Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• shows that the absorption of DPBF solution in both vials is nearly identical. This means that the CQDs/PU sample does not produce singlet oxygen, which confirms the previous results obtained by EPR and luminescence at 1270 nm. Ge et al. reported earlier that graphene quantum dots generate singlet oxygen

• through energy transfer to molecular oxygen [21]. Chong et al. claimed that superoxide anions are involved in the generation of singlet oxygen, implying that electron transfer is an intermediate step for the generation of singlet oxygen by photoexcited graphene quantum dots [20]. In nitrogen-doped

• graphene, depending on the doping procedure, the nitrogen moieties include graphitic N together with pyrrolic and pyridinic nitrogen and amino groups [37][38][39]. Bianco et al. reported recently that pyridine nitrogen can be a reactive center and activates other reactive centers at the adjacent carbon

Liquid phase exfoliation of talc: effect of the medium on flake size and shape

• Samuel M. Sousa,
• Helane L. O. Morais,
• Joyce C. C. Santos,
• Ana Paula M. Barboza,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• Elisângela S. Pinto and
• Mariana C. Prado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 68–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.8

• allows it to be employed to obtain nanoflakes of a collection of materials such as graphene [3][7], hexagonal boron nitride [8], transition metal dichalcogenides [9], and others [10][11]. Although the experimental setup is generally designed as described before [6], numerous parameters must be adjusted

• pharmaceutical and cosmetics uses [17]. It was shown that monolayer talc has outstanding mechanical properties of the same order of magnitude as graphene [12]. The breaking strength for uniaxial deformations ranges from 29 to 33 N·m−1, and the two-dimensional elasticity modulus is E = 181 N·m−1. Also, talc’s

• flexural rigidity is about three times that of graphene but it can be bent to small curvatures without fracturing. These properties make nanoscale talc a promising candidate for the application [14][15][18] as reinforcement for polymers and other composites, including biocompatible materials, and van der

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• monolayers of graphene and MoS2 [43][44]. Another advantage of the cone format is the possibility of capturing more water at the larger diameter entrance, without losing the high flow at the reduced diameter in other parts of the cone. As the example of the Namibian desert beetle shows, the introduction of

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• isoalloxazine rings and a sidewall of SWCNTs [17][18]. Flavin derivatives compounds are known to extract specific (n,m) SWCNTs from dispersions in organic solvents [19][20]. Moreover, flavin mononucleotide phosphate could be used as a stabilizer for graphene aqueous dispersions [21]. Although proven to

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• 42.6° correspond to the d-spacing between graphene sheets and the lateral correlation of graphite layers, which is presentative for MWCNTs [27]. Additionally, the XRD pattern of TiO2 exhibits peaks at 25.4° and 48.2°, ascribed to the anatase phase, while the other peaks at 27.6° and 36.2° are

• electrodes [38]. The results reveal a significant improvement in the electrical conductivity for the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode. The result agrees well with a previous study on TiO2@graphene composite electrodes [37]. Among the electrodes, the EDL capacitance (C2) at the TiO2 electrode surface is the lowest (1.32

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• probe using bioinformatics tools, and it was also validated in wet-lab experiments. As a detection platform, a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) enhanced with a nanocomposite containing gold nanoparticles and graphene was used. The morphology of the nanoparticles was analysed by field-emission

• the applications of impedance DNA hybridisation biosensors for the detection of a number of analytes [31][32][33][34]. Nanomaterials may significantly enhance biosensor performance, stability, repeatability, and sensitivity [35][36][37][38][39]. Among various nanomaterials, graphene (Gr) [40] and gold

• nanoparticles (AuNPs) [32] based nanocomposites are well established [41] due to their excellent performance. In particular, self-decorated AuNPs in the honeycomb-structured graphene lattice could facilitate the accommodation of a greater number of recognition probes. In addition, Gr is a nanomaterial with a

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• shows zero activity in the visible region. Keywords: carbon modification; hexagonal boron nitride (HBN); LED light; phenol; photocatalysis; Introduction Hexagonal boron nitride (HBN) commonly known as white graphene belongs to a class of two-dimensional layered crystalline materials. It comprises

• boron (B) and nitrogen (N) atoms in equal stoichiometry in a honeycomb-like arrangement comparable to that of graphene [1][2][3]. Its interlayer stacking consists of a sandwich-type arrangement of B and N atoms. The N atom is more electronegative than the B atom, leading to polarization and localization

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• -type Bi2O3 CB. In the Bi2O3/Bi2S3 photocatalytic system, electrons and holes participate directly in the redox process. In another reported work, a BiOI/Bi2O2CO3/graphene ternary composite was fabricated via a facile and economic hydrothermal technique [98]. In order to assess the newly constructed

