Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• ) layers on the QCM surface was done through the pretreatment of mercaptoacetic acid on the QCM surface. The free carboxyl groups were then linked to SAs by a coupling agent to form SAMs. The QCM results indicated that BSA- and HSA-modified QCM sensors have a specific recognition ability, especially for

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• cm−1 corresponding to the O–H stretching vibration originating from carboxyl groups. Besides, an intense peak at 1641 cm−1 was assigned to the C=O stretching of carboxyl and/or carbonyl groups, a sharp peak at 1387 cm−1 corresponding to a –OH bend, and a strong peak at 1068 cm−1 ascribed to an alkoxy

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• thiol group in GSH and the aldehyde group in Rh6G2 undergo an addition reaction, followed by the formation of unstable intermediates [41]. Ultimately, the carboxyl groups of GSH will provide an acidic microenvironment so that a hydrolysis reaction will occur resulting in the formation of RGCOOH (Figure

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• comparison to PHEG-Tyr nanogel due to the presence of carboxyl groups of lysine in side chains of the zwitterionic Nα-Lys-NG nanogel [25][29]. The zeta potential of Nα-Lys-NG nanogel was not significantly affected by the change of temperature (Figure 3b). However, a slight decrease of zeta potential with

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• metals and other cations, electrospun membranes have been recognized as a promising solution. Most metal ion removing membranes interact with the targeted ions through ionic interactions via functional groups, such as hydroxy groups, carboxyl groups, amino groups, and ester groups, on the membrane

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• nanoparticles (PWG) capable of spontaneous assembly under physiological conditions. Interestingly, since glycine provides carboxyl groups and is acid-sensitive, when the nanoparticles reach the tumor site, the acidity increases and the protonation of PWG promotes the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Fusion of purple membranes triggered by immobilization on carbon nanomembranes

• René Riedel,
• Natalie Frese,
• Fang Yang,
• Martin Wortmann,
• Raphael Dalpke,
• Daniel Rhinow,
• Norbert Hampp and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 93–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.8

• vacuum [36]. The functionalization (red) is indicated by a carbon shoulder around 289 eV referring to carboxyl groups of the NTA moieties [44]. The increasing signal intensities of the carbon and oxygen peaks indicate a successful functionalization. The nitrogen peak shows a constant intensity

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• the carboxyl groups from AuNP-GSH, therefore ensuring a stable covalent binding to the antibodies. The primary monoclonal antibodies (Ab1) were adsorbed on the electrode by adding 5 μL of a 10 μg·mL−1 solution in PBS 7.0, with adsorption occurring overnight. The electrodes were then washed with 1.0 mL

• μg·mL−1 monoclonal antibody (Ab1) using 5 μL of 2 mg·mL−1 PDDA and 5 μL of AuNP-GSH. To activate the carboxyl groups from AuNP-GSH and ensure a stable covalent binding of antibodies, EDC/NHS was used (0.4 mol·L−1 EDC and 0.1 mol·L−1 NHS). The electrodes were washed with 1.0 mL of PBS buffer pH 7.4 and

Processing nanoporous organic polymers in liquid amines

• Jeehye Byun,
• Damien Thirion and
• Cafer T. Yavuz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1844–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.179

• challenging. Herein, we report that nanoporous polymers made via a Knoevenagel-like condensation can be easily processed into nanoparticles (115.7 ± 40.8 nm) or a flawless film by using liquid amines as a solvent at elevated temperatures. FTIR spectra revealed that the carboxyl groups in the nanoporous

Growth of lithium hydride thin films from solutions: Towards solution atomic layer deposition of lithiated films

• Ivan Kundrata,
• Karol Fröhlich,
• Lubomír Vančo,
• Matej Mičušík and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1443–1451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.142

• more pronounced after the removal of the top 2 nm of the sample surface through Ar etching during XPS measurements (Table 1). After etching, also the stoichiometry of CO3 becomes more clear, because signals from surface contaminations overlapping this signal in the C 1s spectrum, such as carboxyl

• groups, were removed. Table 1 shows that Li occurs mostly as Li2CO3. When subtracting the signals of Li2O (ca 2 atom % Li in Li2O, calculated from the O 1s signal) and Li2CO3 (21 atom % Li in Li2CO3, calculated from O 1s signal) from the total Li content calculated from the Li 1s signal, there is a

Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Rafael Gomes Morais,
• Natalia Rey-Raap,
• José Luís Figueiredo and
• Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1089–1102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.109

• binding energy: i) carbon sp2 (C=C, peak I) at 284.6 ± 0.1 eV; ii) carbon in phenol, alcohol, ether bonds (C–O, peak II) at 285.8 ± 0.2 eV; iii) carbonyl or quinone groups (C=O, peak III) at 287.2 ± 0.2 eV; iv) carboxyl groups (COOH, peak IV) at 288.9 eV ± 0.3; and v) the shake-up satellite due to π–π

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• hydrogen atoms from carboxyl groups and these two mechanisms contribute to the resonance stabilization of the resulting radical. However, the significant qualitative differences between the antioxidant properties of CS-G and other chitosans modified with phenolic compounds according to the FC and DPPH

• , such as pigs and cattle [28]. Unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparins are used in medicine as indirect anticoagulants for thrombosis prevention and treatment [29]. The presence of sulfate and carboxyl groups in heparin was critical for surface modification of the positively charged γ-Fe2O3

