Electrosynthetic access to unsymmetrical oxaza[8]helicenes with high chiral stability and strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)

• Tin Zar Aye,
• Rubal Sharma,
• Muthu Karuppasamy,
• Daiya Suzuki,
• Haruka Nakajima,
• Yoshitane Imai,
• Mitsuhiro Arisawa,
• Mohamed S. H. Salem and
• Shinobu Takizawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 372–382, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.25

• Heterohelicenes are compelling chiral π-conjugated scaffolds for optoelectronic and chiral-photonic technologies because their helical frameworks and doped heteroatoms endow them with various photophysical, chiroptical, and electronic merits. However, unsymmetrical heterohelicenes remain rare, as their synthesis

• unsymmetrical oxaza[8]helicenes Building on Zhang’s facile acid-mediated carbazole synthesis [53], in which aniline derivatives react with p-benzoquinone to afford 3-hydroxycarbazoles [54], we employed a closely related substrate. Specifically, N-(p-tolyl)phenanthren-3-amine (2) – prepared from 3

• dashed lines for (P)-configuration of 5a (black), 5b (blue), 6a (green), and 6b (red). Recent examples of hetero[8]helicenes: (A) symmetric hetero[8]helicenes; (B) unsymmetrical hetero[8]helicenes; (C) short-step electrosynthetic access to new unsymmetrical oxaza[8]helicenes. Short-step synthesis of

Non-central chirality in organic chemistry

• Ken Tanaka and
• Naohiko Yoshikai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 370–371, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.24

• Ken Tanaka Naohiko Yoshikai Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan 10.3762/bjoc.22.24 Keywords: asymmetric synthesis

• complementary roles played by non-central chiral molecules in contemporary organic chemistry. First, they continue to serve as demanding benchmarks for asymmetric synthesis, probing how far stereochemical information can be transmitted and controlled when the stereogenic element is spatially or conceptually

Recent advances in the cleavage of non-activated amides

• Eun-Sol Choi and
• Hyo-Jun Lee

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 352–369, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.23

• twisted amides have revolutionized amide-bond activation, their preparation often requires multistep synthesis or the installation of strongly electron-withdrawing groups, thereby limiting their broad applicability. Thus, the selective activation and transformation of non-twisted, non-activated amides

• substitution, making its selective transformation a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. While strategies for activating twisted amides, bearing electron-withdrawing and sterically demanding substituents on nitrogen, are now well established, general and efficient methods for modifying conventional

• for activation of non-activated amides. Esterification of amides catalyzed by CeO2. Hydrolysis of amides catalyzed by Nb2O5. Manganese-catalyzed esterification of tertiary amides. Tungsten-catalyzed transamidation of hindered tertiary amides. Palladium-catalyzed transamidation of amides. Synthesis of

Synthesis of tricyclic fused pyrrolidine nitroxides from 2-alkynylpyrrolidine-1-oxyls

• Mark M. Gulman,
• Yuliya F. Polienko,
• Sofia Yu. Trakhininа,
• Yuri V. Gatilov,
• Tatyana V. Rybalova,
• Sergey A. Dobrynin and
• Igor A. Kirilyuk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 344–351, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.22

• framework is impossible is one of the ways to improve properties of ORCA. Feasibility of the synthesis of rigid 3b,4,5,6,6a,7-hexahydropyrrolo[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,2,3]triazole and 3b,4,5,6,6a,7-hexahydropyrrolo[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazole ring systems with incorporated nitroxide moiety from 2

• -2-ethynylpyrrolidine-1-oxyls with nucleophilic agents can lead to the formation of condensed systems involving the substituent at position 3 of the pyrrolidine ring [16]. Alkynes are broadly used in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, and participation of neighboring functional groups

• Huisgen cycloaddition or via one-pot Michael addition–cyclocondensation reaction with hydrazine with subsequent intramolecular alkylation of the resulting pyrazoles. Results and Discussion Synthesis We have earlier reported on the synthesis of 2-alkynylpyrrolidine-1-oxyls 2a–c via addition of the

Ring contraction and ring expansion reactions in terpenoid biosynthesis and their application to total synthesis

