Restorative potential of laser-synthesized silver nanoparticles with Salvia officinalis for periodontal disease treatment: an in vitro study

• Jelena Filipović Tričković,
• Sanja Živković,
• Bojana Ilić,
• Miloš Tošić,
• Jelena Marinković,
• Ana Valenta Šobot and
• Miloš Momčilović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 781–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.55

• methanol (B), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min−1, in gradient mode: 0 min 10% B, 10 min 10% B, 20 min 20% B, 30 min 70% B, 40 min 100% B. The UV–vis signal was monitored in the range of 200–600 nm. To determine the content of phenolic acids, chromatograms were recorded at 220, 260, 290, and 325 nm. To

• -inflammatory effects, it limited direct biological comparisons among all synthesized nanoparticle formulations. Moreover, under clinical conditions, maintaining a precise intrapocket concentration under continuous gingival crevicular fluid flow is a key challenge. However, this can be addressed by

Substrate-dependent pore formation in molybdenum disulfide monolayers under ion irradiation

• Yossarian Liebsch,
• Umair Javed,
• Lucia Skopinski,
• Leon Daniel,
• Franziska Appel,
• Radia Rahali,
• Clara Grygiel,
• Henning Lebius,
• Carolin Frank,
• Lars Breuer,
• Leon Kirsch,
• Frieder Koch,
• Jani Kotakoski and
• Marika Schleberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 769–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.54

• . In the first zone ≈60 mg of sulfur is placed. An argon flow of 500 sccm is used to purge the quartz tube containing the reagents and as a means to transport the precursors. During the 30 min process, the first zone reaches 150 °C, while the second zone reaches 750 °C. After the process has finished

Interface-engineered Caco-2 cell culture on a collagen-coated liquid–liquid interface in a microfluidic device

• Satoru Kuriu and
• Soo Hyeon Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 760–768, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.53

• tissues [2][3][4]. The microfluidic culture system known as gut-on-a-chip enables the cultivation of Caco-2 cells under conditions that more closely recapitulate the in vivo intestinal environment. By precisely controlling fluid flow and inducing mechanical stimuli, this platform provides physiologically

• as a cell-adhesion substrate for epithelial cells (Figure 1A). The rectangular cuboid-shaped microfluidic device allows for stable formation of the liquid–liquid interface for cell culture by sequential flow manipulation (Figure 1B). Using Caco-2 cells, a well-known epithelial cell line, we

• varying both the channel size and the flow rate of the collagen solution (Figure 2, Supporting Information File 1, Figures S1–S3). Our results suggest that interface formation is largely insensitive to the flow rate of the collagen solution, whereas the channel size significantly governs the interfacial

Oxidative atmosphere-driven formation of single-phase spinel CuRh₂O₄ nanofibers for alkaline water oxidation

• Namhee Kim,
• Sumin Ko,
• Sohyeon Choi,
• Seoyoon Jang,
• Myung Hwa Kim and
• Dasol Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 737–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.50

• concentration in the He carrier gas flow during the annealing process, the optimal atmosphere was identified to produce phase-pure CuRh2O4. The as-prepared CuRh2O4 nanofibers exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction in 1.0 M NaOH (aq), highlighting the importance of

• oxide nanofibers via electrospinning followed by post-annealing under precisely controlled oxidative environments. By deliberately controlling the annealing atmosphere under the continuous O2/He flow, optimized conditions were identified to obtain single-phase CuRh2O4 nanofibers. The resulting spinel

• subsequent annealing process under continuous O2/He flow, as illustrated in Figure 1 (see Experimental section for details). As shown in Figure 2, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was employed to investigate the phase evolution of Cu–Rh oxide nanofibers annealed under different oxidative environments (i.e

Environmental applications of silver nanoparticles: state-of-the-art review and emerging trends

• Soni Prajapati,
• Akash Kumar and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 697–736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.49

• technologies incorporating AgNPs. The advent of technological advancements aimed at providing safe water for individuals led to the incorporation of AgNPs into membrane technology, enabling sustained Ag release to remove pathogens and biofouling microorganisms in a continuous-flow system [22]. Nanosilver

