Quantitative determination of the interaction potential between two surfaces using frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy

• Nicholas Chan,
• Carrie Lin,
• Tevis Jacobs,
• Robert W. Carpick and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 729–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.60

• mechanics models [22][23][24][25] to allow better visualization of surface interactions. While useful insights can be obtained using fully atomistic simulations, such as molecular dynamics simulations or density functional theory, these techniques are impractical for describing larger contacts with a large

• such issues. For example, the adsorption of self-assembled monolayers on contacting surfaces is one method by which the surface can be modified to reduce the detrimental impacts of adhesion, friction and wear [15][16][17]. The nanometer length scales over which these processes modify surface

• interactions necessitates characterization methods with angstrom-level precision. Therefore, techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) are often used to evaluate the performance of these surface modification approaches. The interpretation of lubrication and surface modification behavior via AFM

Precise local control of liquid crystal pretilt on polymer layers by focused ion beam nanopatterning

• Maxim V. Gorkunov,
• Irina V. Kasyanova,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alena V. Mamonova and
• Serguei P. Palto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1691–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.164

• and perform unpredictably. Surfaces remove the orientation degeneracy and establish a desired overall LC director distribution. Although particular microscopic mechanisms of the LC–surface interactions (so-called LC anchoring) can be of very different nature, for the modelling of macroscopic LC

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• -plane tilting of the TNAP molecules in the monolayer (and the second layer) occurs, when the TNAP monolayer is overgrown by a second layer. This is typical for some planar organic π-conjugated molecules and related to molecule/surface interactions that favor a planar orientation for a single monolayer

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• enables control of cell–surface interactions, which plays a major role in controlling the bioactivity of solid surfaces. Biocompatibility can be enhanced by coating the surface using various thin film deposition techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or atomic

Investigation of CVD graphene as-grown on Cu foil using simultaneous scanning tunneling/atomic force microscopy

• Majid Fazeli Jadidi,
• Umut Kamber,
• Oğuzhan Gürlü and
• H. Özgür Özer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2953–2959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.274

• surface, and A is the measured amplitude during tip–surface interactions [34]. Graphene layers were grown on Cu foils using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [35]. A custom-built atmospheric CVD system was used. Cu foils were heated under H2 + Ar atmosphere up to 950 °C. Upon reaching the process

A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO₂/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications

• Laurie Letertre,
• Roland Roche,
• Olivier Douhéret,
• Hailu G. Kassa,
• Denis Mariolle,
• Nicolas Chevalier,
• Łukasz Borowik,
• Philippe Dumas,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Roberto Lazzaroni and
• Philippe Leclère

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197

• Materials, University of Mons) for the synthesis of P3HT-COOH. The nanoporous TiO2 layers were synthesized by J. Delvaux (Laboratory of Plasma-Surface Interactions Chemistry, University of Mons). This work was supported by the Action de Recherche Concertée program (MADSSCELLS project), the Science Policy

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• Mattia Scardamaglia Carla Bittencourt Chemistry of Plasma Surface Interactions (ChIPS), University of Mons, Belgium 10.3762/bjnano.9.191 Abstract In this review, we discuss the use of doped carbon nanomaterials in catalysis, a subject that is currently intensively studied. The availability of

Friction force microscopy of tribochemistry and interfacial ageing for the SiO_x/Si/Au system

• Christiane Petzold,
• Marcus Koch and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1647–1658, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.157

• of kinetic friction we removed the protective oxide layer from either the tip or the surface and created a tribochemical system of Au, Si, and SiOx (Table 1). Different aspects of tip–surface interactions are illustrated by the average friction forces (Figure 3), single lateral force traces from the

• ). Results for the tip–surface interactions of the different tips and surfaces are presented in this section. Friction of a Au/Si tip sliding on oxidized Si(100) is illustrated by the black squares in Figure 3. Initially (section 1 in Figure 3) a low friction force of about 0.02 nN was measured for the

• intact tip sliding against the intact oxide surface. Friction decreased slightly with scanning time until stabilizing after about 10 scans (Figure 4a). We attribute this decrease to structural changes at the sliding interface caused by tip–surface interactions, as scanning the same area ten times left an

