Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• specially to the very intense bands at 1748 and 1707 cm−1 assigned to the νC=O vibration modes of the carboxylic group of MCPA, which are not observed in the spectra of both the MCPAie-LDH and the MCPAie-LDH/Sep1:1_150C hybrids (Figure 2B). They are shifted towards lower wavenumbers expected at around 1610

• cm−1 (symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration of ionized COO− groups) [39] as the carboxylic group should be present as carboxylate. In fact, the spectra show a large band in the range of 1630–1600 cm−1 due to the overlap of such bands with the one ascribed to δHOH vibration modes of water

• ) and d(113) are observed in all the nanoarchitectures formed, confirming the formation of the LDH structure for all the studied LDH/sepiolite ratios. The formation of true hybrid nanoarchitectures was confirmed by infrared and NMR spectroscopy. For this purpose, the spectral region of the OH vibration

Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy

• Wenting Wang,
• Chengfu Ma,
• Yuhang Chen,
• Lei Zheng,
• Huarong Liu and
• Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1636–1647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.159

• microscopy where the sample is ultrasonically excited at a specified frequency and the amplitude and phase of the cantilever are recorded [13][14]. After that, the theoretical analysis of the cantilever vibration with the tip contacting the sample surface was intensively investigated, including the influence

• . The influence of some key imaging factors was investigated including the applied normal force, cantilever stiffness, vibration eigenmode, and the elastic properties and thickness of each layer. The experimental results were then interpreted with theoretical analysis considering the dynamic model of

• (PC) and polyimide (PI) for the bottom and top layers, and Au, Cu, Ti, Ag and Mg for the middle layer. The mechanical parameters of these materials are listed in Table 2. The Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the silicon substrate are 160 GPa and 0.278, respectively. Cantilever vibration model

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• self-assembled molecules, FTIR spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the formation mechanism of self-assembly. As shown in Figure 5, for the 2NCLG and 4NCLG assemblies, two absorption bands at ≈3330 cm−1 and ≈3284 cm−1 were observed, which can be ascribed to the N–H stretching vibration. While for

• 3NCLG, the shoulder absorption band showed a red shift to ≈3328 cm−1 and the main absorption band displayed a blue shift to ≈3302 cm−1, which illustrated the weaker hydrogen bonding between 3NCLG molecules than that of 2NCLG and 4NCLG. The CH3 and CH2 stretching vibration bands of alkyl chains at ≈2955

• , 2920 and 2849 cm−1 showed no obvious change. The band at ≈1650 cm−1 was almost the same for all the three assemblies, which was assigned to the C=O stretching vibration of the amide I. However, the amide II band of the C–N–H bending vibration of the 2NCLG and 4NCLG assemblies was at ≈1560 cm−1, while

Development of a new hybrid approach combining AFM and SEM for the nanoparticle dimensional metrology

• Loïc Crouzier,
• Alexandra Delvallée,
• Sébastien Ducourtieux,
• Laurent Devoille,
• Guillaume Noircler,
• Christian Ulysse,
• Olivier Taché,
• Elodie Barruet,
• Christophe Tromas and
• Nicolas Feltin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1523–1536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.150

• too strong interactions with the sample and subsequent NP displacements. For vibration considerations, each instrument sits on a massive concrete block decoupled from the building. Furthermore, the AFM instrument is placed in an enclosure to protect it against acoustic noise and installed on an anti

• -vibration table. The pixel size was set to 5.0 nm for all AFM measurements. Moreover, the scanning parameters are fixed regardless of the NP population under study. The scan speed is equal to 4 µm/s with constant PID parameters set at 0.8 for integral gain and 10 for the proportional one. Laboratory

Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

• Rieko Kobayashi,
• Takafumi Ishii,
• Yasuo Imashiro and
• Jun-ichi Ozaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1497–1510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.148

• such as changes in the chemical states of N and the amount of P were retained. The work function of PH-series carbon materials was determined by the vibration capacitance (Kelvin) method and fluctuated in the range of 5.4–5.6 eV (Figure 6a), decreasing with increasing CPAT temperature in the range of