• Nicolas Kratena,
• Nicolas Heinzig and
• Peter Gärtner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 289–343, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.21

• . This review aims to explore intriguing examples of such ring-size alterations in all aspects of terpenoid synthesis. The current state-of-the-art regarding proposed biosynthetic pathways for terpenoids with unusual carbon skeleta, occurring either during initial cyclisation or subsequent oxidative

• editing; terpenoids; total synthesis; Introduction The vast richness of structural diversity in terpenoid natural products has fascinated organic chemists for more than a century now [1][2][3][4][5]. With more sophisticated techniques for isolation and characterisation emerging over the decades

• secured. Organic synthetic chemistry can help to fill gaps or evaluate, support or revise initially implausible proposed biogenesis routes by attempting to mimic these transformations (= bioinspired or biomimetic synthesis) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In general, the biogenesis of unique carbon

Spirobarbiturates with a pyrrolizidine moiety: synthesis, structure and biological evaluation

• Arthur A. Puzyrkov,
• Andrew S. Drachuk,
• Ekaterina A. Popova,
• Alexander V. Stepakov and
• Vitali M. Boitsov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 274–288, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.20

• 21st century, this research culminated in the approval of the first drug whose active molecule contained a spirobarbiturate scaffold – zoliflodacin© (Scheme 1) [7]. Due to the significance of spirobarbiturates, numerous approaches have been devised for their synthesis [13][14][15][16][17][18][19

• ]. Advances in this area of organic synthesis include the preparation of barbiturates containing spiro-fused cyclohexane, cyclopentane, tetrahydrooxepine, and tetrahydroquinoline moieties via [3 + 2], [4 + 2], and [5 + 2] annulation reactions involving arylidene and alkylidene barbiturates [20][21][22][23

• barbiturates [25]. Other methods include the DBU-mediated stereospecific cyclopropanation of barbiturate-based olefins with benzyl chlorides, developed by Chang’s group for the synthesis of spirobarbiturate-cyclopropanes [26]. Another interesting structural fragment is the pyrrolizidine heterocycle, which is a

Arene activation via π-bond localization: concepts and opportunities

• Paul Meiners,
• Julian J. Melder and
• Tobias Morack

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 257–273, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.19

• transformations for the synthesis of complex, three-dimensional molecular architectures with tailored physicochemical properties. Despite notable advances in dearomative methodologies over the past decades, the selective and controlled disruption of the aromatic core continues to represent a fundamental challenge

• as well as transition metal coordination to aromatic fragments in an η2-, η3-, and η4-fashion. The structural and reactivity consequences of these perturbations are analyzed in detail, and representative examples of stoichiometric and, where available, catalytic applications in synthesis are

• exposure to reaction conditions that more labile systems could not tolerate. Crucially, most reagents used in organic synthesis react preferentially with the arene ligand rather than the metal center [45]. Building on the electronic blueprint established by the osmium system, Harman introduced a new

A mild and atom-efficient four-component cascade strategy for the construction of biologically relevant 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives

• Dmitrii A. Grishin,
• Kseniia I. Sharkovskaia,
• Ilya G. Kolmakov,
• Daria A. Ipatova,
• Rostislav A. Petrov,
• Nikolai D. Dagaev,
• Dmitry A. Skvortsov,
• Maria G. Khrenova,
• Valeriy V. Andreychev,
• Sergei A. Evteev,
• Yan A. Ivanenkov,
• Roman L. Antipin,
• Olga А. Dontsova and
• Elena K. Beloglazkina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 244–256, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.18

• and selective synthesis of previously inaccessible 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives. Utilizing readily available 6-halo-4-hydroxyquinolinones, aromatic aldehydes, Meldrum’s acid, and alcohols under ʟ-proline catalysis, the reaction proceeds via in situ formation of arylidene-substituted Meldrum

• , offering high atom economy, operational simplicity, and remarkable versatility [9][10][11][12][13]. Owing to their flexibility in combining diverse building blocks, MCRs have found widespread application in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. This versatility significantly shortens synthetic

