Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• technologies have been proposed to remove organic pollutants from water, including coagulation coupled with sedimentation, biological processes, membrane filtration, adsorption, advanced oxidation, catalysis, and photocatalysis [1][2][3]. Using semiconductors as photocatalysts has been a widely studied

• in the dark for 30 min to equilibrate the adsorption. Subsequently, the suspensions were illuminated by a 30 W LED or an 18 W high-pressure mercury lamp. The light source was fixed at a distance of 20 cm from the surface of the reactor. After fixed illumination times, 5 mL was withdrawn and

• centrifuged at 6000 rpm to measure the dye concentrations. The dye concentration was analyzed by UV–vis spectroscopy (Hitachi U2900) with maximum adsorption wavelengths of MB and MO of 664 nm and 464 nm, respectively [29][30]. The degradation efficiency was calculated using Equation 3. where c0 is the initial

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• confirmed the catalytic activity of the product. Adsorption of heavy ions from water samples was investigated to find the activity on the surface of the product, and it was found that the mentioned CDs can remove Cd2+ ions by 37% and Pb2+ ion by 75% from the water sample [111]. Watermelon juice-based N-CDs

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• -hydroxybutyrate) composites generates a hydrophilic environment which promotes cell motility, adhesion, and protein adsorption. Furthermore, the mixture enhances the surface roughness of the composites, stimulating bone cells to attach to the surface [108]. The different characteristics of the 3D porous collagen

• wettability and protein adsorption which can facilitate osteogenesis [129]. Biomaterials such as chitosan and its composites containing bioactive metals draw much attention in tissue engineering and regenerative applications. Chitosan-based composites are now being studied in wound healing, bone and cartilage

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• remove CTC existing in the aquatic environment. Up to now, various technologies, including adsorption, hydrolysis, and biodegradation, have been applied in the removal of pollutants from water [5][6][7][8]. Owing to the relatively complicated treatment, high cost, and possible secondary pollution, these

• cavities, and excellent thermal stability [20][21]. These advantages make it appalling to adsorption [22], gaseous capture/separation [23], sensing [24], and drug release applications [25]. Moreover, some MOFs can be excited under UV or visible light and exhibit light harvesting properties due to ligand

• of a CTC solution with an initial concentration of 20 mg/L and stirred in the dark for 30 min to reach adsorption–desorption equilibrium. Then, the photocatalytic reaction was initiated by a 300 W xenon lamp with a 420 nm cut-off filter. At 20 min intervals, 4 mL of the sample was taken out and

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• simulation conditions used in this work, the adsorption of water favours the formation of defects in silicon by mixing hydrogen and oxygen atoms into the substrate. The sputtering yield of silicon is not significantly changed by the contamination, but the fraction of hydrogen and oxygen atoms that is

• sample. The water molecules were equilibrated using the ReaxFFOH(2017) [24] potential in a fully periodic space using the NPT ensemble. Since the adsorption of water molecules on a surface is a random process, the orientation of the molecules could freely evolve. Snapshots of water equilibration can be

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• cells but to even display antiviral attachment properties [58]. Superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by the Lotus-effect® (>150° contact angle) have been found to diminish bacterial adhesion due to reduced protein surface adsorption [59][60][61]. Superhydrophobicity relies on the combination of chemical

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• pollutants, such as adsorption, coagulation, filtration, and chemical and biochemical oxidation [10][11]. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently attracted attention due to their simple operation, low cost, and potentially high effectiveness. AOPs are the technologies that use various chemical

• presented as black, as shown in Figure 5b. They successfully increased the absorption efficiency of visible light and utilized more visible light effectively. In order to determine the specific surface area, pore size, and pore volume of the prepared perovskite oxides, the analysis of nitrogen adsorption

• various photocatalysts prepared at pH 0 or pH 7 The standard concentration of MB aqueous solution was prepared at 20 ppm. Various LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides prepared at pH 0 were examined for dark adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. First, dark adsorption was not significant for all perovskite

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• ) functionalization with ZIKV60 aptamers. In this experiment, we used 100 mM PBS as electrolyte for gating. The π-conjugated units of the pyrene-modified ZIKV60 aptamers transfer electrons to graphene, resulting in the left-shift of the graphene transfer curve because of the aptamer adsorption. Several studies

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• aspect is the electronic coupling between the molecules and the metallic substrate. In this case, the key parameter is the adsorption energy (Ea), which is defined as the energy required to desorb a molecule from the surface. A high Ea is characteristic of molecules chemisorbed on the substrate, where a