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• ][24]. Jiménez-Sánchez et al. [25] studied the extraction of Ir clusters from graphene (by indentation) on the surface of Rh(111) to fabricate AFM sharp nano-tips, i.e., with weak van der Waals interactions. Experiments were performed under ultrahigh pressure and low temperature (5 K) conditions using

• average diameter of the tip generated under this method is 10 ± 5 nm. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that this tip type is a multi-walled nanotube (MWNT) formed by ordered graphene walls. In any case, however, the pore growth method does not allow the growth of a single carbon nanotube at the

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• , is the main cause of neurodegenerative diseases. Qing et al. used a chiral cysteine- (L/R-Cys) modified graphene oxide (GO) to study the chirality of the aggregation process of the chiral amyloid β-protein(1-40) (Aβ(1-40)) [152]. The adsorption behaviors of Aβ(1–40) monomers and oligomers by QCM

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• discussed in detail. 2 Inorganic nanomaterials for MEG 2.1 Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles Among inorganic nanomaterials, carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, metal oxides, and transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs) have been reported so far regarding applications in

• exploiting the flow potential in nanochannels [34][39][40][41][42][43][44]. In 2014, Jun Yin et al. harvested wave energy using a single-layer graphene sheet [8][45]. The device produced a detectable electrical signal between the upper and lower electrodes when the graphene sheet was not fully immersed in

• the solution and was moved vertically. The electrical output signal was about 60 mV and 4 μA (Figure 2a,b). Yin’s research group also studied the voltage response of graphene layers to moving droplets [34], and the variables in the experiment included the number of graphene layers, droplet size, and

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• materials, are summarized in Table 4. Natural polymer-based CDs Numerous natural polymers, including proteins and polysaccharides, have been used to obtain CDs (Table 5). Chen and co-workers used starch as a source to synthesize graphene quantum dots (CDs) via a one-pot hydrothermal method. They also

• the recombination of trapped excitons causes the redshifted emission. Liu et al. reported the synthesis of highly photoluminescent CDs, which were then further separated into yellow emitting crystalline graphene quantum dots and green emitting amorphous carbon nanodots using a silica gel column. Even

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• , researchers have tried several ways to develop different materials using chitosan-based nanocomposites of silver, copper, gold, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and biosilica. The combination of materials helps in the expression of ideal bone formation genes of alkaline

• oxide, zinc oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and biosilica was developed to improve bone scaffolds for better bone tissue repair and regeneration [11]. In tissue engineering applications, nanoscale topological characteristics influence cell adhesion, survival, proliferation, and differentiation

• and regeneration [14]. Nanomaterials such as silver [15], gold [16][17], titanium oxide [18], zinc oxide [19][20], carbon nanotubes [21][22], graphene [23] and biosilica have been studied in terms of their osteogenic potential in stem cell differentiation. Chitosan materials are often combined with

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• an octahedron shape, and its size increases compared with that of pristine MIL101(Fe). In previous reports, graphene quantum dots changed the balance of organic ligands, which led to the change of MIL101(Fe) size [38]. In addition, Liao et al. reported that morphology or size of MOFs are dependent on

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• AgCuCo (0.6:1.5:1.5, 2:1:1, and 6:1:1) oxide NPs supported on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) matrix. Morphology, composition, and functional groups were methodically analysed using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The as-prepared electrocatalysts were employed as cathode substrates for

• ; microwave synthesis; oxygen electroreduction; reduced graphene oxide; silver NPs; Introduction Fuel cells and rechargeable metal–air batteries have become an integral part of the renewable energy system because of their superior efficiency, high power density, and reliability. Also, they are

• electrocatalyst. Results and Discussion The microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis connecting graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with bi- and trimetallic precursors under alkaline conditions is presented in Figure 1. GO serves as functional network and conducting matrix, while PVP acts as structure-directing agent

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• MD/binary collision approximation (BCA) simulations. ReaxFF simulations can cover a broad range of applications: from DNA molecule bombardments with heavy atoms [31] to graphene layer deposition on copper surfaces [32]. Numerous simulations using the ReaxFF potential have been conducted in the past

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• hybrid structures with graphene [13]. However, all these experiments were made without useful power load and could not be used for real experiments with detectors. The only experiments with optical power load, demonstrating background-limited operation, were carried out in [5][6][14]. Typical electron