• against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [34]. The diversity of pharmacological activities renders 4-hydroxyquinoline-2(1H)-one derivatives highly valuable targets in medicinal chemistry, driving continued interest in their synthesis and exploration [23]. However, the

Configuration–packing synergy enabling integrated crystalline-state RTP and amorphous-state TADF

• Ruiyan Wang and
• Yunan Wu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 224–236, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.16

• EL spectra were measured under ambient conditions. Synthesis The synthetic route to 1 is shown in Scheme 1 and comprises imide formation followed by a Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling. Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-(p-tolyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (PI-Br, 4) In the first step, 2 (2.00 g, 8.81 mmol) was carefully

• dried crude product was purified by column chromatography using a solvent mixture of dichloromethane and n-hexane in a 1:2 volume ratio. The purified product 4 was obtained as a white solid in a yield of 2.53 g (91%). Synthesis of 5-(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-2-(p-tolyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (1) For

• the synthesis of compound 1, 5-bromo-2-(p-tolyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (4, 1.00 g, 3.16 mmol) was first dissolved in 80 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a 250 mL three-necked round-bottomed flask. The solution was again purged with nitrogen gas for 30 minutes to create an inert atmosphere and ensure that

Synthesis of diaryl phosphates using phytic acid as a phosphorus source

• Kazuya Asao,
• Seika Matsumoto,
• Haruka Mori,
• Riku Yoshimura,
• Takeshi Sasaki,
• Naoya Hirata,
• Yasuyuki Hayakawa and
• Shin-ichi Kawaguchi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 213–223, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.15

• soil. It can potentially serve as a phosphorus source in the syntheses of organic phosphates; however, this approach has not been utilized for the preparation of phosphate esters. In this study, we report the first successful synthesis of phosphate esters using phytic acid as a phosphorus source. Crude

• rely on phosphate rock but instead uses biomass as a phosphorus source. Keywords: diaryl phosphates; phosphate esters; phosphate ester synthesis; phosphorus recovery; phytic acid; Introduction Phytic acid (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, Scheme 1) is a phosphorus-rich molecule, which is

• -free synthetic methods have been reported for the synthesis of phosphorus compounds (Figure 2A) [35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Cummins’s group demonstrated that phosphoric acid and condensed phosphoric acid can be reduced using trichlorosilane. The resulting intermediate, the bis(trichlorosilyl

Screwing the helical chirality through terminal peri-functionalization

• Devesh Chandra,
• Sachin and
• Upendra Sharma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 205–212, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.14

• systems. These methods aim to achieve precise enantioselectivity, enabling the synthesis of helical molecules with specific handedness. In modern day science, helical chirality is gaining more and more importance in various fields such as drug design, optoelectronics, spintronics, diagnosis tool

• in their core structure [8]. Point chirality is the simplest form of chirality, and it is relatively easy to control and characterize during the synthesis of organic molecules. Due to these facts point chirality holds a central position among the different types of chirality. Axial chirality is

• another important type of chirality, where the chirality is controlled by restricted rotation among an axis. These types of molecules play an important role as chiral ligands in organic synthesis, i.e., BINOL, BINAP, etc. [9][10][11]. Another form of chirality, where chirality depends on a constrained

Base-promoted deacylation of 2-acetyl-2,5-dihydrothiophenes and their oxygen-mediated hydroxylation

• Vladimir G. Ilkin,
• Margarita Likhacheva,
• Igor V. Trushkov,
• Tetyana V. Beryozkina,
• Vera S. Berseneva,
• Vladimir T. Abaev,
• Wim Dehaen and
• Vasiliy A. Bakulev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 192–204, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.13

• Oxidative transformations are an important area of modern organic synthesis [1], producing a broad range of valuable synthetic products for the industry. A variety of catalytic reactions were developed for the oxidative conversions of unsaturated compounds [2][3][4][5], alcohols [6][7], alkanes [8][9][10

• migration in the formed tetrahedral intermediate to afford formate ester; c) hydrolysis of the latter to form phenols [28]. The development of methods for the construction of heterocycles and their modification is an important area of organic synthesis [29]. Although the Dakin oxidation has become a

