Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• temperature and reactivity. With broad applications in therapy [22][23], laser combined imaging, solar vapour generation [24], and biosensors [25], the global market for PT devices is expected to be a multimillion dollar enterprise by 2025 [26]. This review will focus on concepts such as the theoretical

• surrounding medium [63]: PLSPR is the power absorbed by the nanoparticle, ε0 and μ0 are, respectively, the permittivity and permeability of vacuum, nm is the refractive index of the surrounding medium, and is the amplitude of the transverse incident wave of the laser source. Equation 24 can be simplified in

• through pump–probe laser spectroscopy [83]. From the slope of this transient reflectivity curve, the coupling constant is arrived at, from which the lattice temperature is calculated through the two-temperature model by means of two coupled diffusion equations, where Te and Tl are, respectively, the

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• ). Laser scanning or spinning disc confocal microscopy, typically used for qualitative determination of NP uptake, can provide valuable insights into relative distribution and aggregation of NPs, which has been widely used in the field of nonviral gene delivery (reported in 82% of the papers, Figure 1a

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• laser irradiation and generate ROS, which synergizes with the subsequent release of CQ for anticancer effects. In the early stages of intervention with nanoagents and laser irradiation, both bare NPs and cancer cell membrane-encapsulated NPs exhibited good tumor suppressive effects. However, the tumors

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• poly(ethylene glycol) with α-CyDs, in which adjacent α-CyDs interact to provide physical crosslinkings. Cisplatin (purple circle) was loaded in the hydrogel. Under NIR-II laser irradiation, the localized photothermal effect directly ablates thermosensitive cancer cells. At the same time, the

• subject to CC BY 4.0. (a) Hydrogel production through pseudopolyrotaxane formation of poly(ethylene glycol) with α-CyDs. (b) Photothermal effect induced by the irradiation with NIR-II light (1064 nm laser). Simultaneously, a gel–sol transition occurred to release the drug (purple circles), promoting

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• Organisation, Sector-30C, Chandigarh-160030, India 10.3762/bjnano.14.20 Abstract The photothermal conversion efficiency of gold different nanoparticles (GNPs) in different concentrations (1.25–20 µg/mL) and at different irradiation intensities of near-infrared (NIR) broadband and NIR laser irradiation is

• evaluated. Results show that for a concentration of 20.0 µg/mL, 40 nm gold nanospheres, 25 × 47 nm gold nanorods (GNRs), and 10 × 41 nm GNRs show a 4–110% higher photothermal conversion efficiency under NIR broadband irradiation than under NIR laser irradiation. Broadband irradiation seems suitable to

• concentrations show almost equal efficiencies for NIR laser and broadband irradiation. On increasing the irradiation power from 0.3 to 0.5 W, for 10 × 41 nm GNRs in the concentration range of 2.5–20.0 µg/mL, NIR laser irradiation results in 5–32% higher efficiencies, while NIR broadband irradiation leads to a 6

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• carbon substrate and the chemical synthesis of PtNPs during catalyst fabrication. Platinum was deposited on carbon particles at room temperature using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system equipped with an ArF excimer laser (λ = 193 nm). The uniform deposition of PtNPs on carbon supports was achieved

• [27]. Direct deposition of PtNPs can be attained by the use of various physical vapor deposition techniques such as magnetron sputtering [28], sputtering [29], e-beam evaporation [30], dual ion-beam assisted deposition [31], and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [27][32][33]. Previously, PLD has been used

• method allows one to control the amount of deposited platinum by changing the fluency of the laser radiation on the surface of the target or by changing the number of laser pulses. In these studies, the amount of deposited Pt was controlled only by changing the number of laser pulses. The Pt deposition

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• CQDs/PU samples were dipped in a solution of TEMP in ethanol at a concentration of 30 mM and irradiated with a 3 W blue LED for 12 h. Time-resolved near-infrared luminescence of O2 (1Δg) at 1270 nm after excitation by Quantel Q-smart 450 Nd YAG laser (wavelength of 355 nm, pulse length of ca. 5 ns) was

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• measured by laser scanning microscopy (LSM, Olympus LEXT 4100). Morphology around decomposed areas (a–c). Distribution and composition of nanoflowers and particles outside the decomposition cavity in 10Au10Ni, respectively (d, e). Images (a–c) show 5Au15Ni, 10Au10Ni and 15Au5Ni, respectively. The dotted

Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers

• Ioan Ignat,
• Bernhard Schuster,
• Jonas Hafner,
• MinHee Kwon,
• Daniel Platz and
• Ulrich Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13

