Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS₂ thin films

• Reinhard Kaindl,
• Bernhard C. Bayer,
• Roland Resel,
• Thomas Müller,
• Viera Skakalova,
• Gerlinde Habler,
• Rainer Abart,
• Alexey S. Cherevan,
• Dominik Eder,
• Maxime Blatter,
• Fabian Fischer,
• Jannik C. Meyer,
• Dmitry K. Polyushkin and
• Wolfgang Waldhauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.113

• found to have a direct bandgap of ≈1.8 eV [8]. Relatively high mechanical flexibility, good optical transmittance, high current on/off ratios in field effect transistor (FET) geometries and reasonably good field effect mobilities make atomically thin MoS2 layers a promising candidate for flexible and

Ultrasmall magnetic field-effect and sign reversal in transistors based on donor/acceptor systems

• Thomas Reichert and
• Tobat P. I. Saragi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1104–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.112

• flexible electronic devices and optoelectronic applications such as displays and lighting, which are already commercially available. To push organic electronics to the next level, the scientific community is shifting its activities towards the study of spin transport and spin phenomena in organic materials

Optical response of heterogeneous polymer layers containing silver nanostructures

• Miriam Carlberg,
• Florent Pourcin,
• Olivier Margeat,
• Judikaël Le Rouzo,
• Gérard Berginc,
• Rose-Marie Sauvage,
• Jörg Ackermann and
• Ludovic Escoubas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1065–1072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.108

• flexible polymer [31], thus the integration of plasmonic properties into this flexible matrix could be interesting for flexible devices. First, the polymer alone was studied. To obtain a complete understanding of the host matrix, PVP of different molar weights, 40,000 g·mol−1 and 55,000 g·mol−1, were

The integration of graphene into microelectronic devices

• Guenther Ruhl,
• Sebastian Wittmann,
• Matthias Koenig and
• Daniel Neumaier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.107

• with the dielectric device substrate, either using a liquid medium (“wet transfer”) [19] or a flexible stamp [19] (“dry transfer”). Due to its high adhesion energy on hydrophilic substrates such as SiO2 (450 mJ/m2) [22] supported by the formation of a water layer [23] graphene attaches to the substrate

Assembly of metallic nanoparticle arrays on glass via nanoimprinting and thin-film dewetting

• Sun-Kyu Lee,
• Sori Hwang,
• Yoon-Kee Kim and
• Yong-Jun Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1049–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.106

• thick silicon nitride layer using a laser interference lithographic (LIL) method. The topography of the master mold was replicated on a composite stamp consisting of two layers – hard polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and flexible 184 PDMS [31]. A 50 µm thick layer of hard PDMS and 2 mm thick layer of 184

Study of the correlation between sensing performance and surface morphology of inkjet-printed aqueous graphene-based chemiresistors for NO₂ detection

• F. Villani,
• C. Schiattarella,
• T. Polichetti,
• R. Di Capua,
• F. Loffredo,
• B. Alfano,
• M. L. Miglietta,
• E. Massera,
• L. Verdoliva and
• G. Di Francia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1023–1031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.103

• , low-cost process that meets the requests coming from the increasing field of paper-based electronics and paving the way towards a flexible, green-by-design mass production. Keywords: aqueous graphene dispersion; gas sensors; inkjet printing; liquid phase exfoliation; nitrogen dioxide; paper-based

• realized by CAD software. This guarantees high precision and accuracy in the deposition process [9][10]. All these features make IJP completely versatile in terms of employable inks and substrates, the latter being either rigid or flexible. In our previous work, we have demonstrated the reliability of IJP

• atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses, in order to investigate the effect of the substrate morphology and, more specifically, of the ink–substrate interaction on the device performances. The reported analyses demonstrate the possibility to inkjet-print an aqueous graphene suspension onto flexible

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

• inhomogeneity of their properties. The synthesis of SWCNTs with defined properties is required for both fundamental investigations and practical applications. Despite the fact that the use of SWCNTs in the fields of nanoelectronics [9][10][11][12], thin-film flexible electronics [13][14] and bioelectronics [15

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• cannot withstand mechanical stress and there is thus a need for stabilizing silica IGs for, e.g., flexible devices. The current article describes new organosilica matrix materials based on silica and an organic linker. The linker provides the matrix with a rubberlike appearance rather than a high

• translucent and are therefore potentially interesting for optical devices or spectroscopy. On the other hand, methanol-based monoliths appear slightly softer when touching them and much more turbid in appearance. These materials may therefore be of interest as IL hosts for applications where a more flexible

• flexible IGs that may be interesting as membrane materials in electrochemical devices such as sensors, batteries, or fuel cells. Conclusion The current article is the first account on organosilica host materials for ionogel fabrication. Compared to pure silica host materials, organosilica hosts offer many

