Microwave photon detection by an Al Josephson junction

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton A. Yablokov,
• Igor V. Rakut,
• Victor O. Zbrozhek and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 960–965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.80

• of the junction was ramped up at a constant rate of . The voltage was measured using a low-noise room-temperature differential amplifier AD745 and was fed to a high-speed NI ADC-card. This signal was used to trigger a fast record of the switching current value. This procedure was repeated at least 5

Band tail state related photoluminescence and photoresponse of ZnMgO solid solution nanostructured films

• Vadim Morari,
• Aida Pantazi,
• Nicolai Curmei,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Emil V. Rusu,
• Marius Enachescu,
• Ion M. Tiginyanu and
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 899–910, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.75

• by spray pyrolysis are due to inhomogeneous distribution of intrinsic defects or unintentional doping impurities, as previously observed in undoped [38][49] or Cu, Ni, Co, or Al doped [46][50] ZnO materials, instead of local composition fluctuations. Usually, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• little investigated, albeit they are promising candidates for electrocatalysis, especially for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, nickel nanoparticles (from Ni(COD)2) were supported on CTF-1 materials, which were synthesized from 1,4-dicyanobenzene at 400 °C and 600 °C by the ionothermal

• method. CTF-1-600 and Ni/CTF-1-600 show high catalytic activity towards OER and a clear activity for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Ni/CTF-1-600 requires 374 mV overpotential in OER to reach 10 mA/cm2, which outperforms the benchmark RuO2 catalyst, which requires 403 mV under the

• same conditions. Ni/CTF-1-600 displays an OER catalytic activity comparable with many nickel-based electrocatalysts and is a potential candidate for OER. The same Ni/CTF-1-600 material shows a half-wave potential of 0.775 V for ORR, which is slightly lower than that of commercial Pt/C (0.890 V

Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach

• Edgar Cruz Valeriano,
• José Juan Gervacio Arciniega,
• Christian Iván Enriquez Flores,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Joel Moreno Palmerin,
• Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde,
• Yuri Lizbeth Chipatecua Godoy,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta,
• Rafael Ramírez Bon and
• José Martín Yañez Limón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 703–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.58

• carried out using a NI PXIe-1073 device, which includes a NI 7961R FPGA, a NI 5762 digitizer at 200MS/s/ch and a PXI 6363DAQ from National Instruments. The white-noise signal is generated by a function waveform generator HP/Agilent 33120A. BudgetSensors diamond-coated silicon probes, 450 µm long with a

• . For this work, a stochastic signal is used for the tip–sample excitation because it can extract all the system dynamics, i.e., persistent excitation in the system theory field [23][24]. A FFT of the deflection signal from the photodiodes is computed by the NI PXIe-1073 device. One FFT is carried out

• us to carry out in-depth analyses of local mechanical properties with a suitable model capable of making a relation between resonance frequency and indentation modulus. Experimental setup for S-AFAM, using a NI PXIe-1073 device and a function waveform generator HP/Agilent 33120A. Contact resonance

Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

• Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 695–702, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.57

• enhances the photoresponse and the rectification properties of the ITO device. Single or double metal thin films of Ag, Al, Ti, Au, Cr, or Ni have been embedded between ITO layers [4][8][14][15][16][17]. Free electrons in the metal/ITO materials accelerate the separation of charge carriers and hence

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• researchers to look into other layered materials, such as metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, WSe2), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), layered double hydroxides, metal hydroxides (Ni(OH)2, Co(OH)2), metal oxides (MoO3, WO3) and phyllosilicates, for various applications in different fields [2][3][4][5]. Among the

Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic performance of 0D/2D CuO/tourmaline composite photocatalysts

• Changqiang Yu,
• Min Wen,
• Zhen Tong,
• Shuhua Li,
• Yanhong Yin,
• Xianbin Liu,
• Yesheng Li,
• Tongxiang Liang,
• Ziping Wu and
• Dionysios D. Dionysiou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 407–416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.31