Laser–material interactions in liquids for the synthesis of nanomaterials: current status and perspectives

• Carlos Doñate Buendia,
• Bilal Gökce and
• Leonid V. Zhigilei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 571–575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.38

• beam scanning, and flow-cell designs have enabled scaling to g/h production rates [66][67]. Even a higher 10 g/h productivity has recently been demonstrated in microparticle LFL using high pulse energy (>20 mJ) nanosecond laser systems [68]. While these advances represent an important step toward

Synthesis of Cu–Mo/TiO₂ and Co–Mo/TiO₂ photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water

• Ilse Acosta,
• Brenda Zermeño,
• Edgar Moctezuma,
• Luis F. Garay-Rodríguez and
• Isaías Juárez-Ramírez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 559–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.37

• several aromatic organic compounds, such as phenol, acetaminophen, metoprolol, and diclofenac, using TiO2 Evonik P25 illuminated with UV light under a continuous flow of oxygen [41][44][45]. For each experiment, 200 mL of the ketoprofen aqueous solution was placed inside the Pyrex glass reactor and mixed

• concentration = 10 ppm, catalyst weight = 2 g·L−1, V = 200 mL, four UV lamps λmax = 365 nm, O2 flow = 100 mL·min−1, analysis of reaction samples by HPLC). Ketoprofen degradation using (a) TiO2, (b) 0.2 Cu–0.5 Mo/TiO2, and (c) 0.2 Co–0.5 Mo/TiO2 as photocatalysts. KTP = without the addition of isopropanol and

• KTP/iPrOH = with added isopropanol. (KTP initial concentration = 10 ppm, isopropanol = 0.1 M, catalyst weight = 2 g·L−1, V = 200 mL, four UV lamps λmax = 365 nm, O2 flow = 100 mL·min−1, analysis of reaction samples by UV–vis spectroscopy). Cell parameters and crystallite sizes calculated for the co

Fractional shot noise of an SU(N) Kondo system

• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 515–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.34

• need of separating shot noise from background 1/f noise caused by fluctuations in the physical environment [66]. The shot noise is a purely nonequilibrium property that results from the fact that current is not a continuous flow but a sum of discrete pulses in time. Shot noise is a zero-frequency

• backscattering. The flow of single quasiparticles and pairs can be viewed as a current carried by two different charges e and 2e, and they are backscattered with different probabilities [93][103]. Simultaneous presence of one- and two-particle scattering can be interpreted in the language of the universal

Upcycling agroindustrial waste into graphene oxide supports for gold nanoparticles: toward sustainable nanomaterials

• Juan Marcos Castro-Tapia,
• Selene Acosta,
• Hiram Joazet Ojeda-Galván,
• Elsie Evelyn Araujo-Palomo,
• Edgar Giovanni Villabona-Leal and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 489–504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.32

• , and measurements were carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere with a flow rate of 50 mL·min−1. 3 mg of each sample were used for the analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were carried out using a SmartLab RIGAKU diffractometer operating with a Cu anode X-ray source (Cu Kα radiation, λ

Nanocarrier-integrated multilayer films produced by 3D printing for improved skin adhesion and curcumin photostability

• Thayse Viana de Oliveira,
• Ana Paula Farias Leão,
• Júlia Leão,
• Cesar Liberato Petzhold and
• Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 440–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.30

• pH was adjusted to 3.0 using triethanolamine. Chromatography was conducted at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, with an injection volume of 20 µL, and curcumin was detected at a wavelength of 427 nm. The method was linear over the concentration range of 2.5–50.0 µg/mL of curcumin (y = 126634x − 12894; r

• tangent (tan δ), were measured using an oscillatory frequency sweep over an angular frequency range of 1–600 rad/s at a constant strain of 0.5%. Flow behaviour was assessed using a shear rate ramp from 0.1 to 1.0 s−1 and subsequently from 1.0 to 0.1 s−1, in order to determine the best-fit flow model for