• relevant charge transfer between the overlayer and the substrate occurs. In contrast, a low Ea is characteristic of physisorbed molecules, for which the adsorption is mediated by the weak van der Waals interaction with the substrate. Chemisorption is the typical scenario for molecules stabilized on

• ascribed to charge transfer from ZnTPP to the Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate. When 1 ML of C60 is added, the variation of the work function is within the experimental error, indicating a negligible charge transfer on the surface region upon C60 adsorption. The electronic properties of C60 adsorbed on ZnTPP

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• drop is not disrupted during application onto a substrate. In contrast, when the oxide skin breaks, new oxide forms at the solid–liquid interface with a substrate, which results in adhesion. Also, the wetting of a liquid Ga–In alloy has been related to the adsorption energy of gallium on three

• different substrates (steel, gold, and Al) [13], with the wetting becoming better as the adsorption energy of gallium onto the substrate becomes more negative. In the case of Fe and Cu substrates, it was observed that liquid gallium reacts with the substrate to form an intermetallic layer at the gallium

• the meniscus flow of the eutectic Ga–In–Sn melt upon retraction, the adsorption of a thin water layer is likely to modify the surface energy of the liquid neck upon pulling and affect the above results. The analysis of the interfacial energy from AFM adhesion measurements is thus complicated by the

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• creating meso–macro channels without destroying most of the micropores. This can be achieved by removing emulsion networks from the single crystal [116]. The obtained HKUST-1 crystals contained bimodal or trimodal pores, which facilitated adsorption and enabled a fast Friedländer reaction. When the

• demonstrated in millimeter-sized superstructures formed by ZIF-8 or UiO-66 [131]. Owing to the porous structure of the monocrystalline coordination polymers. The dielectric constant of the particles may be changed upon adsorption of molecules such as organic vapor. This can lead to a change of the structural

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• using a reference to the peak of the surface adventitious carbon (284.8 eV) in the high-resolution spectrum of the C 1s region. The N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms were recorded at −196 °C on a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer, while the specific surface area and pore distribution curve were

• 5.0 cm from the quartz tube reactor. The photocatalyst (10.0 mg) was dispersed in the pollutant solution (20.0 mL, 10.0 mg·L−1) and stirred in the dark for 1 h to guarantee the adsorption−desorption equilibrium. Then, the visible light was switched on, and the suspension containing photocatalyst and

• irradiation for t hours, after the achievement of the adsorption−desorption equilibrium, and at the initial moment (10.0 mg·L−1), respectively. The photocatalytic stabilities of the cellulose-derived Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites on the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) or degradation of RhB were confirmed

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• the scan rate suggests a surface-confined diffusion-controlled electrocatalytic process [21]. The slope of log Ipc as a function of log ν is 0.611 (>0.5), which confirms an adsorption-based reduction of PT on the modified electrode surface (Figure 7B). The reduction peak potential was shifted towards

• on PT sensing in environmental samples. Other interfering OP (acephate, chlorpyrifos) and organochloride (dicofol, lindane) pesticides also did not significantly affect the response current of PT reduction as they have different redox potential and adsorption potential on the modified electrode

Modeling a multiple-chain emeraldine gas sensor for NH₃ and NO₂ detection

• Hana Sustkova and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64

• gradient approximated (GGA) Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange–correlation functional was used. Guo et al. [5] investigated the graphene/polyaniline adsorption energy of NH3, CO, NO, and H2 using DFT and molecular dynamics computations. From this, graphene/PANI is highly sensitive to NH3 in comparison

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• the Zn/Co ratio during synthesis. The composite with higher Zn content has a larger BET surface area and micropore volume but a smaller mesopore volume, as compared in Figure 5c and Supporting Information File 1, Table S1. According to the adsorption–desorption hysteresis curves, the Zn1Co4–C/CNT

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• that a local micro-convection is induced in the base fluid due to the Brownian motion of nanoparticles, which increases both mixing and heat transport within the nanofluid [16][17]. Later, several studies demonstrated that interactions between liquid atoms and nanoparticles (i.e., a liquid adsorption

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• magnetically stirred for 30 min in the dark to equilibrate the adsorption and desorption of MB on the surface of the crystallites. After switching on the UV light, samples were periodically collected and centrifuged. The concentration of the MB solution was analyzed based on the characteristic absorption peak

