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Search for "CSTR" in Full Text gives 10 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.

Synthesis of odorants in flow and their applications in perfumery

  • Merlin Kleoff,
  • Paul Kiler and
  • Philipp Heretsch

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 754–768, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.76

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  • ]. Therefore, Roberge, Fogg, and co-workers investigated the advantages of continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) and tube reactors in comparison to the corresponding batch reaction for the ring-closing metathesis of diene 58, producing macrocyclic olefin 60 (Scheme 14) [52]. Although, macrocycle 60 is not
  • -closing metathesis reaction for the preparation of macrocyclic musks, the efficient removal of ethylene by the means of a tube-in-tube reactor or a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) can promote the reaction and suppress decomposition of the catalyst. In addition, reactions involving organometallics
  • cyclohexanone in flow. Synthesis of macrocyclic olefine 60 by ring-closing metathesis of diene 58 in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Synthesis of macrocycles 65 and 66 by ring-closing metathesis of dienes 62 or 63, respectively, in a tube-in-tube reactor removing the formed ethylene. Z-Selective
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Published 27 Jun 2022

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

  • Guido Gambacorta,
  • James S. Sharley and
  • Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

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Published 18 May 2021

Low-budget 3D-printed equipment for continuous flow reactions

  • Jochen M. Neumaier,
  • Amiera Madani,
  • Thomas Klein and
  • Thomas Ziegler

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 558–566, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.50

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  • printing. Next, we also constructed two types of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) with two and three inlets (Figure 4) essentially following previously published designs [32]. We used 1/4’’ – 28 flat bottom fittings for our reactors. Thus, either 1/16’’ or 1/8’’ tubing with a larger inner diameter
  • photograph of the reaction with the reactor, the CSTR for extraction and a 10 mL syringe for phase separation is shown. It consists of two 3D-printed pumps for solutions of pentaacetylglucose in dichloromethane (1 M) and HBr in acetic acid (33%) and PP reactor R3. It should be noted that the reactor material
  • withstood the harsh acidic conditions. Work-up of the reaction mixture and isolation of acetobromo glucose 2 was done by passing the reaction mixture through a CSTR device and two syringes for phase separation [34][35]. The procedure can easily get scaled up and provides for a convenient method for
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Published 26 Feb 2019

A general and atom-efficient continuous-flow approach to prepare amines, amides and imines via reactive N-chloramines

  • Katherine E. Jolley,
  • Michael R. Chapman and
  • A. John Blacker

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2220–2228, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.196

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  • afford amides. Primary and secondary imines were produced under continuous conditions from the reaction of N-chloramines with base, with one example subsequently reduced under asymmetric conditions to produce a chiral amine in 94% ee. Keywords: continuous flow; CSTR; N-chloramine; synthetic methods
  • phase-transfer catalyst was recently reported [25]. We have published a communication that describes the continuous mixing of aqueous NaOCl and an organic solution of secondary amine, using either a tubular reactor with in-line static mixers or a single stage CSTR [26]. The reactor was selected to
  • imine intermediates to produce chiral amines. Results and Discussion N-Chloramine formation N-(Di)alkyl-N-chloramines have been prepared in continuous organic–aqueous biphasic flow using either static mixers or a single-stage CSTR [26]. The choice of reactor and definition of tres for this reaction is
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Published 24 Aug 2018

Assessing the possibilities of designing a unified multistep continuous flow synthesis platform

  • Mrityunjay K. Sharma,
  • Roopashri B. Acharya,
  • Chinmay A. Shukla and
  • Amol A. Kulkarni

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1917–1936, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.166

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  • platform (including all the component) for multiple drug molecules (approach 2) R – coil reactor/packed bed reactor/scavenger, P – pump, HE – heat exchanger, CSTR – stirred tank reactor/crystallizer/dilution tank, T – storage tank, F – filter, S – gravity-based separator, D – dryer, FP – filter press, MS
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Published 26 Jul 2018

High-yielding continuous-flow synthesis of antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine

  • Eric Yu,
  • Hari P. R. Mangunuru,
  • Nakul S. Telang,
  • Caleb J. Kong,
  • Jenson Verghese,
  • Stanley E. Gilliland III,
  • Saeed Ahmad,
  • Raymond N. Dominey and
  • B. Frank Gupton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 583–592, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.45