• opportunity to bring intermodal coupling techniques, derived from optomechanics, to AFM. It is easily accessible, with no hardware modifications and only requiring multifrequency excitation applied to the cantilever by either a piezoshaker or a modulated laser, found in many AFM setups. The field of

• -in measurement. An AFM microcantilever (Bruker RFESP-75) is glued to a piezoshaker and placed in a vacuum chamber (between 1.2 × 10−6 and 5 × 10−7 mbar) under a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) (Polytech MSA 500) to measure the cantilever’s resonance frequencies and mode shapes (Figure 1). A lock-in

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• DC component of the light results in a typical SPR curve while the modulated signal from the lock-in amplifier produces a more sensitive signal. This yields the variation in the optical constants as a function of the thermal modulation of the active element. An Oxxius single-frequency CW laser at

• SPR curve is slightly broader than the simulated one. This is due to experimental broadening (in particular, the divergence of the laser beam), surface roughness, and further temperature-induced degradation effects that are not taken into account in the simplified simulation setup employed. In order

• subsequent paper. At this stage, experiments with active elements of different sizes reveal that the ratio between heated and non-heated surface illuminated by the laser beam influences the intensity of this effect. The ability to observe these details demonstrates the high sensitivity of this technique to

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• ] synthesized AgNPs on cotton fabrics using laser ablation, while Ahmad et al. [31] deposited AgNPs by the dip and dry method based on surface reduction reactions. However, the difference in expansion coefficients of the given metal layer and substrate can lead to surface defects under strain (cracks, loss of

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• energy of 23 eV. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements Raman measurements were performed with a Senterra Bruker micro-Raman spectrometer using a 533 nm excitation laser line with an acquisition time of 10 s. The power was fixed to 0.2 mW and focused on the sample with a ×50 objective. Rhodamine

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• voltage contacts of L = 90 μm. The NbReN films were structured by using direct laser writer exposure followed by argon ion etching into constriction-type bridges with w = 2 μm and L = 700 μm. Further details on the fabrication procedure of the films are reported elsewhere [4][8]. The superconducting

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• Abdelbaki Hacini Ahmad Hadi Ali Nurul Nadia Adnan Nafarizal Nayan Laser and Semiconductor Technology Research Group, COR PDSR, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Pagoh Educational Hub, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia

• Microelectronic and Nanotechnology Shamsuddin Research Centre (MiNT-SRC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia 10.3762/bjnano.13.133 Abstract ITO/Mo bilayer thin films were sputtered on n-type silicon and glass substrates and annealed with a Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The

• AFM analysis shows that grain size and RMS roughness increased from 16.02 to 36.19 nm and 0.4 to 2.6 nm, respectively, when the laser energy was increased to 120 mJ. The as-deposited sample has an optical transmittance of nearly 80% in the 300–800 nm range. The laser annealing yielded a higher

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• the E22 transitions of SWCNTs. Photoluminescence measurements were performed with a Horiba Jobin Yvon NanoLog-4 spectrofluorometer with a nitrogen-cooled InGaAs detector. A Spectra-physics 3900s Ti:sapphire laser was used for excitation at 725 nm. The measurements were performed with the slit bandpass

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• Olga Shikimaka Mihaela Bivol Bogdan A. Sava Marius Dumitru Christu Tardei Beatrice G. Sbarcea Daria Grabco Constantin Pyrtsac Daria Topal Andrian Prisacaru Vitalie Cobzac Viorel Nacu Institute of Applied Physics, 5 Academiei str., MD-2028, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova National Institute for Laser

• , Plasma and Radiation Physics, Laser Department, 409th Atomistilor str., RO-77125, Magurele, Bucharest, Romania University Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060042, Romania National Institute for R&D in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 031066, Bucharest

Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• effects become dominant for synchronization. To reach the radiation power maximum, JJs should be synchronized with the EM mode excited within the resonator. Such large JJ arrays become similar to a laser where the junctions play the role of atoms in an active medium. The advantage of large JJ arrays

• straight electrodes with niobium JJs have been directly visualized recently using low-temperature scanning laser microscopy [13]. The scans revealed that the standing waves can provide the global coupling of all junctions in the array, that is, extended parts of the array can interact with each other. This

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• could be associated stably to Au-LNPs, and the release of BODIPY from AB-LNPs could be accelerated by laser irradiation. AB-LNPs are scalable and showed excellent photothermal effects. AB-LNPs showed enhanced cellular uptake efficiency compared to free BODIPY in 4T1 breast cancer cells. Under laser