• the γ-Fe2O3@Hep particles, several new peaks were observed at 2922, 2852, 1258, and 1038 cm−1 compared to the γ-Fe2O3 spectrum (Figure 3a). Peaks at 2922, 2852, and 1648 cm−1 were ascribed to C–H and C=O stretching vibrations of carboxyl groups. Peaks at 1258 and 1038 cm−1 corresponded to N–H and C–O

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• sample in a solution of 0.2 nM 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with 0.8 mM N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). This step requires the generation of carboxyl groups (–COOH) on the surface of the sample capable of binding the NH groups of

• the linker, in our case EDC. Since the as-grown graphene contained very low density of defects, being significantly hydrophobic, a specific treatment was required in order to promote the creation of controlled defects and the necessary carboxyl groups. This was achieved by subjecting the samples to a

• that the O2 plasma treatment of adequately shielded graphene layers successfully promotes the creation of defects without significant damage of the graphene structure. The evidence that these defects are mainly carboxyl groups is the efficient binding of amine groups of the EDC linker, evinced by the

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• hydroxy groups, a bending of the aromatic structure, and a reduction in the allene symmetry of nGO. The presence of the methylene groups (=CH2), carboxyl groups (–COOH), and phenol groups (–OH) in PEG-nGO is shown through the absorption peaks at 1465 cm−1, 1410 cm−1, and 1300 cm−1, respectively. The

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• stretching of carbonate/bidentate/carboxyl groups (νOCO) (1300–1660 cm−1) are highlighted in the image. High-resolution XPS spectra of the pristine (a–c) and annealed (d,e) zincone-like layers acquired after 60 s Ar+ sputtering. Pristine: a) C 1s HR spectrum and b) O 1s HR spectrum as a function of the

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• nucleation centers for the anchoring the Au NPs) was conducted using XPS. The chemical modification caused by the plasma treatment results in the presence of hydroxy, carbonyl and carboxyl groups [36]. Furthermore, Au nucleation centers occur mainly in the proximity of oxygenated defects created during the

• effect is related to the length of the carbon chain and, in consequence, to the concentration of carboxyl groups that are accessible to nitrogen dioxide molecules. When short length carbon chain thiols are used (see Figure S2a, Supporting Information File 1) a vertically aligned SAM can be easily formed

• . Under this configuration, high sensitivity to nitrogen dioxide is obtained because the molecule can interact not only with the COOH groups in the heads of the SAM, but also nitrogen dioxide can diffuse into the SAM and eventually react with the carboxyl groups present on the surface of MWCNTs. In

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• change during the measurement, but when the pH value changed to 12, the size of GNR@CdSe/ZnS@FA increased. The size increase was caused by aggregation, which was due to the high pH solution being rich in hydroxide ions (OH−), which facilitates the carboxyl groups of the surface of nanoparticles. However

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

Surface characterization of nanoparticles using near-field light scattering

• Eunsoo Yoo,
• Yizhong Liu,
• Chukwuazam A. Nwasike,
• Sebastian R. Freeman,
• Brian C. DiPaolo,
• Bernardo Cordovez and
• Amber L. Doiron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1228–1238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.114

• ][49][50][51]. The conjugation of BBAs used an optimized Steglich esterification to bind the carboxyl groups on the BBAs to the free hydroxyl groups on 40 kDa dextran. For this study, tribenzyloxybenzoic acid (TBBA) was used as the phenolic precursor, resulting in a polygallol polymer [35][36][37

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• revealed new signals for carbonyl and carboxyl groups originating from the CDs in CD/g-C3N4 composites while X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed distortion of the host matrix after incorporating CDs into g-C3N4. Both analyses signified the interaction between g-C3N4 and CDs. The photoluminescence (PL

• eV (C–N) and 288.8 eV (N–C=N) after the incorporation of CDs, revealing the abundant carbonyl and carboxyl groups on the CDs as a result of the significant interaction between g-C3N4 and CDs [71][72][73][74]. The N 1s spectrum was deconvoluted into three peaks at 398.8 eV, 399.8 eV and 401.1 eV. The

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

• Alexa Schmitz,
• Kai Schütte,
• Vesko Ilievski,
• Juri Barthel,
• Laura Burk,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Junpei Yue,
• Bernd Smarsly and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

• reduction. During the thermal reduction of graphite oxide by flash pyrolysis, the decomposition of epoxy, carbonyl and carboxyl groups accounts for a build-up of pressure that exfoliates functionalized graphene [4]. In 1958, Hummers and Offeman reported on a ”graphene” synthesis by oxidation of graphite

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces

• Patrícia M. Amorim,
• Ana M. Ferraria,
• Rogério Colaço,
• Luís C. Branco and
• Benilde Saramago

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197

• imidazolium ring. Mo et al. [23] studied the lubricant properties of ILs based on the cation EMIM containing methyl, hydroxy, nitrile, and carboxyl groups deposited by dip-coating on Si surfaces. They found favorable friction reduction with [C2OHMIM][Cl] being the least efficient IL. In contrast, promising

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• photocatalytic activity in water splitting reactions under visible light irradiation. Ammonia-modified GO (NGO) shows n-type conductivity due to the introduction of nitrogen functionality. The band gap of NGO is narrowed due to the removal of various epoxy and carboxyl groups and it further acts as a promising