Multilayered hyperbolic Au/TiO₂ nanostructures for enhancing the nonlinear response around the epsilon-near-zero point

• Fernando Arturo Araiza-Sixtos,
• Mauricio Gomez-Robles,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel and
• Raúl Rangel-Rojo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 251–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.17

• [20]. Work has also expanded into complex geometries, such as hybrid metal–dielectric layered pyramids [10], AZO nanotrenches for molecular absorption sensing [4], and the first nanowire array exhibiting hyperbolic properties with negative refraction at 780 nm [21]. Previously, our group has studied

Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of contaminant species in chemical vapour deposited graphene on copper

• Barry Brennan,
• Vlad-Petru Veigang-Radulescu,
• Philipp Braeuninger-Weimer,
• Stephan Hofmann and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 200–213, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.13

• give a mass resolving power (M/ΔM) greater than 5000. Origin of specific species were confirmed by further sample analysis using an OrbiSIMS instruments (Hybrid SIMS, IONTOF GmbH, Münster, Germany) incorporating an Orbitrap™ mass analyser (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bremen, Germany) with a mass

Structure-dependent thermochromism of PAZO thin films: theory and experiment

• Georgi Mateev,
• Dean Dimov,
• Nataliya Berberova-Buhova,
• Nikoleta Kircheva,
• Todor Dudev,
• Ludmila Nikolova,
• Elena Stoykova,
• Keehoon Hong,
• Dimana Nazarova,
• Silvia Angelova and
• Lian Nedelchev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 186–199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.12

• can vary depending on the polymerization process and the specific PAZO sample, with some having an average weight of 50000 g/mol. Efficient and accurate DFT techniques [27] are able to predict the structure and properties of single- and multi-component systems. High-level DFT calculations with hybrid

• typically rely on empirical dispersion terms, a range-separated hybrid functional with built-in empirical dispersion correction, ωB97XD, was chosen for our study. It has been supposed that the repulsion of long-range exchange interactions plays a major role in weak bonds such as van der Waals bonds, and

Safe and sustainable by design with ML/AI: A transformative approach to advancing nanotechnology

• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 176–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.11

• comparison to what is possible with the standard approach alone. The future of SSbD in nanotechnology will likely be driven by hybrid modelling frameworks that unite ML/AI techniques with physics-based simulations, creating a more precise and scalable approach to nanomaterial risk assessment [71]. By

• coupling data-driven algorithms – capable of rapidly processing high-dimensional, heterogeneous datasets – with the fundamental insights provided by mechanistic and thermodynamic models, these hybrid systems will enable researchers to predict both performance and toxicity under a broader range of

• to fostering a transparent, socially responsible nanotechnology landscape. Through the convergence of hybrid modelling, digital twins, and informed policy, SSbD can continue to evolve into a powerful catalyst for safer, more sustainable innovation in the nanoscale area. Conclusion ML and AI, in

From shield to spear: Charge-reversible nanocarriers in overcoming cancer therapy barriers

• Madhuri Yeduvaka,
• Pooja Mittal,
• Ameer Boyalakuntla,
• Usman Bee Shaik,
• Himanshu Sharma,
• Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
• Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula and
• Lakshmi Vineela Nalla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 159–175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.10

• [88]. Jia et al. reported a dual-responsive shape-transformable charge-reversible nanoparticle (DHP@BPP) combined with chemo-photodynamic immunotherapy for treating breast cancer and lung metastasis [81]. Hu et al. developed a hybrid nanocarrier, UPOE, using stimuli-responsive, charge-reversal metal

Functional surface engineering for cultural heritage protection: the role of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic coatings – a comprehensive review

• Giuseppe Cesare Lama,
• Marino Lavorgna,
• Letizia Verdolotti,
• Federica Recupido,
• Giovanna Giuliana Buonocore and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 63–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.6

