio (b) on the reaction temperatu...
Figure 5: XANES data at the Mn edge (a), the Co edge (b) and the Cr edge (c) for all synthesized samples toge...
Figure 6: EXAFS spectra of all samples, k = 4–11 Å−1, k3 weighing, in r space (a) and spectra at Co edge with...
Figure 7: HAADF-STEM image of a cobalt-doped MnO2 nanorod synthesized at 90 °C (a) and chemical profile obtai...
Figure 8: Dynamic TG curves in an inert atmosphere of undoped, chromium- and cobalt-doped samples synthesized...
Figure 1: Pyrolysis/combustion plasma system.
Figure 2: Vitrification plasma system: 1) torch, 2) feeder, 3 and 6) thermocouples, 4 and 7) windows, 5) cruc...
Figure 3: XRF analysis of feed.
Figure 4: XRF analysis of product.
Figure 5: SEM images of feed and product.
Figure 6: Photographs of a) fly ash and b) vitrified slag.
Figure 1: (a) Silicon master mold with inverted pyramidal pits and (b) PDMS stamp with the transferred patter...
Figure 2: Evolution of the FTIR absorption spectra of the ICSG resists during condensation at 110 °C for diff...
Figure 3: SEM images showing the surface topography of the ICSG resist after annealing at 550 °C for 5 h. The...
Figure 4: Nanoindentation measurement for the ICSG resists annealed at different temperatures: (a) hardness a...
Figure 5: Photograph of transparent glass with Ag nanoparticle arrays.
Figure 6: Metal nanoparticles formed on imprinted sol–gel silica: (a,b) 8 nm thick and (c,d) 10 nm thick Ag f...
Figure 7: Size distribution of (a–c) Ag and (d) Au particles formed at different dewetting temperatures on im...
Figure 8: (a) SEM image of Au nanoparticles dewetted on the silicon master mold by annealing at 500 °C and (b...
Figure 1: Schematic illustration of dry and wet transfer processes. (a) Dry transfer onto shallow depressions...
Figure 2: Schematic illustration of the basic approach for the method of direct growth of graphene on a SiO2 ...
Figure 3: Schematic illustration of the mobility (experiment) as a function of the ratio between CxHy size an...
Figure 4: (a) Schematic showing the layers of material used in fabrication of a back-gated graphene RF-transi...
Figure 5: Probability of delamination of a high-k dielectric/Ni stack on graphene devices as a function of th...
Figure 6: Obtained Rc·contact width values as a function of the contact-metal work function (WF) and increasi...
Figure 7: Schematic of the edge-contact fabrication process. Reprinted with permission from [58], copyright 2013 ...
Figure 8: (a) Schematic of the final side-contact hole cross-section after a one-step non-selective etch proc...
Figure 1: a) Normalized absorption of nanosphere and nanoprism solutions. b) TEM image of the synthetized nan...
Figure 2: Real and imaginary optical indices of PVP of 40,000 and 55,000 g·mol−1 average molar weight, fitted...
Figure 3: (a) Optical indices n and k, (b) reflectance measured and calculated by TMM for heterogeneous layer...
Figure 4: AFM topography of the nanospheres on a substrate.
Figure 1: (a) (200 × 200 nm2) High-resolution STM image (Ub = −0.5 V, Is = 0.3 nA) of Au (111) after depositi...
Figure 2: (a) (14 × 14 nm2) STM image (Ub = −2.5 V, Is = 0.3 nA) of a fullerene island before Ar+ bombardment...
Figure 3: Top and side views of the computed structure of C59 structural isomers. Carbon atoms around the vac...
Figure 4: (a) Unit cell used in the calculations. (b) Top and side views of the 8,5-isomer with the single va...
Figure 5: Calculated DOS of fullerenes with and without vacancy defects adsorbed on Au(111). In the case of d...
Figure 1: (a) TEM image of ZCIS QDs and (b) the corresponding size distribution. TEM and HR-TEM images of (c)...