• 451.4 eV. Work functions were measured under N2 by a vibration capacity electrometer (DCU series10, KP Technology). TEM images of the carbon materials. (a) H-1000, (b) P-1000, (c) HH-700, (d) PH700. Correlations between P/C atomic ratio and N/C atomic ratio of P-series precursors (open circles) and HP

The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• measured at 300 K in the wave number range of 400–4000 cm−1. Figure 5 shows the FTIR spectra of the samples. The absorption band observed at around 3385 cm−1 is attributed to the vibration mode of the O–H groups in the H2O molecules. The peak observed at around 1556 cm−1 is ascribed to amide II (NH2

• deformation, N–H bending) [26] and the absorption peak at around 1330 cm−1 is related to the stretching vibration bands of the carboxylate group (C=O) [27]. The latter two peaks (1556 and 1330 cm−1) are observed in all samples and can be ascribed to the presence of some impurity in the KBr pellets, which is

• used for FTIR analysis. Two main absorption bands are observed at frequencies below 1000 cm−1. The band around 569 cm−1 and the band around 444 cm−1 are related to the vibration of metal–oxygen (Me–O) bonds at tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively [28][29]. The presence of these two bands

Janus-micromotor-based on–off luminescence sensor for active TNT detection

• Ye Yuan,
• Changyong Gao,
• Daolin Wang,
• Chang Zhou,
• Baohua Zhu and
• Qiang He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1324–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.131

• stretching vibration, can be seen in the FTIR spectra of APTES-UCNPs. These results indicate that the UCNPs were successfully modified with APTES. It has been demonstrated that the amine group is important to allow UCNPs to detect TNT. To verify the functionalization of the APTES-UCNPs with amine groups, the

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• of adenosine and thymidine (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S7), different spectral features were observed. For adenosine (Figure 6, black curve), the strong scattering band located at 731 cm−1 is attributed to the ring breathing vibration of the adenine moiety, and the band at 1326 cm−1 is

• assigned to the stretching vibration of C–N and the bending vibration of C–H [67]. For thymidine (Figure 6, red curve), the weak bands at 799 and 1194 cm−1 are due to the ring breathing vibration and C–CH3 stretching vibration of the thymine moiety, respectively [68]. It was noticed that the signal

Molecular attachment to a microscope tip: inelastic tunneling, Kondo screening, and thermopower

• Rouzhaji Tuerhong,
• Mauro Boero and
• Jean-Pierre Bucher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1243–1250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.124

• reversible molecule transfer process between the tip and the surface indicates that the MnPc molecule is attached to the STM tip apex and not to any other site on the tip. Vibration-mediated electron transport in a molecular junction In the following, the electron transport through a MnPc molecule suspended

• typical signature for an inelastic electron tunneling process involving the excitation of molecular vibration modes [5][22]. The IETS features are asymmetric in intensity with respect to the Fermi energy and will be discussed shortly at the end of this section. There are significant changes in the dI/dV

• to the vibration-assisted Kondo resonance for which the excess energy of the electrons due to a finite voltage is compensated by activating a vibration mode [12][25][26][27]. In addition, based on the comparison with the previously reported STM-IETS of FePc/Ag(111) [28] and theoretically calculated

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• cm−1 was assigned to the two-phonon bands of the TaS2 slab. The 125 cm−1 peak was assigned to the out-of-phase vibration of the LaS lattice. On the other hand, the 150 cm−1 peak was assigned to the in-phase phonon of LaS. The E2g mode of the TaS2 in the MLC lattice is found in the energy range of

• assigned to the A1g vibration of the 2H-TaS2. Obviously, the diameter, number of layers and chirality varies from one nanotube to the next, and from one batch to the next. This polydispersity leads to the broadening of the peaks and minor shifts in their positions. Increasing the Sr content in the lattice

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• oxidation under mildly acidic conditions. This high ζ-potential value is considered to be more than sufficient to ensure good colloidal stability of the particles in water. ATR-FTIR spectra were measured in the range of 800–4000 cm−1. The majority of the absorption peaks associated with the vibration of γ

