Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• mechanisms is included, along with potential antibiotic and dye degradation pathways in wastewater. Finally, areas that require additional study and attention regarding the usage of photocatalysts based on bismuth for removing pharmaceuticals and textile dyes from wastewater, particularly for real-world

• . Different materials based on bismuth have been developed and used for a range of environmental remediation applications. For instance, Mu et al. [46] synthesised a Bi2S3/Bi4O7 heterostructure via an in situ sulfidation approach and utilised it for the degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible-light

• exposure. Since the oxidation rate is still up to 96.3% after four cycles, the photocatalyst showed great performance and stability in the photocatalytic oxidation of the dye. This review provides an overview of the recent nanostructured photocatalytic materials based on bismuth that are employed in the

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• fluorescent dye Cy5.5 (Cy5.5@HMnO2-AM) in mice. (A) In vivo fluorescence imaging. (B) Statistical analysis of the fluorescence intensity of tumors in different treatment groups. (C) Mouse image. (D) Ex vivo fluorescence imaging of major organs. (E) T1-weighted MR image of the biomimetic nanoparticles. (F) T1

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• light is converted to the light of shorter wavelength, which is absorbed by the arylazopyrazole. Resultant isomerization of this dye from the trans form to the cis form breaks down the β-CyD inclusion complex, and induces the decomposition of nanocomposites (blue balls) to release the siRNA. Figure 5

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• low concentration as a dopant or at higher concentrations as a mixed layer [2]. Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) is an organic molecule that has been investigated for its properties as an organic semiconductor and as a dye. It is straightforward to evaporate in vacuum and, at submonolayer

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• platform to deliver both AuNPs and BODIPY dye for synergized PTT. To our knowledge, this is the first report about using LNPs as carriers for the co-delivery of gold nanoclusters and BODIPY, the first investigation of the synergistic thermal effects of gold nanoclusters and BODIPY, and the first

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

•  7b. The high removal rate towards MB could be ascribed to a better adsorption boosted through electrostatic interactions (cationic MB and negatively charged surface of MBN-80) and the synergy obtained through the photoactivity of MBN-80 and dye sensitization through MB moieties. The

• photosensitization of MB dye moieties generates additional photo-excited electrons which are transferred into the CB of MBN-80, resulting in enhanced charge carrier density and generation of •OH via the O2 reduction pathway, thus enhancing dye degradation. Conversely, the photocatalytic degradation of phenol showed

• the negatively charged MBN-80 and positively charged MB dye moieties) and that triggered the photocatalysis reaction. In the case of phenol, it contains a phenyl group (–C6H5) with a neutral charge and thus the interaction between this group and the photocatalyst is limited. Also, the phenol is not a

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• obtained. They found that Bi5O7Br effectively converts molecular oxygen to superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals in visible light. Under UV–vis irradiation, Bi5O7Br showed a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye than BiOBr. The addition of Bi5O7Br photocatalysis to

• increase in the overlap between Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals, a reduced charge transfer route, and strange floating features. In another approach, Huang et al. reported a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of a BiIO4/Bi2MoO6 hybrid photocatalyst for photodegradation of RhB dye [56]. Under visible-light irradiation

• ]. Without any additional agent, the fabricated heterojunction completely degraded a RhB dye solution within 20 min. BiVO4 nanorods photogenerated hydroxyl radicals rather than super oxides because of the more positive oxidation potential of BiVO4 (2.31 V). MoS2 sheets favored the photogeneration of

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• patches, the total amount of released dye was close to 18%, whereas from flat patches only 1% was released after 24 h [180]. Li et al. fabricated PVP-based MNs for the ocular delivery of the insoluble drug brinzolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor applied in the treatment of glaucoma. The authors

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• of 10 °C/min. The zeta potential was measured by analyzing 0.1 g of ZnO in 10 mL of water using a Malvern ZetasizerPro. The solid UV–vis DRS was carried out using a JASCO V550 UV–vis spectrometer. Photocatalytic degradation reaction The photocatalytic degradation of a dye solution under visible and

• centrifuged at 6000 rpm to measure the dye concentrations. The dye concentration was analyzed by UV–vis spectroscopy (Hitachi U2900) with maximum adsorption wavelengths of MB and MO of 664 nm and 464 nm, respectively [29][30]. The degradation efficiency was calculated using Equation 3. where c0 is the initial