Figure 2: (a) SEM image of the ZnO/ZCIS composite. Elemental mapping of the ZnO/ZCIS composite heated at 400 ...
Figure 3: High-resolution XPS spectra of (a) Zn 2p3/2 and (b) O 1s in ZnO and in the ZnO/ZCIS composite.
Figure 4: Band structure of ZnO and ZCIS QDs and redox potentials of O2/O2•− and •OH/H2O couples.
Figure 5: (a) Influence of the Orange II concentration and (b) of the ZnO/ZCIS catalyst loading on the photod...
Figure 6: (a) Influence of pH and (b) of phosphates and carbonates on the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/...
Figure 7: Influence of some transition metal chlorides used at 100 µM concentration on the photocatalytic eff...
Figure 8: Recyclability of the ZnO/ZCIS photocatalyst.
Figure 9: Concentration of (a) hydroxyl and (b) superoxide radicals and (c) hydrogen peroxide produced by ZnO...
Figure 10: (a) Time evolution of SOSG−endoperoxide (SOSG-EP) photoluminescence (PL) intensity upon irradiation...
Figure 11: (a) Influence of •OH, O2•−, electron and hole scavengers and (b) influence of 1O2 scavengers on the...
Figure 12: Schematic illustration of the charge transfer process and of the ROS production in the ZnO/ZCIS pho...
Figure 1: Scheme of GO-P synthesis.
Figure 2: SEM images of A) GO and B) GO-P. The inset in Figure 2A shows a crinkled GO flake. Scale bar: 5 μm.
Figure 3: FTIR spectra of A) GO and B) GO-P samples.
Figure 4: UV–vis spectrum of A) GO sample and B) GO-P sample.
Figure 5: Raman spectra of A) GO and B) GO-P.
Figure 6: XPS spectra of A) GO and B) GO-P. The inset shows an enlarged view of the energy region characteris...
Figure 7: High-resolution XPS spectra with curve fittings for the C 1s and O 1s for GO (A and B) and GO-P (C ...
Figure 8: TG and DTG curves of A) GO and B) GO-P.
Figure 9: DSC and DDSC curves of A) GO sample and B) GO-P. The TG curves are the same as in Figure 8.
Figure 10: The temperature dependence of the total surface conductivity of the analyzed GO-P sample.
Figure 1: (a) Device layout of a bottom-contact organic field-effect transistor, showing n-Si as gate electro...
Figure 2: Voltage dependence (Vd and Vg) of the magnetoresistance for compositions of (a) 51:49, (b) 78:22 an...
Figure 3: The drain voltage VdSC, at which the sign reversal takes place, is plotted for different Vg for all...
Figure 4: Representative MR line shape curves are shown at Vd = −5 V and +5 V. Black and red lines indicate f...
Figure 5: The dependence of the MR line shape curves on the drain voltage Vd is shown for a mixing ratio of (...
Figure 6: Voltage dependence of the line shape width B0. The values of B0 were obtained from fitting the data...
Figure 7: Experimental raw data covering ultrasmall magnetic-field effects including a MR sign-reversal. For B...
Figure 8: Ultrasmall magnetic field effects obtained for different compositions of Spiro-TTB/HAT-CN systems w...
Figure 9: Magnetic-field effects in transistors based on different composition of Spiro-TTB and HAT-CN with a...
Figure 1: (a) SEM and (b) AFM images of MoS2 thin films (≈100 nm) deposited at RT and 400 °C. (c) Ex situ Ram...
Figure 2: XRR pattern of MoS2 thin films (≈10 nm) deposited at RT and 400 °C. X-ray wavelength λ = 0.1518 nm.
Figure 3: (a) Specular XRD patterns of MoS2 films (≈10 nm) deposited at RT and 400 °C. (b,c) GIXD images of M...
Figure 4: (a) In situ laser annealing Raman spectra of MoS2 thin films, deposited at RT (bottom panel) and 40...
Figure 5: Drain–source currents measured versus the (a) drain–source and the (b) gate-voltage for a 10 nm MoS2...