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• , graphene or NPs could be chemically functionalised firstly and then NPs could be conjugated to the graphene surface by covalent or noncovalent interaction [72][73]. Graphene is flexible and has a unique 2D sheet-like structure. These sheets can be easily used to wrap or encapsulate NPs with diameters from

• formation of a new type of flexible thermochromic film [117]. This hybrid film exhibits efficient operation to reduce the in-house temperature under infrared irradiation. Chromium oxide (Cr2O3)–graphene hybrids Cr2O3, a trivalent chromium(III) oxide, is an important industrial material that has been used in

• ]. Ultrathin 2D MnO2 graphene hybrids form high-performance flexible planar supercapacitors [140]. Graphene-wrapped MnO2 is also used for supercapacitor applications [141]. MnO has low conversion potential, low voltage hysteresis (<0.8 V), and high density (5.43 g·cm−3). The application of MnO in LIB is a

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• for its application in biotechnology and biomedicine [27][28]. Silicon dioxide is nontoxic and biocompatible, and based on these features it has been proposed as material for drug delivery in cell culture models and for tissue engineering [29]. In addition, silicon offers a flexible surface chemistry

Calculating free energies of organic molecules on insulating substrates

• Julian Gaberle,
• David Z. Gao and
• Alexander L. Shluger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 667–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.71

• using very long MD simulations even if the absolute free-energy value itself is not fully converged. Similarly the free energy of step adhesion was investigated for the more flexible CDB molecule. With two very mobile hydrocarbon arms, CDB has more degrees of freedom than TCB. In Figure 4 the change in

• . Therefore, fully exploring the phase space for complex flexible molecules would require further increasing the MD trajectory time or employing a different method, such as umbrella sampling. Converging entropy calculations In order to illuminate the problem of obtaining converged free energies from molecular

Physics, chemistry and biology of functional nanostructures III

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 590–591, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.63

• tuberculosis bacilli [1], new applications of graphene-based nanostructures [2][3][4], smart nanoparticles with antitumor activity [5], photonic crystals and flexible membranes [6][7] for visualization devices and remote-readout strain gauges. A lot of other unusual applications of functional nanostructures

Advances in the fabrication of graphene transistors on flexible substrates

• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Stella Lo Verso,
• Silvestra Di Marco,
• Vincenzo Vinciguerra,
• Emanuela Schilirò,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Raffaella Lo Nigro,
• Fabrizio Roccaforte,
• Amaia Zurutuza,
• Alba Centeno,
• Sebastiano Ravesi and
• Filippo Giannazzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.50

• (Gr-FETs) can be used for flexible high frequency (RF) electronics or for high sensitivity chemical sensors. Miniaturized and flexible Gr-FET sensors would be highly advantageous for current sensors technology for in vivo and in situ applications. In this paper, we report a wafer-scale processing

• the final dielectric performance. Keywords: atomic layer deposition; chemical sensing; field effect transistor; flexible electronics; graphene; Introduction One of the new challenges in the field of electronics is represented by flexible devices. The evolution of the processing technologies for soft

• , from consumer devices [3] to biomedical in vivo applications [4][5]. Among all the two-dimensional materials, graphene is one of the most appealing to be used as a flexible, conductive membrane, given its Young’s modulus on the order of TPa and large spring constant (1–5 N/m) [6]. Besides its high

Fabrication of black-gold coatings by glancing angle deposition with sputtering

• Alan Vitrey,
• Rafael Alvarez,
• Alberto Palmero,
• María Ujué González and
• José Miguel García-Martín

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 434–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.46

• chemicals are involved, therefore no recycling problems are associated) onto any kind of substrates (e.g., conductor/isolator, flexible/rigid). By employing glancing angle deposition (GLAD), nanostructured coatings can be produced onto flat substrates, taking advantage of atomic shadowing effects. Although

In-situ monitoring by Raman spectroscopy of the thermal doping of graphene and MoS₂ in O₂-controlled atmosphere

• Aurora Piazza,
• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Gianpiero Buscarino,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Antonino La Magna,
• Fabrizio Roccaforte,
• Marco Cannas,
• Franco Mario Gelardi and
• Simonpietro Agnello

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 418–424, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.44

• application such as thin flexible circuits and interconnecting transparent conductive electrodes for solar cells and/or touch screens [6]. Among the possible dopants for Gr, an easily accessible and promising one is oxygen. It acts as a p-type dopant and can also be activated by thermal treatments [13][14

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• resulting nanohybrids can be considered as valuable building blocks for flexible, magnetic polymer-based devices. Keywords: assembly; ATRP; magnetic nanoparticle; exchange-bias; films; functionalization; polymerization; poly(methyl methacrylate); polystyrene; seed-mediated growth; surface; Introduction