• dye concentration and ct is the dye concentration at a given reaction time. Determination of the antibacterial efficiency against E. coli The experiment was conducted using three different concentrations of ZnO NPs (1, 5, and 10 mg/mL) and two concentrations of E. coli (5·104 and 5·105 CFU/mL). After

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• to have excellent biocompatibility with cells [70]. Ramanarayanan and Swaminathan utilized guava leaves to prepare CDs, which were then utilized for the synthesis of a CD-TiO2 nanocomposite. The CD-TiO2 nanocomposite possesses good photocatalytic ability to degrade methylene blue dye [71]. White

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• , such as pH value, catalyst dosage, and the additional amount of H2O2. LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 perovskite oxides could operate efficiently under pH 3.5, catalyst dosage of 50 mg/150 mL, and H2O2 concentration of 133 ppm to decompose the MB dye in the 1st order kinetic rate constant of 0.0506 s−1. Keywords

• without proper solutions would eventually significantly affect natural ecology and people’s quality of life. Dyes are widely used in various living areas, such as paint, leather, textiles, oil wax, etc. Accordingly, a large amount of dye wastewater is produced every day. Dye wastewater refers to dyes

• remaining in the aqueous solution during the textile process. The amount of dye wastewater is enormous and has gradually become the main wastewater discharged in the industry [6]. At present, dyes are mainly divided into azo dyes, thiazine dyes, acridine dyes, and aryl methane dyes. Due to their complex

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• heterojunction exhibited a synergetic effect, improving the photocatalytic activity for both hydrogen generation and organic dye degradation [10][11]). Similarly, the anatase/brookite heterojunction (38.2% brookite) also exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of cylindrospermopsin under UV–vis light [12

• photodegradation of the orange II dye of brookite varies with the annealing temperature [20]. These differences in the photocatalytic activity of brookite were generally considered as factors such as the specific surface area, crystallite size, and crystallinity [9][21]. But whether the local atomic structure of

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• disulfide (MoS2) was prepared on substrates coated with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) to substitute the platinum counter electrode (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Herein, we synthesized layered and honeycomb-like MoS2 thin films via the cyclic voltammetry (CV) route. Thickness and morphology

• : cyclic voltammetry (CV); dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs); electrocatalytic activity; honeycomb-like; molybdenum disulfide (MoS2); thin film; Introduction Since Grätzel’s first report in 1991, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been the subject of much research due to the easy fabrication process

• and respectable efficiency [1]. This promising third generation of solar cells contains a dye-adsorbed TiO2 photoanode, an iodide/triiodide electrolyte, and a platinum-based cathode, also known as the counter electrode (CE). However, the high cost of platinum has prevented the real-world application of

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• under the same irradiation conditions [53]. A typical experiment to test the reusability of an Au–ZnO substrate consisted of immersing the substrate in a dye solution for 12 h and characterizing it by SERS. Afterwards, the substrate is immersed in ultrapure water and exposed to UV irradiation for 1 h to

• applications for optoelectronic devices, namely light-emitting diodes for both UV and visible light [89]. Also, the combination with metallic nanoparticles has been proposed for enhanced UV light-emitting diodes [90]. Another significant application of ZnO-based substrates is to boost the performance of dye

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• was evaluated. After the treatment of 3T3 cells with different concentrations of MZG for 24 h, 100 µM of H2O2 was used to treat the 3T3 cells. The capability of protecting cells from damage was accessed by the cell viability assay. After that, 2′7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) dye

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• increasing power densities. In vitro photothermal ablation of A375 cells. (a) Bright-field microscopy showing the health conditions of A375 cells treated with saline or increasing concentrations of NPCs, in the presence or absence of NIR irradiation. Cells were stained with Trypan blue dye to visualize dead

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• of dye-containing effluents into the aquatic environments. It is reported that 200 billion liters of dye-containing effluents are produced annually by the textile industry alone, and approximately 50% of the effluent is cleared directly into the waterways [75]. Though organic dyes have been

• considered as a micropollutant, with the growing industrialization, organic dyes have become a significant issue in wastewater treatment. Whether the dye is cationic or anionic, electrospun nanohybrid membranes are used to treat a variety of dye-contaminated waters. Of the many methods of dye decontamination

• incorporation of 1.0 wt % SiO2 rendered optimum water permeability and dye rejection. A 98% dye rejection of DR23 was shown by the optimum nanofiber composite when operated for 20 min under 1711 LMH (under 0.4 bar applied pressure) of high water flux [76]. The same group fabricated a clay-based electrospun