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  • in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The last step requires the reaction of 12 with 4,7-dichloroquinoline (13) which when used neat takes 24–48 hours at 120–140 °C to give 75–80% yield of HCQ (1) [37]. We have found that this step can be accelerated by employing K2CO3/triethylamine, to
  • facilitate the formation of 1, resulting in a comparable yield in less than 6 hours. Thus, we have integrated the continuous preparation of reaction with our new efficient continuous-flow synthesis of 12 with the final step by using a CSTR to accommodate the longer reaction time required to produce HCQ (1
  • process was carried out using Raney-nickel at 80 °C and 10 bar hydrogen pressure for 4–6 h [21][22][23][24]. In order to perform this step in a continuous fashion, a continuous stirred tank reactor [25][41] was employed (Table 3). Materials were delivered to the CSTR vessel through an HPLC pump and were
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Published 08 Mar 2018

Grip on complexity in chemical reaction networks

  • Albert S. Y. Wong and
  • Wilhelm T. S. Huck

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1486–1497, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.147

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  • stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conveniently prepared in which the flow (i.e., the reciprocal of the residence time defined by the ratio of the outflux and the reactor volume) maintained out-of-equilibrium conditions for the system (Figure 5d). The response of the system is determined by the concentration
  • enzyme or a substrate with a high affinity to Tr in a subsequent CSTR. Figure 6a demonstrates that the initial oscillating signal can be used to create an identical timing in a subsequent enzymatic reaction. Depending on the feed concentration of chymotrypsinogen (ChTg), the initial oscillations are
  • amplified. Similarly, the design is used to create an analog-to-digital output by introducing a trypsin inhibitor (soybean trypsin inhbitor (STI)) in the second CSTR (Figure 6b). The STI effectively thresholds the local minima in the initial oscillations, converting the initial signal into a switch-like
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Published 28 Jul 2017

Continuous formation of N-chloro-N,N-dialkylamine solutions in well-mixed meso-scale flow reactors

  • A. John Blacker and
  • Katherine E. Jolley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2408–2417, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.262

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  • phase require longer reaction times, provided by the CSTR, to compensate for low mass transfer rates in the biphasic system. The green metrics of the reaction have been assessed and compared to existing procedures and have shown the continuous process is improved over previous procedures. The organic
  • solutions of N,N-dialkyl-N-chloramines produced continuously will enable their use in tandem flow reactions with a range of nucleophilic substrates. Keywords: amine; biphasic; chloramine; chlorination; continuous flow chemistry; CSTR; static mixer; sodium hypochlorite; tube reactor; Introduction N
  • transfer reasons discussed above, and possibly for electronic and steric reasons as well. The tube reactor did not conveniently allow sufficient residence times for full conversion of amine to chloramine to be achieved, and in such cases a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), able to provide longer
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Published 02 Dec 2015

Continuous flow nitration in miniaturized devices

  • Amol A. Kulkarni

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 405–424, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.38

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  • similar approach, a single continuous glass/Teflon stirred tank (CSTR) with a volume of 1.06 L (d = 9.5 cm, h = 15.1 cm) was used by Quadros et al. [48] for the adiabatic nitration of benzene witth mixed acids. The pilot-scale continuous stirred reactor was operated at a temperature range of 80–135 °C
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Published 14 Feb 2014

Coupled chemo(enzymatic) reactions in continuous flow

  • Ruslan Yuryev,
  • Simon Strompen and
  • Andreas Liese

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1449–1467, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.169

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  • D-xylulose (28) from D,L-serine (26) and D,L-glyceraldehyde (25) involving three enzymes in a single continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was presented by Bongs (Scheme 9) [32]. Here, a D-amino acid oxidase was used to form hydroxypyruvic acid (27) from D-26, which was subsequently converted to
  • maximize yields. The cascade-reactor approach may be useful not only in situations where incompatible reaction steps need to be spatially separated, but also in the case of coupled-reaction processes that, from a reaction-engineering point of view, should be conducted in CSTR series. For instance, when
  • stability. The multistep microbial biotransformations are also feasible for the continuous processes that do not require cofactor regeneration. Nöthe and coworkers developed a whole-cell membrane reactor operated in CSTR mode, with continuous product removal by ultrafiltration, for the microbial conversion
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Published 24 Oct 2011
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