• ]. For this reason, examples of investigation of inorganic coatings are quite limited. However, Hafez et al. [61] explored nanostructured hydrophilic and self-healing hybrid coatings based on hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocrystals and polyelectrolyte multilayers, formed in situ on Greek marble (Thassos and

• results highlight how tailored C-dot loading and hybrid silica matrices can significantly enhance the photocatalytic protection of cement-based materials. These two papers show materials with clear strengths in terms of stability since both coatings demonstrate long-term durability under relevant

• geopolymers, principally made of aluminosilicates, are materials chemically similar to ceramics [72]. In their study, Ielo et al. [67] developed and tested hybrid sol–gel coatings based on alkoxysilanes with varying molecular structures. Two different functionalization strategies were used. One involved a

Reduced graphene oxide paper electrode for lithium-ion cells – towards optimized thermal reduction

• Agata Pawłowska,
• Magdalena Baran,
• Stefan Marynowicz,
• Aleksandra Izabela Banasiak,
• Adrian Racki,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Tymoteusz Ciuk,
• Marta Wolczko and
• Andrzej Budziak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 24–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.3

• carbonaceous base material was chosen due to its high conductivity. The relevance of rGO is not limited to only one electrode; Kiran et al. revealed performance enhancement of both cathode and anode materials for hybrid supercapacitors as a result of rGO application as core structure [11]. A similar approach

Competitive helical bands and highly efficient diode effect in F/S/TI/S/F hybrid structures

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Irina V. Bobkova,
• Pavel M. Marychev,
• Vasiliy S. Stolyarov,
• Vyacheslav M. Silkin and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 15–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.2

• the diode efficiency is due to competing contributions of the two superconducting islands to the supercurrent with single helical bands linked through the topological insulator surface. Keywords: hybrid structures; proximity effect; superconducting diode effect; superconductivity; topological

• numerous theoretical propositions demonstrating the possibility of the superconducting diode effect such as bulk superconducting materials [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], proximity-effect hybrid structures [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], Josephson structures [46][47][48

• based on topological insulators (TIs) are interesting since they offer strongest SOC rendering linear spin-polarized dispersion for the surface states [73]. The diode effect in TI-based structures has been reported in Josephson junctions, as well as in hybrid structures. In practice, when producing

Geometry-controlled engineering of the low-temperature proximity effect in normal metal–superconductor junctions

• Munisa A. Tomayeva,
• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2265–2273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.155

• interface governs the transparency of the clean NS junction and thus influences the proximity effect. These results deepen our understanding of how geometry and the proximity effect interact, which is important for the design and optimization of superconducting hybrid devices. Keywords: Bogoliubov–de

• hybrid devices by enhancing normal quasiparticle scattering at the expense of Cooper pair transport [42]. Although interface transparency can be tuned by chemical surface treatments or in situ growth [43], an alternative and less explored approach is to control the proximity effect via the geometry of

• control the proximity effect. This geometric degree of freedom provides a novel route for engineering and optimizing the performance of superconducting hybrid devices. Results and Discussion Model We perform the calculations on a system described by the two-dimensional Hubbard model, defined through the

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

• synthetic polymers into smaller, biodegradable particles [72]. Ojha et al. found that adding nutritional supplements sped up biofilm production in lab trials, suggesting that this strategy might be useful in nutrient-deficient lakes in the Himalayas [47]. The synergistic effects of hybrid biofilms that

• nanoparticles have been shown to break down PS in both UV and natural light, which suggests they could be used in a range of environmental conditions [44]. Another prospective application is the integration of nanomaterials into filtration membranes, which results in the development of hybrid systems that are

• mechanisms, efficiency, and experimental conditions. To improve clarity and compare functional mechanisms, the nanomaterials are grouped based on their primary MP removal strategy, that is, adsorption, photocatalysis, and magnetic/hybrid systems. Tables 4–6 highlight that adsorption and photocatalysis are

Electron transport through nanoscale multilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride junctions

• Aleksandar Staykov and
• Takaya Fujisaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2132–2143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.147