• using step scan mode performed with a DX-2700 diffractometer (Dandong Haoyuan Instrument Co. Ltd., China) with Ni-filtered Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.1.541 Å), 10–80° 2θ scan. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were recorded using a K-ALPHA instrument (ThermoFisher Scientific, USA). A MIRA3 field emission

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• properties are regarded as very promising materials for pseudocapacitors [15][16]. Particularly, NiMoO4 has been widely applied in high-performance pseudocapacitors due to its enhanced electrochemical properties resulting from the high electrochemical activity of the Ni ion and the superb electrical

• , which exhibited a capacitance of 3.6 F/cm2 at 3 mA/cm2, a capacitance retention of 82% and an increase of the current density from 3 to 15 mA/cm2 [21]. Cai et al. reported a facile two-step hydrothermal method to synthesize unique 3D Co3O4/NiMoO4 core/shell nanowire arrays on Ni foam, and the resulting

• Co3O4/NiMoO4 hybrid electrode exhibited an areal capacitance of 5.7 F/cm2 at a current density of 30 mA/cm2 [22]. Zhang et al. described the fabrication of 3D hierarchical Co3O4/NiMoO4 flower-like hybrid arrays on Ni foam with a high specific capacitance of 636.8 C/g at a current density of 5 mA/cm2 and

An investigation on the drag reduction performance of bioinspired pipeline surfaces with transverse microgrooves

• Weili Liu,
• Hongjian Ni,
• Peng Wang and
• Yi Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 24–40, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.3

• Weili Liu Hongjian Ni Peng Wang Yi Zhou School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China Department of

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• concentration. Due to their excellent properties and cost efficiency, gas sensors based on metal oxide semiconductors, such as ZnO [5], SnO2 [6], WO3 [7], TiO2 [8], Er-SnO2 [9], Au-In2O3 [10], GO-WO3 [11] and Ni-SnO2/G [12] have been widely studied until now. However, their sensing properties regarding low

Formation of metal/semiconductor Cu–Si composite nanostructures

• Natalya V. Yumozhapova,
• Andrey V. Nomoev,
• Vyacheslav V. Syzrantsev and
• Erzhena C. Khartaeva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2497–2504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.240

• can be oxides, noble metals, phosphates or polymers [3][4]. Compositions of materials that are immiscible in the bulk state, such as Mo–Cu [5], Ag–Si [6], Ag–Cu [7], Au–Ni [8], are of special interest. Shells can have both a smooth spherical or a polyhedral shape, can have mesopores [9] or dendrites

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• lithography and a metallic hard mask (Ti/Ni), we have realized micropillar arrays with a height of 4.5 µm, a diameter of 700 nm, and a pitch of 4 µm. The fabrication process (Figure 1a–d) started with coating the samples with photoresist (AZ5214E) and exposing them to a UV laser (λ = 365 nm, Heidelberg µPG101

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• magnetization can be increased with a high loading of SPIONs, the formation of a mixture of iron oxide species (α-Fe2O4, Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O4) becomes inevitable. However, the surface of iron oxide can be modified with various transition heteroatoms including Ni, Mn, Co, and Cu, leading to family of spinel

• form aggregates, exert variable oxidation states and result in dose-dependent toxicity. Several supports, including silica and carbon, were used to reduce such aggregation. Notably, different types of nanocomposites were reported based on Co, Ni, Mn and Fe over mesoporous carbon capsules [8]. A carbon

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.213 Abstract Transition metal compounds such as nickel cobalt sulfides (Ni–Co–S) are promising electrode materials for energy storage devices such as supercapacitors owing to their high electrochemical performance and good

• (TMDs), are attractive as energy-storage electrode materials. This is because the ultrathin structures are fully exposed to the active sites, leading to high electrical conductivity [8][9][10]. In previous reports, Ni–Co chalcogenides have always been combined with carbon-based materials such as

• graphene, graphene oxide (GO) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in order to improve the charge–discharge process stability [11][12][13]. There are limited reports regarding a comparison of the intrinsic performance between these Ni–Co chalcogenides materials. Even pure Ni–Co chalcogenide nanomaterials have been

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• Xiao-Yu Sun Xian Zhang Xiao Sun Ni-Xian Qian Min Wang Yong-Qing Ma Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China School of Electronic Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China Institute