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• with some commonly used FEBID precursors [22] and have shown that in some cases a single ligand loss dominates the initial fragmentation following electron induced ionization or attachment. This may then induce other surface interactions. They also conclude that dissociation through neutral

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

• Stefan Fringes,
• Felix Holzner and
• Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

• 100 nm. This distance range interferes with several natural length scales of particle–surface interactions [8], such as the electrostatic interactions. The electrostatic interactions between charged objects and surfaces in a nanofluidic system decay approximately exponentially with separation and a

Refractive index sensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using silver–gold layered bimetallic plasmonic crystals

• Somi Kang,
• Sean E. Lehman,
• Matthew V. Schulmerich,
• An-Phong Le,
• Tae-woo Lee,
• Stephen K. Gray,
• Rohit Bhargava and
• Ralph G. Nuzzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2492–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.249

• promising as an analytical technique for real-time, fully label-free detection of molecules, both quantitatively and qualitatively, as well as for monitoring surface interactions [5][10][11]. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, better known as SERS, is another important analytical application that utilizes

Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study

• Hao Tang,
• Nathalie Tarrat,
• Véronique Langlais and
• Yongfeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2484–2491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.248

• gradient approximation [33][34] were employed. The van der Waals dispersive interaction correction according to Grimme's DFT-D2 method [35] was considered for inter- and intra-molecular interactions as well as molecule–surface interactions. The C6 parameter was optimized in a model system on Au(111) in

Modeling adsorption of brominated, chlorinated and mixed bromo/chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins on C₆₀ fullerene using Nano-QSPR

• Piotr Urbaszek,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz,
• Celina Sikorska,
• Maciej Haranczyk and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 752–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.78

• – opportunities and risks of possible surface interactions Fullerene C60 [12][13][14], discovered in 1985, has a soccer ball-like structure [15] with a chemical structure representative of carbon nanostructures. Its unique properties and shape make C60 and its derivatives promising candidates for various

• may be employed to improve environmental conditions [13][18]. On the other hand, if the sorption interactions can occur spontaneously in the environment, they may bring as much hope as they do risk [23][24][25][26]. Objective The possibility of surface interactions between fullerenes and organic

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• , which lies between two and three dimensions, allowing for many new types of materials with promising new functions for future technologies. Since many material functions rely on molecule–surface interactions and low-dimensional properties, materials with large surface areas and a quantum-confined

Experimental and simulation-based investigation of He, Ne and Ar irradiation of polymers for ion microscopy

• Lukasz Rzeznik,
• Yves Fleming,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1113–1128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.104

• ions and the samples. Numerical simulations are one tool which can provide important information about particle–surface interactions, both for inorganic [12][13][14][15] and organic samples [16][17][18][19]. For the analysis of organic matter, information on preferential sputtering and the modification

Nanoscale effects in the characterization of viscoelastic materials with atomic force microscopy: coupling of a quasi-three-dimensional standard linear solid model with in-plane surface interactions

• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 554–571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.49

Surface coating affects behavior of metallic nanoparticles in a biological environment

• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Ivona Capjak,
• Tea Crnković,
• Marija Lovrić,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Ivana Vinković Vrček and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 246–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.23

• ligands such as PVP and BSA provide additional steric hindrances. Our results, in accordance with previously published data [48], imply that CIT, PVP and BSA provided colloidal stability for AgNPs irrespective to the type of surface interactions. It is interesting that we have recently observed [49] a

Single-molecule mechanics of protein-labelled DNA handles

• Vivek S. Jadhav,
• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Florian Wruck and
• Martin Hegner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 138–148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.16

• connection between the DNA spacer and the experimental target. When a certain protein or enzyme of interest is tethered to surface-modified beads it is desirable to avoid unspecific surface interactions between the optically trapped spheres. This can be achieved by using single molecular handles. The use of

Surface-site reactivity in small-molecule adsorption: A theoretical study of thiol binding on multi-coordinated gold clusters

• Elvis C. M. Ting,
• Tatiana Popa and
• Irina Paci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 53–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.6