• the c-direction was selected to be 150 k-points per angstrom. Benchmark tests were performed using the NEGF method with Au electrodes instead of Pt, and the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof 2006 screened hybrid functional (HSE06) instead of PBE. The results obtained from those benchmark simulations showed

Multifrequency AFM integrating PeakForce tapping and higher eigenmodes for heterogeneous surface characterization

• Yanping Wei,
• Jiafeng Shen,
• Yirong Yao,
• Xuke Li,
• Ming Li and
• Peiling Ke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2077–2085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.142

• variations exceeding two orders of magnitude, this necessitates iterative probe selection, complicating high-throughput characterization [21]. In this study, we introduce a hybrid multifrequency AFM technique that synergistically integrates non-resonant PeakForce modulation with eigenmode vibrations to

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

• dynamics to capture molecular interactions at the spatula–substrate interface and finite element method to simulate the mechanical behavior of the larger setal shaft. This hybrid approach enables synchronized simulations that resolve both fine-scale interfacial dynamics and overall structural deformation

• limitations inherent in single-scale models. Keywords: finite element method; gecko adhesion; hybrid modeling; molecular dynamics; multiscale simulations; seta; spatula; Introduction Geckos possess the ability to adhere to a variety of substrates, a trait attributed to specialized micro- and nanoscale

• –substrate interface. In contrast, our hybrid MD–FE model enables us to compute forces at multiple locations throughout the system and to track the dynamics of individual spatulae during preloading and pull-off. To analyze adhesion behavior, we plotted force, contact, and displacement profiles, which provide

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• innovative strategies to ensure their compatibility and sustained activity. This study addresses this critical challenge through the rational design and fabrication of hybrid core–shell nanofibers manufactured via coaxial electrospinning. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was used as an outer shell providing

• membrane applications. Thermal and crystalline analyses demonstrated improved thermal stability upon NE-βCp incorporation. Collectively, these results provide robust evidence for the feasibility of producing multifunctional nanofiber membranes that successfully integrate a polymer–lipid hybrid core

• encapsulated within a PLA shell, highlighting substantial potential for biomedical applications by overcoming key material integration hurdles. Keywords: co-axial nanofibers; electrospinning; hybrid nanosystem; nanofibers; nanoemulsion; poly(lactic acid); Introduction Driven by the significant potential of

Quantum circuits with SINIS structures

• Mikhail Tarasov,
• Mikhail Fominskii,
• Aleksandra Gunbina,
• Artem Krasilnikov,
• Maria Mansfeld,
• Dmitrii Kukushkin,
• Andrei Maruhno,
• Valeria Ievleva,
• Mikhail Strelkov,
• Daniil Zhogov,
• Konstantin Arutyunov,
• Vyacheslav Vdovin,
• Vladislav Stolyarov and
• Valerian Edelman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134

• , technology with wet etching) that are promising for detectors and electron coolers. More details on various technologies and specific features of the fabrication of tunnel structures are provided in a review publication [29]. Aharonov–Bohm interferometer The Aharonov–Bohm interferometer is a hybrid

Programmable soliton dynamics in all-Josephson-junction logic cells and networks

• Vsevolod I. Ruzhickiy,
• Anastasia A. Maksimovskaya,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.131

• ], voltage [20], or magnetic fields [21][22]. At the same time, the use of hybrid superconductor–normal metal structures makes it possible to increase the effect of frequency tuning [23][24], while the addition of ferromagnetic layers permits the non-volatile control [25][26]. Another feature of tunable

Current status of using adsorbent nanomaterials for removing microplastics from water supply systems: a mini review

• Nguyen Thi Nhan and
• Tran Le Luu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1837–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.127

• ppm [64]. Based on the characteristics of MOFs, a MOF-covalent organic framework (COF) hybrid membrane (FS-50/COF(MATPA)-MOF(Zr)/PDA@PVDF) was constructed and achieved an MP removal rate of approximately 100%. This hybrid membrane was evaluated as a robust and environmentally friendly material [65