Nanostructured and oriented metal–organic framework films enabling extreme surface wetting properties

• Andre Mähringer,
• Julian M. Rotter and
• Dana D. Medina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1994–2003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.196

• report on the synthesis of highly oriented and nanostructured metal–organic framework (MOF) films featuring extreme surface wetting properties. The Ni- and Co- derivatives of the metal–catecholate series (M-CAT-1) were synthesized as highly crystalline bulk materials and thin films. Oriented pillar-like

• properties with water and underwater oil-contact angles of 0° and up to 174°, respectively. The self-cleaning capability of the nanostructured, needle-like M-CAT-1 films was illustrated by measuring time-dependent oil droplet rolling-off a tilted surface. The deposition of the nanostructured Ni-CAT-1 film on

• synthesis of highly oriented, nanostructured MOF films that mimic architectures observed in nature, resulting in highly unusual, extreme surface wetting properties. For the synthesis, the Ni- and Co-derivatives of the metal–catecholate series (M-CAT-1) were selected [66]. First, these M-CAT-1 derivatives

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• NiO (JCPDS Card No. 44-1159). Besides, the EDX spectrum indicates the existence of only Ni, O, and C elements in the electrode material (Figure S8, Supporting Information File 1). Furthermore, XRD and Raman confirmed NiO in the sample. The XRD pattern (Figure 6a) shows two peaks at 43.2° and 62.9

• °, which can be ascribed to (012) and (110) planes of NiO (JCPDS Card No. 44-1159). Apart from NiO, we can also see the peaks at 44.5° and 51.8°, responding to (111) and (200) planes of Ni (JCPDS Card No. 04-0850). This result reveals that NiO has a Ni core. The Raman spectrum shows an additional peak at

• 490 cm−1 of CC-CNT@NiO, when compared to the pure CC-CNT substrate, verifying successful synthesis of NiO on the CC-CNT substrate (Figure 6b) [35]. The XPS spectrum in Figure S5b (Supporting Information File 1) also demonstrates the existence of Ni, O, and C in CC-CNT@NiO. The spectrum of Ni 2p

Oblique angle deposition of nickel thin films by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering

• Hamidreza Hajihoseini,
• Movaffaq Kateb,
• Snorri Þorgeir Ingvarsson and
• Jon Tomas Gudmundsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1914–1921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.186

• incidence on the structural and magnetic properties of Ni thin films deposited using dcMS and HiPIMS. We chose to work with pure Ni rather than NiFe alloys because it rejects many proposed explanations for uniaxial anisotropy based on alloying, i.e., directional ordering of Fe/Ni atom pairs [46], shape

• ). For this aim, the edges of the substrate were marked before deposition. After deposition, the samples were sonicated in an ethanol/isopropanol mixture to remove the marker and the nickel on top of it (lift-off process). Cross sections of the Ni films were studied using a Leo Supra 25 scanning electron

• . Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) was performed on 10 × 10 mm2 sized samples at 300 K. Variable magnetic fields up to ±1 T were used for magnetic measurements. Results and Discussion Thin film structure Figure 1 shows the film density, deposition rate and surface roughness of Ni films deposited by HiPIMS

Prestress-loading effect on the current–voltage characteristics of a piezoelectric p–n junction together with the corresponding mechanical tuning laws

• Wanli Yang,
• Shuaiqi Fan,
• Yuxing Liang and
• Yuantai Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1833–1843, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.178

• concentrations in the p-zone and n-zone, respectively. ni stands for the intrinsic carrier concentration in the thermal equilibrium state. Based on the depletion layer hypothesis, we obtain the charge balance condition In addition, the contact potential difference of SCZ under nonzero σ can be solved as It

• shows the carrier redistribution under two different compressive stresses, with the results being opposite to that during tensile loading. Finally, it should be noted that the carrier concentrations are normalized as (p̄, n̄) = (p(n0,p0)(x), n(n0,p0)(x))/ni in Figure 2e and Figure 2f. Non-equilibrium