• calorimeter (Shimadzu DSC-60), at a heating rate of 10 °C/min, from room temperature to 300 °C. N2 gas was used at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. All film components (chitosan, CMC and alginate), as well as the resulting films (FC-NC and FC) were analysed separately. Skin adhesion measurements Bioadhesion tests of

First-principles study on elastic properties of Cu, (Cu_1−x,Ni_x)₃Sn and interfacial mechanical properties of (Cu_1−x,Ni_x)₃Sn/Cu in the lead-free solder joint

• Guomin Hua

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 428–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.29

• is a measure of the plastic flow at the crack tip; low B/G values will lead to difficulties of plastic flow and, correspondingly, result in brittle behavior. In contrast, high B/G values give rise to an ease of the plastic flow and result in ductile behavior [32]. In terms of B/G, the boundary of DTB

Biomimetic nanoparticles in cancer photodynamic therapy: a review of targeted delivery systems and therapeutic outcomes

• Valentina I. Gorbacheva,
• Alexey S. Grabovoy,
• Polina S. Marukhina,
• Anastasiia O. Syrocheva and
• Ekaterina P. Kolesova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 396–422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.27

• PEG-PLGA NPs via microfluidic flow, covered with RBC membrane and modified with folic acid. The loading efficiency was 20%, and coating with the biomimetic membrane reduced the initial burst release during the first 4 h while sustaining gradual release over 48 h. The biomimetic coating increased the

Beam shaping techniques for pulsed laser ablation in liquids: Unlocking tunable control of nanoparticle synthesis in liquids

• Sergio Molina-Prados,
• Nadezhda M. Bulgakova,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov,
• Jesus Lancis,
• Gladys Mínguez Vega and
• Carlos Doñate-Buendia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 309–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.22

• tuning NP size, crystallinity, defects, and optical properties. Conventional batch PLAL setups often exhibit lower productivity than large-scale chemical or gas-phase syntheses; however, recent advances using megahertz-repetition-rate lasers and continuous-flow configurations have significantly increased

• efficiency, throughput, and colloid stability. Therefore, optimising ablation conditions (e.g., using high-repetition-rate lasers, flow-through cells, and improved cavitation management) will be critical for enabling commercially viable production [94]. One promising strategy to overcome these limitations

Fast vortex dynamics and relaxation times in NbRe-based heterostructures

• Francesco De Chiara,
• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Francesco Avitabile,
• Francesco Colangelo,
• Abhishek Kumar,
• Carmine Attanasio and
• Carla Cirillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 292–302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.20

• analysis of Abrikosov vortex dynamics and flux-flow instabilities was performed in NbRe/Au and NbRe/Py bilayers to compare superconducting/normal metal (S/N) and superconducting/ferromagnetic (S/F) heterostructures based on the same superconducting layer. The heterostructures, fabricated by sputtering

• , were characterized through electrical transport measurements. The I–V characteristics show that, in the NbRe/Py bilayer, vortices reach higher critical velocities than those observed in the NbRe/Au structure. The analysis of the flux-flow instability within the Larkin–Ovchinnikov framework allows one

• bilayers, having a relaxation time one order of magnitude smaller than values reported in NbRe microbridges, have great potential for the realization of devices where fast relaxation processes are required. Keywords: flux-flow instability; quasiparticle relaxation time; superconducting heterostructures

Comparative study on 3D morphologies of delignified, single tracheids and fibers of five wood species

• Helen Gorges,
• Felicitas von Usslar,
• Cordt Zollfrank,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Martin Müller,
• Clemens F. Schaber,
• Chuchu Li and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 239–250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.16

• fibers and tracheids, paving the way for more effective modeling applications, such as finite element modeling or computational simulations of fluid flow or heat transfer, aiding in development of various industrial applications of delignified wood. Accurate 3D models provide valuable insights into

Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of contaminant species in chemical vapour deposited graphene on copper

• Barry Brennan,
• Vlad-Petru Veigang-Radulescu,
• Philipp Braeuninger-Weimer,
• Stephan Hofmann and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 200–213, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.13