• oxidation of 2-propanol was positively correlated to not only the average unsaturation of the surface metal atoms, but also to the fraction of edge and corner atoms, which present the lowest coordination. With an end goal of developing a coordination-dependent description of aminoacid-surface interactions

• , we focus, in the current work, on the surface-binding groups. To this end, we replaced molecular backbones with methyl groups, in order to remove factors such as lone-pair or charge-group surface interactions, and the overall backbone–surface interaction. We designed a 20-atom Au cluster, with gold

• initial (user input) configuration. This limitation can be particularly problematic in cases where there is an overwhelming contributor to the potential energy surface such as in the case of molecule–surface interactions [70]. An elegant workaround is to use thermal energy as provided by an ab initio

The role of low-energy electrons in focused electron beam induced deposition: four case studies of representative precursors

• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Ragesh Kumar T. P.,
• D. Howard Fairbrother and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1904–1926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.194

Enhanced fullerene–Au(111) coupling in (2√3 × 2√3)R30° superstructures with intermolecular interactions

• Michael Paßens,
• Rainer Waser and
• Silvia Karthäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1421–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.147

• , respectively, which should be lifted, if intermolecular interactions or molecule–surface interactions become relevant. However, as reported so far, the electronic configuration of C60 remains largely unperturbed upon adsorption and the charge transfer to C60 on Au(111) is small, which also has been confirmed

Dynamic force microscopy simulator (dForce): A tool for planning and understanding tapping and bimodal AFM experiments

• Horacio V. Guzman,
• Pablo D. Garcia and
• Ricardo Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 369–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.36

• of AFM configuration (AM-AFM versus bimodal AFM) or the model to describe the tip–surface forces. By activating any of the tabs a new panel will show the available options. Figure 1b shows the options available to model the tip–surface interactions. An example of force data panel is shown in Figure

• first two flexural modes are excited and an amplitude modulation feedback controls the amplitude of the first mode [33]. The parameters used in the bimodal AM simulations are presented in Table 4. Figure 6 shows the tip response under the influence of excitation and the tip–surface interactions. The

Boosting the local anodic oxidation of silicon through carbon nanofiber atomic force microscopy probes

• Gemma Rius,
• Matteo Lorenzoni,
• Soichiro Matsui,
• Masaki Tanemura and
• Francesc Perez-Murano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 215–222, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.20

• the latter, AFM, it excels in versatility, as its working principle allows AFM to be applied conveniently onto any surface and in a variety of atmospheres [2][3][4]. Nonetheless, SPL based on AFM can rely on a number of tip–surface interactions (chemical, electrical, thermal, etc.), including tip

In situ metalation of free base phthalocyanine covalently bonded to silicon surfaces

• Fabio Lupo,
• Cristina Tudisco,
• Federico Bertani,
• Enrico Dalcanale and
• Guglielmo G. Condorelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2222–2229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.231

• relevant information on the interactions occurring between the anchored molecules and the substrates. The spectra suggest that the phthalocyanine ring interacts significantly with the flat Si surface, whilst ring–surface interactions are less relevant on porous Si. The surface-bonded molecules were then

• surface interactions. Results and Discussion Synthesis of 1-Pc Phthalocyanine 1-Pc was prepared according to a slightly modified literature procedure [22] starting from the 4-(ω-undecenyloxy)phthalonitrile in refluxing 1-pentanol in presence of a catalytic amount of 1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene

• ruled out since the reverse trend was observed for PSi-1-Pc. Overall the metalation appears more efficient in the case of the porous silicon substrate compared to flat Si(100). This behavior is likely to be associated to the different surface interactions observed for Si-1-Pc and PSi-1-Pc. In the case

Dissipation signals due to lateral tip oscillations in FM-AFM

• Michael Klocke and
• Dietrich E. Wolf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2048–2057, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.213

• ). Parameter choice The experimentally observed dissipation rate due to tip–surface interactions in FM-AFM is at least 0.01 eV per cycle. We will now consider the question, what fraction of the observed dissipation rate may be accounted for by the excitation of lateral tip oscillations. Monte-Carlo study of