• convenient tool for the preparation of phenols from aromatic ketones, several specific approaches have been developed for the synthesis of hydroxylated heterocycles [30][31][32][33][34]. The deacylation of ketones is also another important direction of their transformation [35][36][37][38]. Dihydrothiophenes

Streptoquinolines A and B, new antibacterial meroterpenoids produced by Streptomyces sp. TMPU-A0679

• Akiho Yagi,
• Hitomi Tomura,
• Ami Konno and
• Ryuji Uchida

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 185–191, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.12

• undertaking the total synthesis of this putative natural precursor to further confirm its structure and biological properties. To date, only two structurally related meroterpenoids to 1 and 2 have been reported: thallusin [7] and saccharoquinoline [8], both of which share a drimane-type sesquiterpene skeleton

Improved synthesis and physicochemical characterization of the selective serotonin 2A receptor agonist 25CN-NBOH

• Adrian G. Rossebø,
• Hannah G. Kolberg,
• Anders E. Tønder,
• Louise Kjaerulff,
• Poul Erik Hansen,
• Karla A. Frydenvang,
• Jesper Østergaard and
• Jesper L. Kristensen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 175–184, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.11

• respect to the physiochemical properties and handling of the compound in various research scenarios. Keywords: intramolecular hydrogen bond; membrane permeability; solubility; stability; synthesis; Introduction In recent years, classical psychedelics such as psilocybin and LSD have re-emerged as

• have investigated the properties of 25CN-NBOH·HCl (1·HCl) – both in the solid form and in solution. We also optimized the last step in its synthesis and investigated the structural basis for its high membrane permeability, despite the presence of a free phenolic moiety. Results and Discussion Synthesis

• The synthesis of 1 starts from commercially available 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-H), which can be transformed into the intermediate 2C-CN, (Figure 1). We have previously reported high yielding 4-step procedure for this process, whereas the yield in the final step in the synthesis of 1 was a

A new synthesis of Tyrian purple (6,6’-dibromoindigo) and its corresponding sulfonate salts

• Holly Helmers,
• Mark Horton,
• Julie Concepcion,
• Jeffrey Bjorklund and
• Nicholas C. Boaz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 167–174, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.10

• , known as Tyrian purple. In this work, we report a new strategy for the synthesis of 6,6’-dibromoindigo in four steps from p-bromotoluene in 14.5% overall yield. A key improvement in the reported synthesis is the oxidation of the benzylic methyl group of 4-bromo-2-nitrotoluene to 4-bromo-2

• ; sulfonation; synthesis; Tyrian purple; Introduction Tyrian purple, a reddish-purple dye, has been used for millennia to create vibrant, purple-colored textiles [1]. This coveted dye was produced in small quantities using large numbers of sea snails found in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The relative rarity

• purple, several syntheses of 1 have been reported in the literature [5]. As shown in Scheme 1A, a common route to 1 uses 4-bromo-2-nitrotoluene (3) as a key intermediate [5]. We were interested in a safe and cost-efficient synthesis of the major component of Tyrian purple that is amenable to generating

Circumventing Mukaiyama oxidation: selective S–O bond formation via sulfenamide–alcohol coupling

• Guoling Huang,
• Huarui Zhu,
• Shuting Zhou,
• Wanlin Zheng,
• Fangpeng Liang,
• Zhibo Zhao,
• Yifei Chen and
• Xunbo Lu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 158–166, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.9

• /bjoc.22.9 Abstract A selective and efficient method for the synthesis of sulfinimidate esters via an NBS-promoted oxidative coupling of sulfenamides with alcohols has been developed. This operationally simple, metal-free protocol uses inexpensive and readily available reagents, operates under mild

• versatile intermediates for enantioselective S–C bond formation under mild and metal-free conditions. Keywords: asymmetric synthesis; late-stage functionalization; selective oxidation; sulfenamides; sulfinimidate esters; Introduction Sulfur is a privileged heteroatom in organic chemistry, celebrated for

• constructing S–C and S–N bonds, particularly in the synthesis of sulfilimines [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and sulfinamidines [32][33][34]. Their tunable reactivity and modularity have positioned them as versatile scaffolds for sulfur–nitrogen architecture development. Our group