• precursor was introduced for 30 min. The graphene growth atmosphere consisted of 250 SCCM Ar, 26 SCCM H2 and 9 SCCM CH4 (0.1% diluted in Ar) for all samples except the BO sample where a flow rate of 30 SCCM CH4 (0.1% diluted in Ar) was used due to the very low nucleation density. After the growth step the

Influence of surface characteristics on the in vitro stability and cell uptake of nanoliposomes for brain delivery

• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Andreas Zimmer,
• Otmar Geiss,
• Sabrina Gioria,
• Diletta Scaccabarozzi and
• Marija Glavas Dodov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 139–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.9

• for asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation analysis (AF4 analysis). Experiments were carried out by in-line coupling the AF4 system with UV–vis, multi-angle light scattering (MALS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) detectors. The AF4 system used was composed of an Eclipse Dualtec separation system

• nm. In the Eclipse SC separation channel, regenerated cellulose membranes (10 kDa) and a spacer height of 350 μm were used. Phosphate buffer was used as the eluent. The detector flow rate was set to 0.5 mL/min and the injection volume was 50 µL. The separation settings were: a) elution 0–3 min; b

• ) focus: 3–5 min (focus flow: 1.0 mL/min); c) focus + injection: 5–10 min (focus flow: 1.0 mL/min); d) elution: 10–50 min (cross-flow: 1.0–0.1 mL/min); e) elution: 50–55 min (cross-flow: 0.1 mL/min); f) elution: 55–60 min (cross-flow: 0.1–0.0 mL/min); g) elution: 60–70 min (cross flow: 0.0 mL/min). The

Development and in vitro evaluation of liposomes and immunoliposomes containing 5-fluorouracil and R-phycoerythrin as a potential phototheranostic system for colorectal cancer

• Raissa Rodrigues Camelo,
• Vivianne Cortez Sombra Vandesmet,
• Octavio Vital Baccallini,
• José de Brito Vieira Neto,
• Thais da Silva Moreira,
• Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira Leal,
• Claudia Pessoa,
• Daniel Giuliano Cerri,
• Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley,
• Josimar O. Eloy,
• Ivanildo José da Silva Júnior and
• Raquel Petrilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 97–121, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.7

• nm on a plate spectrophotometer (Nivo-Perkinelmer). The cellular viability was calculated as the percentage of viable cells compared to the control group and half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50). 2.6.1 Competitive EGFR-binding of anti-EGFR immunoliposome and EGF in HCT-116 cells using flow

• μM) for viable cell selection. Flow cytometry analyses were conducted on a CytoFLEX (Beckman Coulter) using 405 nm and 488 nm lasers to detect DAPI and Alexa Fluor™ 488 signals, respectively. Competitive binding to EGFR was quantified by measuring the cellular fluorescence intensity of Alexa Fluor

Reduced graphene oxide paper electrode for lithium-ion cells – towards optimized thermal reduction

• Agata Pawłowska,
• Magdalena Baran,
• Stefan Marynowicz,
• Aleksandra Izabela Banasiak,
• Adrian Racki,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Tymoteusz Ciuk,
• Marta Wolczko and
• Andrzej Budziak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 24–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.3

• applied for thermogravimetric analysis. The measurement was performed in an inert gas flow. The heating rate in this experiment was set to 3 °C/min with a final temperature of 800 °C. The sample was cut to fit the platinum pan. Elemental combustion analysis A LECO O836 analyzer was utilized to determine

Quantitative estimation of nanoparticle/substrate adhesion by atomic force microscopy

• Aydan Çiçek,
• Markus Kratzer,
• Christian Teichert and
• Christian Mitterer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.1

• × 10−7 mbar. Ar was introduced as a sputtering gas, keeping a constant flow rate of 40 sccm. Sputtering was carried out at a constant current of 200 mA (≈70 W) applied to the target. The sputtered atoms start to form NPs and to grow in the aggregation zone, where the aggregation length was adjusted to

Internal 3D temperature mapping in biological systems using ratiometric light-sheet imaging and lipid-coated upconversion nanothermometers

