A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

Regioselective chemoenzymatic syntheses of ferulate conjugates as chromogenic substrates for feruloyl esterases

• Olga Gherbovet,
• Fernando Ferreira,
• Apolline Clément,
• Mélanie Ragon,
• Julien Durand,
• Sophie Bozonnet,
• Michael J. O'Donohue and
• Régis Fauré

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 325–333, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.30

• in 56% in-house yield and in up to 77% previously reported yield [24][25] in one step on a gram scale) using Lipozyme® TL IM (a commercially available immobilized lipase from T. lanuginosus that efficiently catalyzes the transesterification of cinnamates) [26][27][28] and readily available and

A review of asymmetric synthetic organic electrochemistry and electrocatalysis: concepts, applications, recent developments and future directions

• Munmun Ghosh,
• Valmik S. Shinde and
• Magnus Rueping

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2710–2746, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.264

• derived from (+)-camphor was the most effective one for asymmetric electroreductive hydrocoupling of cinnamates 161 [94][95]. The constant current electrolysis of 161 in an undivided cell resulted in acyclic homodimer 162 (with good yield and excellent diastereoselectivity) along with a certain percentage

Reactions of nitroxides 15. Cinnamates bearing a nitroxyl moiety synthesized using a Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction

• Jerzy Zakrzewski and
• Bogumiła Huras

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1155–1162, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.130

• -oxyl; cinnamates; Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction; nitroxides; Introduction Cinnamic acid derivatives are known as biologically active compounds. Cinnamic acid and its hydroxy derivatives bearing a phenolic moiety such as coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, sinapinic, and chlorogenic acids [2][3][4][5

• ][6], simple cinnamic acid derivatives (esters, amides, etc.), and prenylated cinnamates [4], have been proved to be effective as antioxidants [2][7], radical scavengers [2], antimicrobials [2][7][8], antibacterials [2], antivirals [2][7], and fungicides [2][7][8]. Cinnamic derivatives have also been

• recognized as active agents against tuberculosis and malaria [3][7], cardiovascular diseases [3], and cancer [4]. Cinnamates show depigmenting [4], antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, anticholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, CNS depressant, anxiolytic, and cytotoxic activity [7]. Cinnamate

Matsuda–Heck reaction with arenediazonium tosylates in water

• Ksenia V. Kutonova,
• Marina E. Trusova,
• Andrey V. Stankevich,
• Pavel S. Postnikov and
• Victor D. Filimonov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 358–362, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.41

• for the first time. A range of alkenes was arylated in good to quantitative yields in water. The reaction is significantly accelerated when carried out under microwave heating. The arylation of haloalkylacrylates with diazonium salts has been implemented for the first time. Keywords: alkyl cinnamates

• be effective catalysts for the Matsuda–Heck arylation of styrene and ethyl acrylate in water [7]. It is noteworthy that these catalysts are not commercially available and must be synthesized from Pd(OAc)2. Roglands et al. prepared a range of tert-butyl cinnamates and stilbenes from arenediazonium

• tetrafluoroborates in water with 5 mol % of commercial PdCl2(CH3CN)2 as a catalyst. The yields of cinnamates were rather high, while stilbenes were obtained with modest yields [8]. Up to date only one example of a simple palladium diacetate-catalyzed arylation of alkenes by diazonium salts in water has been

Synthesis and ring openings of cinnamate-derived N-unfunctionalised aziridines

• Alan Armstrong and
• Alexandra Ferguson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1747–1752, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.199

• Alan Armstrong Alexandra Ferguson Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K. 10.3762/bjoc.8.199 Abstract tert-Butyl cinnamates are aziridinated with high trans-selectivity by an N–N ylide generated in situ from N-methylmorpholine and O

• found to be specific for tert-butyl esters, with γ- and δ-benzylidene lactones, methyl, ethyl, phenyl, and benzyl cinnamates all suffering from degradation, presumably via hydrolysis pathways. β-Alkyl-substituted enoates were not explored, and will be the subject of future investigation. A preliminary

• aziridination. A range of ortho-, meta- and para-substituted cinnamates were synthesised via Wittig, Heck or esterification routes (for details, see Supporting Information File 1). Each substrate was subjected to two sets of aziridination conditions, with the optimum yields reported. Electron-rich substrates

Amines as key building blocks in Pd-assisted multicomponent processes

• Didier Bouyssi,
• Nuno Monteiro and
• Geneviève Balme

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1387–1406, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.163

• synthesis of isoindolones and phthalazones starting from ortho-halogenated cinnamates 34 and related compounds in the presence of hydrazine derivatives and carbon monoxide. The process is thought to begin with carbonylation of the starting aryl iodide to give an acylpalladium species 35, which is

Chemoselective reduction of aldehydes by ruthenium trichloride and resin- bound formates

• Basudeb Basu,
• Bablee Mandal,
• Sajal Das,
• Pralay Das and
• Ashis K. Nanda

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 53, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.53

• stable and potent hydride source in Pd-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of functionalized alkenes, imines, nitroarenes and 1,2-diketones [23][24]. Danks et al. also carried out reduction of alkyl cinnamates using polymer supported formate and catalytic RhCl(PPh3)3 (2.5 mol%) under microwave irradiation