• Polymer-based hybrid materials are opening the way for engineering new, multifunctional, flexible materials exhibiting novel properties (e.g., mechanical, magnetic, electrical, optical) due to the synergy between the two components, polymer and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) [1]. In the case of magnetic

• polymers) [2][3]. If the interparticle distances are decreased too much, a collective magnetic glass state is set up, reducing magnetization and coercivity because of inhomogeneous and frustrated macrospin cluster freezing [4][5][6]. Ideally, flexible magnetic devices require dense but well-separated

Biological and biomimetic materials and surfaces

• Stanislav Gorb and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 403–407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.42

• -structured, flexible, hairy structures on their outer surfaces which can trap an air layer under water for time spans of several minutes, days and even months. The biological importance of these air layers may be buoyancy, insulation, oxygen supply during diving and/or friction reduction during swimming and

• siliceous teeth consist of composite materials with silica-based cap-like structures situated on chitin-bearing cuticle sockets that are connected through flexible resilient areas containing resilin protein. This composite architecture contributes to the performance of the siliceous teeth in damaging

Photocatalysis applications of some hybrid polymeric composites incorporating TiO₂ nanoparticles and their combinations with SiO₂/Fe₂O₃

• Andreea Laura Chibac,
• Tinca Buruiana,
• Violeta Melinte and
• Emil C. Buruiana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 272–286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.30

• urethane dimethacrylate (PTHF-UDMA) to be UV photopolymerized in the presence of Irgacure 819 as photoinitiator. This process led to the formation of flexible polymer networks (S1–S4). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was employed to evaluate the chemical composition (qualitative and quantitative

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

• Chao Yan,
• Qianru Liu,
• Jianzhi Gao,
• Zhibo Yang and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

• cracking and pulverization of electrodes during Li-ion insertion and extraction [6]. Numerous results have proven that fabricating nanostructured Si-based anode materials could effectively accommodate the severe volume changes during cycling [7][8]. Lu et al. developed an architecture of flexible silicon

Flexible photonic crystal membranes with nanoparticle high refractive index layers

• Torben Karrock,
• Moritz Paulsen and
• Martina Gerken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 203–209, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.22

• Torben Karrock Moritz Paulsen Martina Gerken Institute of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, Kiel, 24143, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.22 Abstract Flexible photonic crystal slabs with an area of 2 cm2 are fabricated by nanoimprint

• factor of Q ≈ 40 are observed. The highly flexible nature of the membranes allows for stretching of up to 20% elongation. Resonance peak positions for unstretched samples vary from 555 to 630 nm depending on the particle concentration. Stretching results in a resonance shift for these peaks of up to ≈80

• ; flexible membrane; nanostructure; photonic crystal; resonance shift; Introduction Photonic crystal slabs (also called resonance waveguide gratings) consist of a guiding layer with high refractive index on a nanostructured substrate. A subwavelength grating gives the incident light a lateral momentum and

Nitrogen-doped twisted graphene grown on copper by atmospheric pressure CVD from a decane precursor

• Ivan V. Komissarov,
• Nikolai G. Kovalchuk,
• Vladimir A. Labunov,
• Ksenia V. Girel,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Algirdas Lazauskas,
• Mindaugas Andrulevičius,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Viktoras Grigaliūnas,
• Šarunas Meškinis,
• Sigitas Tamulevičius and
• Serghej L. Prischepa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 145–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.15

• ]), deteriorates the graphene crystallinity. Additionally, these processes are operated at high temperatures, which restricts the application of graphene, including its use in flexible electronics and biomolecule encapsulation [21]. In this work, we employed a wet-chemical room temperature transfer process onto

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

• Matthias W. Speidel,
• Malte Kleemeier,
• Andreas Hartwig,
• Klaus Rischka,
• Angelika Ellermann,
• Rolf Daniels and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 45–63, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.6

• facilitated their successful exploration of a huge diversity of habitats. In this context, insects have evolved two distinctly different mechanisms to attach themselves to a variety of substrates, i.e., hairy surfaces and smooth flexible pads [1]. Usually, both types of adhesive devices involve supplementary

Graphene–polymer coating for the realization of strain sensors

• Carmela Bonavolontà,
• Carla Aramo,
• Massimo Valentino,
• Giampiero Pepe,
• Sergio De Nicola,
• Gianfranco Carotenuto,
• Angela Longo,
• Mariano Palomba,
• Simone Boccardi and
• Carosena Meola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 21–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.3

• to the charge tunneling mechanism occurring between neighboring platelets, and it critically depends on the composition, density and interconnection properties of the graphene components [2]. Polymers have been used as substrates to support strips of strain sensing components to make a flexible

A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• , sensitive, inexpensive, and offer a fast response [19]. Using electrochemical methodologies, the change in the amount of transferred ions in the presence of a target molecule can simply be related to its concentration. The highly flexible nature of these devices allows for applying various modifications to