• -FeO were located below this range, and only one weak peak at ca. 896 cm−1 was ascribed to pure γ-Fe2O3 [25]. The absorption peak above 3000 cm−1 corresponds to the O–H stretching vibration (Figure 3a). According to the TGA results, the γ-Fe2O3 weight loss occurred in two temperature ranges (Figure 3b

Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a saturable absorber for giant chirped pulse generation

• Ji-Shu Liu,
• Xiao-Hui Li,
• Abdul Qyyum,
• Yi-Xuan Guo,
• Tong Chai,
• Hua Xu and
• Jie Jiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1065–1072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.107

• . Conclusion In summary, FONPs prepared via a sol–hydrothermal method were successfully used as a SA to construct a high-performance fiber laser. The surface properties, molecular vibration, structure and composition of the FONPs were systemically studied using SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, EDS, Raman spectra, XRD and UV

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• between 1700 cm−1 and 1200 cm−1 are related to the typical stretching vibration of C–N and C=N in the CN heterocycles [38]. The characteristic peak of 812 cm−1 is due to the particular breathing mode for s-triazine (C3N3) units of g-C3N4 [7]. The FTIR absorption band at the region of >3200 cm−1 is

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• nanoparticles were subjected to chemical bonding as Si–O–Ti with hydrolysing PFOS. The chemical bonding is verified by the Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectra of TiO2 and TiO2–PFOS coated glass surfaces, as shown in Figure 2. The asymmetric stretching vibration of the Si–O–Ti species was displayed at the

• absorption peak of 1065 cm−1 which further confirmed the dehydration reaction occurred between the hydrolytic PFOS and TiO2. Additionally, there were another three peaks at 1157, 1207, 1243 cm−1, which correspond to the stretching vibration of –CF2− and –CF3 groups [24][30]. Similarly, the absorption peak of

• (assigned to the bending vibration and stretching vibration of –OH groups, respectively) increased, while both peaks reduced after the heating treatment. At the same time, four peaks at 1207 cm−1, 1243 cm−1, 2850 cm−1 and 2919 cm−1 (attributed to the bending vibration and stretching vibration of –CF2- and

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• cm−1 is characteristic of iron oxides, and represents the stretching vibration of Fe–O bond [53][54]. The peaks at 1640 cm−1 and 3400 cm−1 originate from interlayer water: the former is assigned H–O–H bending vibrations, and the latter to O–H stretching vibrations [53][54]. The peak at around 820 cm

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• , C–N) overlap in the range of 1700–1480 cm−1 and the lattice vibration of M–O in the platelet structure can be depicted at a low wavenumber (800–650 cm−1). The experimental chemical composition of all synthesized LDHs has been estimated based on TGA analysis and collected in Table 1. All the

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• -glycosidic bonds, C–C stretching and the C–O–C glycosidic ether band of cellulose, respectively. The cyan portion in Figure 3 denotes the cellulose fingerprint region. HF and C-HF show a new vibration frequency at 1362 cm−1 that corresponds to asymmetric stretching of carbonate anions in LDH interlayer

• galleries. The frequencies at 617 cm−1, 656 cm−1 and 783 cm−1 were attributed to M–O–M, M–OH, and O–M–O bond vibrations of LDH. The characteristic peaks of AA in C-HF are those at 2936 cm−1, 2650 cm−1, 1695 cm−1, 1670 cm−1 and 1277 cm−1. The vibration at 2936 cm−1 corresponds to C–H stretching absorption

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• volatility, even at room temperature. The Raman analysis of the thiols shows the presence of characteristic peaks in all samples related to the mode of vibration of aliphatic carbon chains at wavenumbers between 250–400 cm−1 and 630–790 cm−1. Other important bands can be found at the following wavenumbers

Direct observation of the CVD growth of monolayer MoS₂ using in situ optical spectroscopy

• Claudia Beatriz López-Posadas,
• Yaxu Wei,
• Wanfu Shen,
• Daniel Kahr,
• Michael Hohage and
• Lidong Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 557–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.57