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• substituents compared to PHEG-Tyr nanogel [25]. This assumption is also supported by the DH dependence (Figure 3a) showing a DH maximum at pH 7.4. Adsorption and release of BSA and AAT Next, optimization studies of in vitro loading of 125I-radiolabeled BSA as a model protein and its release from PHEG-Tyr and

• of BSA (pI 4.7) and, thus, BSA adsorption is driven by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions [30][31]. PHEG-Tyr nanogel was incubated with three different 125I-radiolabeled BSA concentrations (1, 0.75, and 0.5 mg/mL), and the loading efficiency was found to be low, that is, 2.1% (21 µg/mL), 1.9

• interaction [35][36]. Our observation indicates that the adsorption of 125I-radiolabeled BSA onto Nα-Lys-NG is mainly driven by hydrophobic interaction. At higher initial concentrations of 125I-radiolabeled BSA, both polypeptide nanogels, Nα-Lys-NG and PHEG-Tyr, are quickly saturated and unable to adsorb

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• a higher adsorption of analyte molecules, increasing the EF from 106 (before) to 108 (after hydrogenation) [43]. The charge transfer effect was probably increased as well since the hydrogenation introduced lattice defects that could alter the energy band structure of ZnO, promoting charge separation

• promoted strong light confinement, and the increased number of adsorption sites due to the branched ZnO nanostructures. Despite the fact that ZnO is a non-plasmonic semiconductor material, it can elicit a degree of SERS effect via chemical enhancement of atomic vibrational modes of the analyte. Kim et al

Investigation of electron-induced cross-linking of self-assembled monolayers by scanning tunneling microscopy

• Patrick Stohmann,
• Sascha Koch,
• Yang Yang,
• Christopher David Kaiser,
• Julian Ehrens,
• Jürgen Schnack,
• Niklas Biere,
• Dario Anselmetti,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Xianghui Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 462–471, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.39

• ][9]. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are ordered molecular assemblies formed by the adsorption of amphiphilic organic molecules on a solid surface [10][11][12]. Self-assembled monolayers are model systems that enable a fundamental understanding of self-organization and provide a versatile path to

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• arrays were exposed to various relative humidity levels ranging from 20% to 80% (Figure 10). The obtained results show a decreasing sensor response with increasing RH% value. This change in response toward relative humidity is due to the adsorption of water molecules and an increase of charge

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• et al. [33] used molecular dynamics to compare the adsorption energies of GR-Au and GR-GR structures. The GR-GR structure has a higher adsorption energy of 307 mJ/m2. Mizuta et al. [7][35] assumed that the use of a GR-GR electrode structure could avoid the uncontrollable microscale interactions

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• , poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) nanocomposites containing BNNTs showed increased mechanical reinforcement, higher adsorption of collagen I protein, excellent cell attachment as well as ECM deposition compared to the PPF control [144]. Halloysite clay, a natural aluminosilicate material, is an

Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for ZIF-8 membranes with enhanced gas separation

• Season S. Chen,
• Zhen-Jie Yang,
• Chia-Hao Chang,
• Hoong-Uei Koh,
• Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi,
• Kuo-Lun Tung and
• Kevin C.-W. Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.26

• natural gas) with high efficiency is needed. Membrane-based separation offers a great potential for online CO2 sequestration in view of its high energy efficiency, small carbon footprint, and competitive cost compared to traditional separation processes, such as distillation and adsorption [5]. The

• intercrystalline defect formation in MOFs can have either positive or negative effects on the separation performance. Point defects and extended defects may increase the number of adsorption sites in MOFs [35], while missing linkers may provide low-resistance diffusion pathways by increasing the porosity of the

• membranes synthesized in this work (Figure 8b). The type of MOF has an influence on the gas separation performance, for instance, CAU-1 exhibits a higher CO2 adsorption capacity than ZIF-8 [45], which may lead to a higher gas permeance. Compared with MOF mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), ZIF-8 membranes

Impact of device design on the electronic and optoelectronic properties of integrated Ru-terpyridine complexes

• Max Mennicken,
• Sophia Katharina Peter,
• Corinna Kaulen,
• Ulrich Simon and
• Silvia Karthäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 219–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.16

• with the C 1s and Ru 3d5/2 spectra, while the O 1s peak for growth steps (i) and (iii) points to the sporadic adsorption of ethanol to the terminal TP groups [29][30]. Thus, the XP spectra prove, in addition to earlier published results based on other spectroscopic methods, that the desired wire growth