A self-powered, flexible ultra-thin Si/ZnO nanowire photodetector as full-spectrum optical sensor and pyroelectric nanogenerator

• Liang Chen,
• Jianqi Dong,
• Miao He and
• Xingfu Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1623–1630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.145

• PD based on a p-Si/n-ZnO NWs heterojunction is illustrated in Figure 1a. A typical cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the as-grown Si/ZnO NWs heterojunction is shown in Figure 1b. The uniformly grown ZnO NWs are conducive to a stable short-circuit current output. The detailed

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• formation of unique features, consisting of silver oxide nanoporous microspheres (Figure 1). Our observation was supported by various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). We conducted our

High-responsivity hybrid α-Ag₂S/Si photodetector prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

• Raid A. Ismail,
• Hanan A. Rawdhan and
• Duha S. Ahmed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.142

• ) mixed with cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant. The effect of the CTAB surfactant on the structural, morphological, optical, and elemental composition of Ag2S NPs was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy

• (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The optical absorption decreased and the optical energy gap of α-Ag2S increased from 1.5 to 2 eV after the CTAB surfactant was added to the Tu solution. XRD studies revealed that the synthesized Ag2S NPs were polycrystalline

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• three-dimensional topographies of the nanopores. Imaging was performed in contact mode and an elastic constant of 0.2 N/m was selected for the silicon cantilever. The scanning area was 50 × 50 μm2. In addition, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) system (Zeiss, Germany) was employed to characterize the

Electrokinetic characterization of synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Daniel F. Quevedo,
• Cody J. Lentz,
• Adriana Coll de Peña,
• Yazmin Hernandez,
• Nahal Habibi,
• Rikako Miki,
• Joerg Lahann and
• Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1556–1567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.138

• electrohydrodynamic jetting process, which was used to prepare SPNPs with a single compartment (identical jetting solutions are flown through the needle) as well as two compartments (parallel flow of two different jetting solutions). (b) A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image demonstrating the morphology of the

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• the results for gold droplet formation on Si(111). A decrease in droplet number and an increase in droplet diameter with increasing temperature can be visualized. The droplet diameter distribution is described by a LSW distribution. Figure 3 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• electron microscopy (SEM) under a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) (Hitachi, S4800, Japan). The structural characteristics of the CNFs were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (FEI, Tecnai G20, Japan). The diameter values of the CNFs were measured using ImageJ software

• . Afterwards, the tube furnace was cooled to room temperature to obtain CCGNFs, which could be directly used as electrodes. For comparison, disordered CGCNFs were also prepared using electrospinning and carbonization techniques. Material characterization The morphology of the CNFs was investigated via scanning

Gas sorption porosimetry for the evaluation of hard carbons as anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

• Yuko Matsukawa,
• Fabian Linsenmann,
• Maximilian A. Plass,
• George Hasegawa,
• Katsuro Hayashi and
• Tim-Patrick Fellinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.106

• . The morphologies of the HT samples are very similar (Figure 1), but show a different morphology compared to the RF carbons (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S6). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging reveals spherical particles, morphologically similar to previously reported HCs derived from

• Ventus 532 nm laser using a power of 25 mW at an exposure time of 10 s), respectively. To investigate the morphology of the samples, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements were performed on a scanning electron microscope (NEOSCOPE JCM-6000, JEOL, Japan, equipped with a tungsten filament at 15 kV

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• Rigaku D/Max 2500 powder diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JSM5610LV, JEOL, Japan) was used to observed the morphology of the Ag–TiO2 NPs. The sample components were examined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Fourier-transform infrared

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• with indefinitely coherent fragments [28][29]. The volume and average pore diameter values are characteristic of a mesoporous material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of NAA and ZnAl-NAA-LDH, presented in Figure 4, show the presence of particles with a smooth surface, probably resulting from

Microwave-induced electric discharges on metal particles for the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials under solvent-free conditions

• Vijay Tripathi,
• Harit Kumar,
• Anubhav Agarwal and
• Leela S. Panchakarla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1019–1025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.86

• of Cu2O after acid treatment, while the majority of Cu remains in the metallic form (Figure 1a). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of copper powder before and after acid treatment are shown in Figure 1b and Figure 1c, respectively. The SEM image clearly shows the sharp edges on acid-treated

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• hydrolyzed monomers or an alternative polymerization mechanism [40][41]. The characterization of these composite materials was performed by NIR-spectroscopy (NIR), water contact angle measurements (CA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric (TG) measurements. Mid- and near-infrared

• electron microscopy (SEM), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and contact angle measurements (CA) reveals a change in morphology of the grafted polymer films, which is due to the rearrangement of the secondary structure of the polypeptides. No significant loss of the surface-grafted polypeptides was