Asymmetric Mannich reaction of aromatic imines with malonates in the presence of multifunctional catalysts

• Kadri Kriis,
• Harry Martõnov,
• Annette Miller,
• Mia Peterson,
• Ivar Järving and
• Tõnis Kanger

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 151–157, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.8

• been used in the synthesis of numerous pharmaceuticals and natural products [7]. The application of asymmetric synthesis enables access to enantiomerically pure targets. Earlier, metal catalysis was used for Mannich reactions [8][9], but in recent years, methods of asymmetric organocatalysis have been

Design and synthesis of an axially chiral platinum(II) complex and its CPL properties in PMMA matrix

• Daiki Tauchi,
• Sota Ogura,
• Misa Sakura,
• Kazunori Tsubaki and
• Masashi Hasegawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 143–150, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.7

• also from the perspective of fundamental chemistry. In recent years, the design and synthesis of luminescent pincer-type platinum(II) metal complexes incorporating chirality, as well as the study of their physicochemical properties, have gained significant interest [18][19][20][21][22]. Such efforts

• and synthesis of a chiral ligand featuring an axially chiral binaphthyl backbone and its employment in the construction of novel types of a chiral platinum(II) complex with pincer ligand (Figure 1). We investigated the spectroscopic properties of the resulting complex, including its chiroptical

• environment. Results and Discussion Synthesis Each enantiomer of the target platinum(II) complex was synthesized separately. The synthesis of the chiral backbone S/R-3 was prepared in two steps starting from a chiral binaphthyl derivative [23]. Compound S/R-2 was obtained by using a Sonogashira coupling

Symmetrical D–π–A–π–D indanone dyes: a new design for nonlinear optics and cyanide detection

• Ergin Keleş,
• Alberto Barsella,
• Nurgül Seferoğlu,
• Zeynel Seferoğlu and
• Burcu Aydıner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 131–142, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.6

• Supporting Information File 16: Synthesis of compounds, copies of NMR, HRMS and UV–vis spectra and DFT results. Acknowledgements The numerical calculations reported in this paper were fully performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources). This study constitutes

Highly electrophilic, gem- and spiro-activated trichloromethylnitrocyclopropanes: synthesis and structure

• Ilia A. Pilipenko,
• Mikhail V. Grigoriev,
• Olga Yu. Ozerova,
• Igor A. Litvinov,
• Darya V. Spiridonova,
• Aleksander V. Vasilyev and
• Sergey V. Makarenko

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 123–130, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.5

• group; X-ray; Introduction Trichloromethyl groups containing compounds are widely used in the organic synthesis of practically significant substances [1][2]. Based on them, methods have been developed for the synthesis of hard-to-access 5-aminoisoxazoles [3], α- and γ-heterosubstituted unsaturated

• carboxylic acids [4]. The trichloromethyl group is a convenient precursor of the carboxylic function, which determines their use in the synthesis of α-amino acids [5]. A number of natural trichloromethyl-containing compounds are metabolites of symbionts of marine sponges – cyanobacteria [6][7][8] – and have

• nitro group upon breaking the C–C bond [16][17]. Substituted nitrocyclopropanes in reactions with various nucleophiles form linear precursors for the synthesis of γ-substituted α-aminobutyric acids [18][19], cyclic nitropyrrolines [20] and isoxazoline N-oxides [18]. The nitrocyclopropane fragment is a

Total synthesis of natural products based on hydrogenation of aromatic rings

• Haoxiang Wu and
• Xiangbing Qi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 88–122, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.4

• synthesis of complex natural products and pharmaceutical agents. This review highlights recent advances in catalytic (hetero)arene hydrogenation, with a focus on its application in natural product synthesis. Keywords: aromatic rings; dearomatization; hydrogenation; natural products; total synthesis

• ; Introduction For decades, a principal objective in natural product synthesis has been the development and utilization of efficient methods to access molecular frameworks with defined stereochemical complexity [1]. Natural products, such as taxol [2], strychnine [3][4][5], and tetrodotoxin [6][7][8], which