• characteristic peaks at 385.5 and 405.3 cm−1, which are attributed to the in-plane (E12g) and out-of-plane (A1g) vibration modes of the 2H MoS2 crystal. Most importantly, the interval between these two peaks is ≈ 20 cm−1, which is characteristic for the MoS2 monolayer [29]. The DR spectra measured at the

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensor applications of PtSe₂ nanosheets synthesized by wet chemistry

• Mahendra S. Pawar and
• Dattatray J. Late

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.46

• to in-plane vibration due to the opposite motion of the upper and lower Se atoms. The A1g mode in the Raman spectra corresponds to the out-of-plane vibration of Se atoms [22][28]. Morphological investigations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Figure 2a–c shows SEM images of

Reduced graphene oxide supported C₃N₄ nanoflakes and quantum dots as metal-free catalysts for visible light assisted CO₂ reduction

• Md Rakibuddin and
• Haekyoung Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.44

• existence of an interaction between rGO and g-C3N4 inside the composite. FTIR spectra further confirm (Figure 4) the formation of C3N4 NFs and QDs, as well as the structural changes of C3N4 nanosheets. The peaks at around 3000–3110 cm−1, 1200–1650 cm−1 and 810 cm−1 are due to the N–H stretching vibration

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• provide information about binding sites in the organic moieties. For thymine, two very strong bands at 1741 and 1676 cm−1 are observed in the FTIR spectra of Figure 15a. The lower wavenumber has been assigned to both the stretching vibration of C=C and C4=O, and the vibrational band at 1741 cm−1

• corresponds to the vibration of C2=O. While both as-deposited Ti-thymine and thymine powder show an absorption band at 1676 cm−1, the C2=O vibration for Ti-thymine appears at a lower wavenumber than for the thymine powder (at 1730 cm−1). The FTIR spectra for the as-deposited Ti-thymine shows a number of extra

• vibrational bands compared to thymine powder [29]. In the as-deposited Ti-thymine spectra, two shoulder bands near the vibration of C2=O (at 1770 and 1760 cm−1) and one in the vicinity of the C=C and C4=O vibration band (shoulder band at 1691 cm−1) were observed. This can be an indication of a change in

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO₂ nanostructures of various morphologies

• Venkataramana Bonu,
• Binaya Kumar Sahu,
• Arindam Das,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Sandip Dhara and
• Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

• which is indexed similar to the square NW [020] zone axes of the rutile SnO2 phase (Figure 4b). Rutile tetragonal SnO2 contains two Sn and four O atoms in a single unit cell. According to the group theory, normal vibration modes at the center of the Brillion zone are Γ = A1g + A2g + 2A2u + B1g + B2g

One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• broad vibration between 900 and 1200 cm−1 arising from vibration modes of the CPO3 tetrahedra. The intensity of this band increases with the P/Ti ratio. The absence of bands at ≈1220 cm−1 (P=O stretching vibration) and ≈950 cm−1 (P–OC stretching vibrations) [36] suggests that most of the phosphonate

• groups, as shown by the intensity of these bands which is directly related to the P/Ti ratio. The weak, broad band between 3000 and 3800 cm−1 is characteristic of O–H stretching vibrations. This band indicates the presence of a low amount of adsorbed water (confirmed by the vibration at 1620 cm−1

Intuitive human interface to a scanning tunnelling microscope: observation of parity oscillations for a single atomic chain

• Sumit Tewari,
• Jacob Bakermans,
• Christian Wagner,
• Federica Galli and
• Jan M. van Ruitenbeek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 337–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.33

• comprise the atomic shape of the actual tip apex in the experiment, which defines the depth of the potential well on the tip in comparison to that on the surface, and moreover the inelastic excitation of vibration modes of the adatom [46][47] due to tunnelling electrons, which could promote pick up of the

• simulation the trimer (‘A–B–C’) was left on the surface once the tip was pulled up (Figure 5f). Possible reasons why the simulation behaved differently could be, as explained earlier, the unknown shape of the tip potential well in the experiment and the excitation of substrate adatom vibration modes (at 100