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• partial PEI oxidation during the synthesis. Here, we demonstrate in vitro dye-free optical imaging and successful gene transfection with luminescent SPION@bPEI, which was further modified for receptor-mediated delivery of the cargo selectively to cancer cell lines overexpressing the epidermal growth

• in many in vitro studies including, for example, flow cytometry or fluorescence imaging, since the luminescence of the polymer was not detected [18][33][34]. Unfortunately, the luminescence of the fluorophores (dye or quantum dots) that are active in the visible range is usually significantly reduced

• are SPIONs conjugated with luminescent quantum dots (QD) [44][45][46][47] or tagged with luminescent dyes such as indocyanine green (ICG) [48]. Here, we demonstrate the utility of intensely blue-luminescent, small, and cationic SPION@bPEI in dye-free optical detection and therapeutic gene transfection

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• ]. The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of drug-functionalized MFe2O4 NPs in hindering MDR pump activity in HepG2 and HT144 cells after a 24 h treatment at IC50 doses. The retention of the fluorometric dye was estimated relative to NTC (Figure 9c). Among DOX nanocarriers in HepG2, CFO+DOX

• and ZFO+DOX produced maximum significant inhibition of the MDR pump, with up to 6.8-fold (p < 0.005) dye retention compared to NTC. Similarly, among MTX nanocarriers, the highest dye retention of up to 4-fold was observed in CFO+MTX and ZFO+MTX (p < 0.05). Dye retention in free DOX and MTX was lower

• (3- and 1.9-fold, respectively). Cyclosporin A, used as positive control, caused inhibition of MDR up to 4-fold. Similar results were obtained in HT144 cells. Among DOX nanocarriers, CFO+DOX and ZFO+DOX were responsible for the maximum inhibition of the MDR pump (up to 7-fold, p < 0.005), whereas dye

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• by GCoS. (a) Overview, (b) microneedle outlet and shank, (c) inlet with microchannels, (d) outlet with microchannels, (e,f) cross-section of microchannels with two and five cavities. (g) A coronal brain cross-section micrograph with the infusion of a dye at the posterior nucleus, (h) a horizontal

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• surface modifications were tested using a negatively charged oligonucleotide labeled with Black Hole Quencher dye. Only the addition of copper ions into the analyte solution yielded a good SERS signal. Considering the strong interaction of copper ions with the oligonucleotide molecules, we suppose that

• remaining polymer molecules are not able to generate a strong positive charge at the surface but they improve the adsorption of the analyte molecules due to hydrogen bonding and donor–acceptor and lipophilic interactions. SERS analysis of dye-labeled oligonucleotides Biomolecules such as nucleotides and

• for bioconjugation [34]. Thus, oligonucleotide SERS spectra can indicate a positive charge of the SERS substrate surface. An oligonucleotide was labeled with a Black Hole Quencher dye (BHQ1) for better spectrum recognition due to exclusion of characteristic peaks with background fluorescence, which is

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production

• Zhao-Qi Sheng,
• Yu-Qin Xing,
• Yan Chen,
• Guang Zhang,
• Shi-Yong Liu and
• Long Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50

• semicrystalline counterparts. Dye sensitization further enhanced the photocatalytic activity of P67. Remarkably, incorporating a near-infrared absorbing dye (WS5F) into P67 (252.5 μmol·h−1, 25 mg) further improved the HER to 497.5 mmol·h−1 (25 mg), which was attributed to the enhanced light absorption and

Interface interaction of transition metal phthalocyanines with strontium titanate (100)

• Reimer Karstens,
• Thomas Chassé and
• Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 485–496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.39

• at interfaces; strontium titanate; transition metal phthalocyanines; Introduction Interfaces between organic semiconductors and oxides are of increasing fundamental interest. Such interfaces determine key properties of a broad variety of electronic devices. Common examples are dye-sensitized solar

• supports the presence of an additional TiO2 layer on the STO substrate. FePc (dye content 90%), CoPc and CoPcF16 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Steinheim, Germany), and FePcF16 was purchased from Synthon Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG (Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany). FePc and FePcF16 powders were

Intracranial recording in patients with aphasia using nanomaterial-based flexible electronics: promises and challenges

• Qingchun Wang and
• Wai Ting Siok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 330–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.27

• known. Theodor Meynert pioneered the histological examination of the human brain in 1867 by using a blue dye to observe neuron cells in distinct portions of the cerebral cortex [13]. He observed that different parts of the cerebral cortex had different cell structures and found that sensory input was