• contain complex three-dimensional structures, make total synthesis challenging. The retrosynthetic analysis [9], alongside the evolution of methodologies such as “two-phase synthesis” [10], “biomimetic synthesis” [11], or “protecting-group-free synthesis” [12], has progressively streamlined synthetic

Advances in Zr-mediated radical transformations and applications to total synthesis

• Hiroshige Ogawa and
• Hugh Nakamura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 71–87, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.3

• where organic synthesis plays a central role, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials chemistry, organic semiconductors, and organic thin-film solar cells. These areas are intimately linked to human life; thus, advances in organic synthesis are essential for improving human well-being

• . Nearly two centuries after the seminal 1828 synthesis of urea from inorganic precursors – often regarded as the birth of organic synthesis – the field continues to evolve rapidly and to exert profound impact on society. A retrospective of almost 200 years of organic synthesis shows that the development

• for future development. Keywords: halogen atom transfer; photoredox; radical; total synthesis; zirconium; Introduction Zirconium, a transition metal in the same group as titanium, has been employed across research fields and in medical applications owing to its distinctive physical and chemical

Synthesis and applications of alkenyl chlorides (vinyl chlorides): a review

• Daniel S. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 1–63, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.1

• prepared in 1868 by Charles Friedel – best known for the Friedel–Crafts reaction – via the reaction of ketones with phosphorus pentachloride, these compounds have steadily gained attention over the decades. In recent years, their distinct reactivity and potential in organic synthesis have been increasingly

• recognized. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and application of alkenyl chlorides, with a focus on developments over the past four decades. By organizing this growing body of work, I aim to highlight key advances and help guide the design of new transformations involving this

• ], and pesticides [7] (Figure 2). Throughout this review, the term “alkenyl chloride” refers broadly to chloroalkenes beyond vinyl chloride (CH2=CHCl), the monomer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production. Before detailing the synthesis and applications of alkenyl chlorides, we wish to acknowledge

One-pot synthesis of ethylmaltol from maltol

• Immanuel Plangger,
• Marcel Jenny,
• Gregor Plangger and
• Thomas Magauer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2755–2760, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.212

• synthesis of ethylmaltol from a renewable precursor. Keywords: ethylmaltol; flavor enhancer; maltol; methylation; 4-pyrones; Introduction In 1969, a Pfizer patent first disclosed ethylmaltol (1) as a powerful, purely synthetic flavor and aroma enhancer (Scheme 1a) [1]. It has been found to have a 6-times

• ethylmaltol (1) is the use of maltol (2) as the starting material, which is readily available from tree barks. Importance and synthetic approaches to ethylmaltol (1). (a) Ethylmaltol (1) is widely used as a flavor enhancer. (b) Reported syntheses. (c) One-step synthesis from naturally occurring maltol (2

Sustainable electrochemical synthesis of aliphatic nitro-NNO-azoxy compounds employing ammonium dinitramide and their in vitro evaluation as potential nitric oxide donors and fungicides

• Alexander S. Budnikov,
• Nikita E. Leonov,
• Michael S. Klenov,
• Andrey A. Kulikov,
• Igor B. Krylov,
• Timofey A. Kudryashev,
• Aleksandr M. Churakov,
• Alexander O. Terent’ev and
• Vladimir A. Tartakovsky

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2739–2754, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.211

• , Russian Federation 10.3762/bjoc.21.211 Abstract An atom- and step-economical electrochemical method for the synthesis of aliphatic nitro-NNO-azoxy compounds from the corresponding nitroso compounds was developed employing ammonium dinitramide, a prospective green oxidant for aerospace propulsion

• applications in organic synthesis as precursors for free radicals in selective transformations [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and polymerization initiators [12], energetic materials [13][14][15], NO donors [16][17], and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [18]. Despite the wide diversity of their applications

• , electroorganic synthesis has become a powerful and reliable strategy for the functionalization of organic compounds under green and mild reaction conditions [36][37][38][39]. The control of selectivity through the variation of parameters such as current, voltage, electrolyte, electrodes, and the type of