• ]. Such hybrid materials show significant ability to remove MPs and should be further investigated to improve their properties and optimize operational parameters for practical application [66]. Aerogels and sponge-based adsorbents. Porous materials, such as sponges and aerogels, can increase the number

• of hybrid materials and eco-friendly options will provide more effective solutions for the elimination of MPs and other pollutants. Magnetic nanomaterials. To optimize the efficiency of removing MPs, magnetic nanomaterials are often integrated with physical and chemical methods during the treatment

Electrical, photocatalytic, and sensory properties of graphene oxide and polyimide implanted with low- and medium-energy silver ions

• Josef Novák,
• Eva Štěpanovská,
• Petr Malinský,
• Vlastimil Mazánek,
• Jan Luxa,
• Ulrich Kentsch and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1794–1811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.123

• can further enhance the electrical conductivity of the non-conductive material [11]. These islands can act as conductive bridges between graphitic regions, and, at sufficient density, form a percolating network that significantly reduces resistance. The resulting hybrid system consisting of a

Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology

• Rousilândia de Araujo Silva,
• Igor Eduardo Silva Arruda,
• Luise Lopes Chaves,
• Mônica Felts de La Roca Soares and
• Jose Lamartine Soares Sobrinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1751–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.122

Advances of aptamers in esophageal cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery

• Yang Fei,
• Hui Xu,
• Chunwei Zhang,
• Jingjing Wang and
• Yong Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1734–1750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.121

• , directly addressing the clinical targeting needs highlighted in the aforementioned signaling pathways. RRS analysis showed that the hybrid probe (probe I–cell–probe II) was more sensitive to marker determination than a single probe, while improving detection of cells expressing both markers. The authors

• targeting Mycoplasma hyorhinis and aptamers targeting SPP1 (Table 2). 4.1 Peptide aptamers targeting SOX2 protein or its binding partners Peptide aptamers consist of amino acid sequences and can be screened by yeast two-hybrid [65], phage display [66], or molecular docking prediction techniques [67]. The

• , and requires expensive equipment for detection. Aptamer-based hybrid sandwich biosensors reduce the probability of false negative diagnoses caused by only detecting a single biomarker, enable minimally invasive or non-invasive sample collection, and can use readily available clinical samples such as

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• intercalate beneath graphene at around 220 °C, initiating a slower, undercover oxidation of copper to Cu2O. This process is a galvanic reaction facilitated by graphene’s high conductivity, enabling electron transfer from copper to oxygen atoms. However, the graphene/Cu2O hybrid structure slows further

Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review

• Nayanathara O Sanjeev,
• Manjunath Singanodi Vallabha and
• Rebekah Rubidha Lisha Rabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114

• synthesis, hybrid system integration, and machine learning optimization. Together, these approaches aim to establish a comprehensive, scalable, and environmentally safe solution for the remediation of MPs in wastewater systems. Keywords: artificial intelligence; membrane technology; microplastic

• discharge [54]. Advanced strategies for MP mitigation demonstrate diverse mechanisms and operational advantages. Hybrid systems combining ceramic ultrafiltration membranes with photocatalytic reactors offer high removal efficiency (up to 99.9%) and reduced membrane fouling, but are limited by high costs and

• material classification or pattern recognition [138]. Hybrid and optimization based techniques including response surface methodology (RSM), particle swarm optimization (PSO), recurrent neural networks (RNN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) are useful in handling complex data types and

Few-photon microwave fields for superconducting transmon-based qudit control

• Irina A. Solovykh,
• Andrey V. Pashchenko,
• Natalya A. Maleeva,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Olga V. Tikhonova and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1580–1591, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.112

• makes it possible to design complex fully quantum hybrid “field + solid state” systems for quantum computing and developing a fully quantum interface between superconducting and photon platforms. Also, the developed transmon-based qudit can be used as an electromagnetic field detector, which allows one