• -dimensional fibrillar network with intrinsic porosity was formed in DCM, whereas in THF, a dense and smooth polypeptide film was observed. A post-treatment with a mixture of chloroform and dichloroacetic acid leads to rearrangement of the morphology of the grafted polymer films. The analysis by scanning

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• for CTF-1-600 (see Table S2, Supporting Information File 1, for details). Elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization data of the materials can be found in Table S1 and Figures S3–S5 in Supporting Information File 1. Synthesis and

• suppressed conductivity detection. Karl-Fischer titration (KFT) was carried out with an ECH/ANALYTIK JENA AQUA 40:00 Karl Fischer titrator. A Carbolite Gero tube furnace has been used for the CTF synthesis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were recorded with a Jeol JSM-65 10 LV QSEM advanced

A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Bo Tian,
• Yuxuan Guo,
• Fan Fan and
• Anjiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.53

• the silicon template. Characterization The surface morphology of the PDMS/SiO2 composite template and the OTFT electrodes was investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JSM-6390a, Japan). The thermal expansion of the PDMS/SiO2 composite template was examined using a thermomechanical analyzer

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4800, Japan). The matrix morphology and fiber diameter distribution were determined using the Image J software (National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA). The diameter of 100 randomly selected fibers in each sample were chosen

Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

• Matthias Simolka,
• Hanno Kaess and
• Kaspar Andreas Friedrich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 583–596, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.46

• category of destructive and post-mortem methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is widely applied, due to the deep insights into the material that it can provide, e.g., insights related to structural changes and generated surface layers. In combination with X-ray techniques like energy dispersive

Identification of physicochemical properties that modulate nanoparticle aggregation in blood

• Ludovica Soddu,
• Duong N. Trinh,
• Eimear Dunne,
• Dermot Kenny,
• Giorgia Bernardini,
• Ida Kokalari,
• Arianna Marucco,
• Marco P. Monopoli and
• Ivana Fenoglio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 550–567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.44

• particles re-suspended in ethanol once, centrifuged, and re-suspended in ultrapure water. The procedure was repeated three times. The purified NPs were suspended in ultrapure water and stored at 4 °C until use. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The NPs morphology was characterised using scanning electron

• microscopy (SEM), using a Zeiss Evo 50XVP (Assing) instrument. CNPs and SNPs suspensions were diluted up to 0.05 mg/mL in ultrapure water. A volume of 20 μL of the diluted suspensions was mounted on aluminium stubs using double-sided adhesive carbon tape and silicon wafers. The samples were dried overnight

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• applied to a variety of PEs. Multilayer capsules formed on such a variety of cores can reveal specific characteristics and are mostly studied using microscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe their morphological changes. Moreover

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.11.40 Abstract Ag-based plasmonic nanostructures were manufactured by thermal annealing of thin metallic films. Structure and morphology were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution

Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand

• Nicole Fillafer,
• Tobias Seewald,
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 466–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.38

• headgroup provides not enough space for the molecule to fit into the structure. The materials were examined by using a combination of methods to study their structure and electronic properties. In Figure 2D the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns and the associated scanning electron microscopy (SEM

• silicon substrates were obtained using an X-ray diffractometer (Bruker D8 Discover). Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns were obtained using a Bruker Nanostar. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of drop-cast particles on silicon substrates were obtained using a Zeiss Auriga Crossbeam and a

Electrochemically derived functionalized graphene for bulk production of hydrogen peroxide

• Munaiah Yeddala,
• Pallavi Thakur,
• Anugraha A and
• Tharangattu N. Narayanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 432–442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.34

• Supporting Information File 1) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicate the formation of randomly oriented exfoliated graphene nanosheets [43]. However, the TEM images show that the thickness of the graphene increases from G-M1 to G-M4, where the G-M4 is found to block the electron beam despite

High dynamic resistance elements based on a Josephson junction array

• Konstantin Yu. Arutyunov and
• Janne S. Lehtinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 417–420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.32

• situ to form tunnel barriers. Each sample consisted of 25 pairs of JJs connected in parallel where the area of each superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) contact was about 100 × 100 nm (Figure 1). The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figure 1) and atomic force

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• . The bimodal meso-macropore structure of these four carbon materials as well as of the meso-macroporous SiO2 monolith template was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and physisorption. Figure 1 shows SEM images of the monolithic silica (grey) as well

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• ). The swelling behavior was highly influenced by the pH value of the solution. The selected gel formulation synthesized with 1.3 mL DI water showed an increased mass of 25% at pH 2, 30% at pH 13, and a maximum of 60% at pH 11. Figure 3 shows the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the different

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA composite was obtained. The morphology of CA, NiMoO4/CA, NiMoO4@ZIF-67/CA and NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As shown in Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1, after the pyrolysis process, the volume