• Dannareli Barron-Ortiz,
• Enric Pérez-Parets,
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava,
• Emilio J. Gualda,
• Jacob Licea-Rodríguez,
• Juan Hernández-Cordero,
• Pablo Loza-Álvarez and
• Israel Rocha-Mendoza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2306–2316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.159

• 100 µL of UCNPs in a round-bottomed flask. The resulting mixture was then evaporated under a constant flow of N2 gas while stirring in a circular motion for 30 min. After solvent evaporation, 2 mL of Milli-Q water were added to the flask for rehydration overnight at 4 °C. The resulting water

Terahertz-range on-chip local oscillator based on Josephson junction arrays for superconducting quantum-limited receivers

• Fedor V. Khan,
• Lyudmila V. Filippenko,
• Andrey B. Ermakov,
• Mikhail Yu. Fominsky and
• Valery P. Koshelets

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2296–2305, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.158

• proven itself for many times both in laboratory and in real-life conditions. The terahertz SIS-mixer integrated on the same chip with the LO based on a flux-flow oscillator (FFO) and a receiving antenna [13] was used to study the irradiation of the human body [15], gas spectroscopy [16], and the

Improving magnetic properties of Mn- and Zn-doped core–shell iron oxide nanoparticles by tuning their size

• Dounia Louaguef,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Sébastien Diliberto,
• Klaus M. Seemann,
• Thomas Gries,
• Joelle Bizeau,
• Damien Mertz,
• Eric Gaffet and
• Halima Alem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2285–2295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.157

• NPs (see Table 1) and 52.61 mL of benzyl ether (276.77 mol) [14][15]. The mixture was heated under an argon atmosphere (flow rate of ≈100 mL·min−1) at a rate of 5 °C·min−1 to 290 °C and maintained at this temperature for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature under ambient conditions, ethanol (100

• was heated in an argon atmosphere (flow rate of ca. 100 mL·min−1) at a rate of 5 °C·min−1 to 290 °C and maintained at this temperature for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature under ambient conditions, ethanol (100 mL) was added to precipitate the nanoparticles. The resulting black solid was

Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• ][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]. Qin et al. designed a CL sensor to detect VB12, incorporating flow injection analysis, where the catalytic activity of Co2+ released from the VB12 structure acted as the recognition element, luminol served as the indicator luminophore, and the

• hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2 is electrochemically produced in real-time by utilizing a negative bias to an electrode, which converts dissolved oxygen in the flow cell. The linear range, LOD, and RSD for the detection of VB12 were 0.001–10 mg/L, 0.0035 mg/L, and less than 3.5%, respectively [102

• efficiency, and ease of implementation [22]. Moreover, Lok et al. assessed VB12 doses in a continuous-flow lab-on-a-chip system based on luminol-peroxide CL tests to monitor Co2+ in the molecular structure of VB12 [24], where the released Co2+ acted as the recognition target, luminol as the indicator

Ultrathin water layers on mannosylated gold nanoparticles

• Maiara A. Iriarte Alonso,
• Jorge H. Melillo,
• Silvina Cerveny,
• Yujin Tong and
• Alexander M. Bittner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2183–2198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.151

• , we observed a very small number of NPs and higher agglomeration than on APDMES (Figure 6E,F,K,L). Like on APDMES, PEG AuNPs are less uniformly distributed than dimanno-AuNPs. The differences are likely due to the delicate balance between capillary flow and surface interactions. The flow is likely the

• evaporated under nitrogen flow. The VSFG experiments were achieved under dry air flushing at room temperature (24 °C) at four different center frequencies to measure the complete CH and OH stretching region in the broadband infrared. The tunable infrared laser produced femtosecond pulses of ca. 5.5 mW (at

• negative staining, 0.35 µL of dimanno-AuNPs (1.9 × 1013 particles/mL) were deposited on glow-discharged carbon TEM grids (air flow, 20 mA, 4 min). Then, 0.35 µL uranyl acetate (0.5% w/w) was deposited and dried on the sample. AFM imaging AFM topography images were recorded with an Agilent 5500 AFM