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• ZIKV NS1 compared to NS1 of DENV and YFV. Furthermore, graphene field-effect transistor devices functionalized with ZIKV60 exhibit an evident identification of NS1 protein diluted in human serum. These results point to the applicability of biosensors based on the ZIKV60 aptamer for the differential

• diagnosis of the Zika virus. Keywords: aptamer; biosensor; graphene; NS1 protein; Zika virus; Introduction The genus Flavivirus comprises 53 virus species that are transmitted by mosquitoes, and the majority of these have the potential to infect humans. Mosquito-transmitted viruses are a significant

• number BR1020210252790), exhibits high binding affinity to NS1 with a Kd value in the nanomolar range. Also, this ligand showed a higher specificity for ZIKV than for DENV and YFV. Furthermore, we functionalized multiple graphene field-effect transistors with ZIKV60 to demonstrate, by electrical

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• layer of 2D material, such as graphene [27][28], hexagonal boron nitride [29][30][31] and MoS2 [32][33]. Moreover, an organic layer inserted between the substrate and the overlayer has been shown to be effective in improving the order of the molecular film [34][35] or restoring its original electronic

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• 4710-057, Portugal 10.3762/bjnano.13.70 Abstract Mass production and commercial adoption of graphene-based devices are held back by a few crucial technical challenges related to quality control. In the case of graphene produced by chemical vapor deposition, the transfer process represents a delicate

• step that can compromise device performance and reliability, thus hindering industrial production. In this context, the impact of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the most common support material for transferring graphene from the Cu substrate to any target surface, can be decisive in obtaining

• reproducible sample batches. Although effective in mechanically supporting graphene during the transfer, PMMA solutions needs to be efficiently designed, deposited, and post-treated to serve their purpose while minimizing potential contaminations. Here, we prepared and tested PMMA solutions with different

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• properties have been obtained by the synthesis of different materials, but also low-dimensional materials with different properties than those of bulk materials have been synthesized by physical and chemical methods. For instance, Bingjun Yang used one-dimensional graphene nanoscroll-wrapped MnO

• improved by adjusting the composition and type of solutions used in the liquid-phase exfoliation [15][16][17]. This theory has been successfully used for improving the exfoliation efficiency in several low-dimensional materials, such as carbon, graphene, metal oxides, and fibrous phosphorus. [18]. In a

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• graphene oxide networks, (c) carbon nanotubes, and (d) boron nitride networks. Figure 4 was reprinted with permission from [111], Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. (a) Schematic illustration of synthesis of SOM-ZIF-8. SOM stands for single-crystal ordered

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• the fabrication of a robust, nonenzymatic electrochemical-sensing electrode modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) to detect PT residues in environmental samples (e.g., soil, water) as well as in vegetables and cereals. The ERGO sensor shows a significantly affected

• ; graphene oxide; nonenzymatic approach; parathion; pesticides; square-wave voltammetry; Introduction Crop production is constantly increasing to fulfil the demands of the growing population. The protection of crops against insects is a big challenge for our society. Pesticides have indiscriminately been

• activities at the electrode surface, potentially leading to the fabrication of nonenzymatic electrochemical nanosensors for detecting specific OPs on the electroactive surface [2][11][17][18][19]. For example, electrochemical sensing platforms modified with zirconia-embedded PEDOT membrane, graphene

Modeling a multiple-chain emeraldine gas sensor for NH₃ and NO₂ detection

• Hana Sustkova and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64

• gradient approximated (GGA) Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange–correlation functional was used. Guo et al. [5] investigated the graphene/polyaniline adsorption energy of NH3, CO, NO, and H2 using DFT and molecular dynamics computations. From this, graphene/PANI is highly sensitive to NH3 in comparison

Tunable high-quality-factor absorption in a graphene monolayer based on quasi-bound states in the continuum

• Jun Wu,
• Yasong Sun,
• Feng Wu,
• Biyuan Wu and
• Xiaohu Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.59

• /bjnano.13.59 Abstract A tunable graphene absorber, composed of a graphene monolayer and a substrate spaced by a subwavelength dielectric grating, is proposed and investigated. Strong light absorption in the graphene monolayer is achieved due to the formation of embedded optical quasi-bound states in the

• , which can also be utilized as a thermal emitter. Besides, the spectral position of the absorption peak can not only be adjusted by changing the geometrical parameters of dielectric grating, but it is also tunable by a small change in the Fermi level of the graphene sheet. This novel scheme to tune the

• absorption of graphene may find potential applications for the realization of ultrasensitive biosensors, photodetectors, and narrow-band filters. Keywords: bound states in the continuum; graphene; gratings; selective absorption; Introduction Absorbers possess a wide range of applications, including radar