Figure 6: Electrochemical HER measurements on our PVD MoS2 films directly on SiO2 covered Si substrates.
Figure 7: Current generated per area of the uncoated and coated electrodes over time. The currents have been ...
Figure 8: Average current density generated per uncoated and coated electrodes during the 2 h experiments. Th...
Figure 9: Average hydroxide (OH–) moles produced during the 2 h experiments.
Figure 1: Topographic image (U = 2 V; I = 0.5 nA) of Er3N@C80 on W(110). The molecules appear as bright round...
Figure 2: Topographic images (U = 1.5 V; I = 0.2 nA) of Er3N@C80 on Au(111). Figure (a) shows a one-dimension...
Figure 3: The Er3N@C80-monolayer orientations on Au(111) and the new interfacial reconstruction are depicted ...
Figure 4: The I/U-spectrum (a) and the normalized dlnI/dlnU-spectrum (b) of Er3N@C80/Au(111). The voltage is ...
Figure 5: The left half of the constant-current-image (U = 1.5 V; I = 0.2 nA) (a) shows an Er3N@C80-monolayer...
Figure 1: Schematic drawing showing the formation pathways leading to carbon tubes (4) and silicon carbide tu...
Figure 2: SEM images of (a) polystyrene fibres (1), (b) silica@polystyrene composite fibres (2), (c) silica@c...
Figure 3: TEM images of the carbon tubes (4) calcined at 950 °C (a,b), 1300 °C (c) and 1600 °C (d). Circles i...
Figure 4: Raman spectra of the carbon tubes (4) carbonized at 950 °C (black/top), 1300 °C (red/middle) and 16...
Figure 5: Thermogravimetric plot of the decomposition of the carbon tubes (4) carbonized at 950 °C in air.
Figure 6: (a) Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K and (b) pore size distribution function from a...
Figure 7: TEM images of a SiC tube wall with interconnected, crystalline SiC particles (a) and the correspond...
Figure 8: (a) IR spectra of the silica@carbon composite (3) (black/top) and the silicon carbide tubes (5) (re...
Figure 9: High pressure carbon dioxide adsorption isotherm at 25 °C for carbon tubes (4) carbonized at 950°C.
Figure 10: Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K (a) and pore size distribution from adsorption (DF...
Figure 11: Raman spectra of carbon tubes (4) before (black/top) and after (red/bottom) high pressure CO2 adsor...
Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the covalent linkage of tetraethylenepentamine to carbon fibers via wet-c...
Figure 2: Transmission electron micrograph of thin silica shells remaining after calcination of the TEPA-modi...
Figure 3: Atomic force micrographs of carbon fibers after 40 min in 30 vol % TMOS solutions with a pretreatme...
Figure 4: a) Scanning and b) transmission electron micrograph of mineralized LPEI aggregates.
Figure 5: Schematic illustration of LPEI mediated silicification of carbon fibers: a) chopped carbon fibers a...
Figure 6: Scanning electron micrographs of a) a carbon fiber coated with a silica shell mediated by LPEI (ins...
Figure 7: Scanning electron micrographs of mineralized LPEI aggregates modified by copper nitrate addition, a...
Figure 8: Scanning electron micrograph of mineralized LPEI aggregates modified by calcium nitrate addition.
Figure 9: Scanning electron micrographs of carbon fibers coated with a silica shell mediated by LPEI with add...
Figure 10: Scanning electron micrograph of a carbon felt with a LPEI mediated silica coating. Inset: photograp...
Figure 11: Scanning electron micrograph of silicon carbide fibers coated with a silica shell mediated by LPEI.
Figure 1: XRD patterns and TEM images of different samples with varying AgCl amount: (a) AgCl_0, (b) AgCl_1, ...
Figure 2: HRTEM images of TP (sample AgCl_8) (a), EPs of samples AgCl_10 (b) and AgCl_ 40 (c) with Fourier tr...