• release properties were evaluated in PBS with different pH values (pH 7.4 and 5.5). AB-LNPs dispersion (2 mL) in a dialysis bag was placed in 20 mL release medium. After 2 h and after 6 h, the sample was irradiated with a 680 nm laser (0.5 W/cm2, 60 s). At predetermined time points, 1 mL of solution was

• concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μM were irradiated with laser irradiation (680 nm, 0.5 W/cm2) for different time intervals. The temperature changes of AB-LNPs with BDP concentration of 100 μM were also measured under laser irradiation with different power densities (0.25, 0.4, and 0.5 W/cm2). The temperature

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• cm2 sample was placed in a Petri dish filled with deionized water. In this first experiment, the air layer of the sample immersed at 0.5 cm depth, i.e., smaller than hmax, was visualized with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM, TCS SP II, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar) using an objective lens

• (HCX APO L 63x/0.90 W U-V-I, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar) with 63-fold magnification directly after submergence and after two weeks. Using the total reflection of the laser light at the air–water interface this method allowed us to analyze the shape of the air–water interface at high resolution. The

• circular samples with a diameter of 1.5 mm were placed simultaneously inside the pressure chamber. Then, the chamber was flooded with deionized water. The chamber was placed under a Zeiss LSM700 confocal laser scanning microscope system (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany). The air–water interface

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada Nina Burduja Marco Abbate Claudio Stagno Guy Caljon Louis Maes Nicola Micale Massimiliano Cordaro Angela Scala Antonino Mazzaglia Anna Piperno Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai

• (Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania) for the Raman Analysis. Funding This work was partially supported by PON03PE_00216_1 (Drug Delivery: Veicoli per un'innovazione Sostenibile). The authors thank for financial support CYCLONET ACRI (Associazione Casse di Risparmio Italiane

Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)

• Anthony J. Cobos and
• Timothy E. Higham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107

• each surface was visualized using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM; LEXT OLS4000, Olympus Corporation, Japan), as in [32]. Mountains Map Premium version 7.4 (Digital Surf SARL, Besançon, France) was used to analyze the images obtained from the CLSM (Figure 1). Three-dimensional surface area

• 2000 grit sandpaper surface (D), and a 3D image of the 2000 grit sandpaper surface using confocal laser scanning microscopy (E). The relationship between morphological characters and SVL of 15 individuals. The relationship between toepad area (digit IV) and SVL (y = 2.03x − 6.46, r2 = 0.95) (A). The

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• -nanostructure back-gate FETs, as well as the electrical resistivity of the nanostructures as a function of temperature from 5 to 400 K. The transport measurements were carried out in a low-noise custom-made system for electrical characterization of FET devices [16][17][18]. FET devices were built by laser

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• sticking of an artificially nonwoven of nanofibers. According to the theoretical prediction, a technical analogon of the nanoripples was produced by ultrashort pulse laser processing on different technically relevant metal surfaces in the form of so-called laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS

• randomly rough surfaces. The latter revealed that the adhesion of electrospun nanofiber nonwoven is significantly lowered on the nanostructured surfaces compared with the polished surfaces. Keywords: biomimetics; electrospinning; laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS); nanofibers

• surface structure, in contrast to earlier published works where solids with plane surfaces were assumed [24][25][26][27][28]. This is an important difference, which has to be considered when modelling the interaction of nanofibers with, in this case, a sinusoidal surface. Laser-induced periodic surface

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• fusion method to make the tip diameter about one μm with a micro-manipulation syringe. The gold and silver nanowires are sucked into the tube at one end, and then the fiber tube is fused with the gold and silver nanowires. When the laser is introduced from one end of the fiber, the light propagates from

• -recognition probe ("sandwich" complex) and measured by matrix-assisted laser resolved ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). Ultra-pure water (as a blank control), perfectly matched DNA, incompletely matched DNA, and two DNA fragments with only one base mismatch were added to the system

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• , too [7]. Multiple techniques exist to prepare self-cleaning surfaces. Direct laser writing and electron beam lithography have been employed successfully to create superhydrophobic surfaces. However, due to low writing speeds these approaches are not viable for surface areas larger than a few square

• with high aspect ratio. These needles render superhydrophobic properties to the surface. Such surfaces can either be prepared using a RIE process [12] or a laser-assisted etching process described by Mazur et al. [13], which requires expensive silicon wafers as substrate as well as a femtosecond laser