• (n0,p0)(x), n(n0,p0)(x))/ni. Finally, we note from Figure 6a an interesting phenomenon at V = 0.0 V that current density js > 0 for a compressive loading and js < 0 for a tensile loading, which comes from an equivalent forward- (reverse-) bias voltage on the SCZ produced by the mechanical loadings

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• calibrated using peptide standards (ProteoMass MALDI–MS Standard) at 757.3997 (bradykinin fragment 1–7), 1533.8582 Da (P14R), and 2465.1989 Da (ACTH fragment 18–39). The and the PSD of DP were calculated using the following equations: where is the number average molecular weight, Ni is the peak area of i

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• different dispersion times before microwave-induced decomposition of the precursors on the phase purity, as well as the influence of the time of microwave-induced decomposition on the crystallinity of the NiGa nanoparticles. Microwave-induced co-decomposition of all-hydrocarbon precursors [Ni(COD)2] (COD

• = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and GaCp* (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) in the ionic liquid [BMIm][NTf2] selectively yields small intermetallic Ni/Ga nanocrystals of 5 ± 1 nm as derived from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy

• The synthesis of Ni nanoparticles is well known and is most commonly carried out in organic solvents using reducing agents [1], thermal decomposition [2] or reductive hydrogenation [3]. Applications for Ni nanoparticles are Wittig-type olefination [4], Suzuki cross-coupling [5] and catalytic

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• flexibility upon downsizing of DUT-8(Ni) crystals [17][18]. In a similar fashion, the suppression of gate opening in ZIF-8 upon crystal downsizing was previously reported [10][11][12][13] and Kitagawa and co-workers reported on a shape–memory effect of the gate-opening transition upon crystal downsizing in a

• a series of flexible MOFs with predominantly one-dimensional channels [29]. In that investigation, the pgo in DUT-8(Ni) and SNU-9 isotherms was found to be shifted to higher pressures upon cycling. In contrast, the cycling of MIL-53 and ELM-11 was found to only slightly impact the adsorption

• behavior. The analysis of the SNU-9 and DUT-8(Ni) crystals before and after cycling showed deformation and fragmentation of the relatively large crystals compared to the microcrystals of MIL-53 and ELM-11, which were not affected by the cycling. This indicates that larger crystals are more prone to undergo

Giant magnetoresistance ratio in a current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valve based on an inverse Heusler alloy Ti₂NiAl

• Yu Feng,
• Zhou Cui,
• Bo Wu,
• Jianwei Li,
• Hongkuan Yuan and
• Hong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1658–1665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.161

• CPP-SV device are in parallel magnetization configuration, the interface containing Ti and Ni atoms possesses a higher spin up transmission coefficient than the interface containing Ti and Al atoms. The device with the TiNiB-terminated interface possesses the largest magnetoresistance ratio of 3.28

• employed as a semi-infinite left and right electrode, and Ag is selected to be the middle spacer layer. For bulk Ti2NiAl, one Ti atom locates at the (0, 0, 0) site, which is described as TiA, and the other locates at the (0.25, 0.25, 0.25) site, which is described as TiB, where Ni and Al sit at (0.5, 0.5

• , 0.5) and (0.75, 0.75, 0.75) sites. When Ti2NiAl is applied to the device, there are two ideal terminations along the (1 0 0) direction: TiNi and TiAl. The TiNi-terminated interface can be further categorized into two patterns: (i) a TiNiT-terminated interface where interfacial Ti and Ni atoms sit on

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• the MOF formation to the liquid interface. The interfacially grown BHT–Ni network film of 1–2 µm thickness exhibited X-ray diffraction patterns corresponding to a crystalline network structure. Takada et al. adopted a similar technique to form electrochromic bis(terpyridine)metal complex nanosheets

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

• Pei Wang,
• Katarzyna Kulp and
• Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

• to solve these issues are focused on the optimization of the catalyst, such as alloying Pt with a second metal such as Ni, Ru and Pd [20][21][22][23][24] or using Pt-metal oxide composites such as Pt/SnO2 and Pt/CeO2 [24][25][26][27][28]. Additionally, a variety of catalyst preparation methods, e.g