Figure 3: HRTEM image of the “match head” particle of sample AgCl_10 and the result of structure investigatio...
Figure 4: XRF analysis of Ag content during aging of NPs. (a,b) Results obtained by using Equation 1 for samples AgCl_1...
Figure 5: Element distribution maps of sample AgCl_32 on the day of the synthesis of NPs. (a) HAADF-STEM imag...
Figure 6: PL spectra of the samples AgCl_0, AgCl_1, AgCl_2, AgCl_4 and AgCl_8.
Figure 7: PL spectra of heavy fractions of samples AgCl_1, AgCl_2, AgCl_4 and AgCl_8.
Figure 8: PL spectra of samples AgCl_10, AgCl_12, AgCl_16, AgCl_24, AgCl_32 and AgCl_40.
Figure 9: Positions of exciton bands and LEPs maxima from the amount of AgCl added for all samples.
Figure 10: QY values and PL spectra of samples AgCl_4, AgCl_10, AgCl_24 and AgCl_40 after the synthesis immedi...
Figure 11: Absorbance spectra of all AgCl-doped CdSe QDs samples. Inset: low-energy regions of spectra without...
Figure 1: (a) XRD patterns of CuO nanomaterials synthesized by varying the reaction duration of 5 min, 10 min...
Figure 2: (a) UV–vis absorption spectra of CuO nanopetals. (b) Tauc’s plot for CuO nanopetals (c) UV–vis abso...
Figure 3: (a) UV–vis absorption spectra for MB degradation for different duration for 10 mg nanopetals of CuO...
Figure 1: X-ray diffraction pattern of a Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 glassy ribbon in the as-cast state.
Figure 2: Experimental (black line) and reverse Monte Carlo modeling fit (red line) structure factors for Mg65...
Figure 3: Partial pair distribution functions of Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass obtained from reverse Monte Ca...
Figure 4: Distribution of the coordination number of Mg–Mg (a), Cu–Mg (b), Y–Mg (c) and Ni–Mg (d) atoms in Mg...
Figure 5: Structure of Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass determined by reverse Monte Carlo modeling: (a) simulati...
Figure 6: DSC curve of the Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 ribbon sample in the as-cast state.
Figure 7: (a) HRTEM image, (b) selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern and details of the selected ...
Figure 8: TEM images in (a) bright field and (b) dark field mode of a Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass sample af...
Figure 9: (a) HAADF-STEM image and (b) EDS spectrum from a selected area of the Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass...
Figure 10: STEM-BF image of Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass after annealing at 473 K for 1 h.
Figure 11: XRD pattern of Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 alloy after annealing at 473 K for 1 h.
Figure 1: UV–vis absorption spectra of (a) silver nanoparticles with an absorption band at 415 nm and (b) sol...
Figure 2: (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have a high...
Figure 3: Preprocessed mean SERS spectra and standard deviations of the different cell lines. Labeled bands a...
Figure 4: First four principal components used for the support vector machine model. These loadings represent...
Figure 5: Score values of first four principal components of different cell lines. The four cell lines, MCF-7...
Figure 1: Chemical structures of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins successfully deposited by organic molecular...
Scheme 1: Synthetic methodology to prepare (metallo)porphyrins 2, 2a–d and 3, 3a–d.
Figure 2: IR spectra (KBr) in the range of 500–1800 cm−1 for H2TPP(CONMe2)4 (2, top) and MTPP(CONMe2)4 (MII =...
Figure 3: IR spectra (KBr) in the range of 500–1800 cm−1 for H2TPP(CON(iPr)2)4 (3, top) and MTPP(CON(iPr)2)4 ...
Figure 4: Left: UV–vis spectra (CHCl3, 280–700 nm) of H2TPP(C(O)NMe2)4 (2) and MTPP(C(O)NMe2)4 (MII = Zn, 2a ...
Figure 5: Top: TG traces of 3, 3b and 3d in comparison with H2TPP(OH)4. Bottom: TG traces of 2, 2c and 2d in ...