Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• and Figure 3n, we infer that both the elongation and the area spread of the L929 cells on the undeveloped SU-8 films remain statistically unchanged in the stiffness range investigated. These results suggest that modulating the EBL exposure doses does not significantly influence the adhesion and the

• roughness of substrates would affect the adhesion and the morphology of cells [43]. To assess how the stiffness and the topography differ in influencing the cells, the alignment rates and the elongation factors of the L929 cells cultured on the three substrates have been determined as shown in Figure 6. The

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• , considered as the required work necessary to overcome the attraction forces between the sample surface and the polycarbonate probe surface, is a desirable parameter for mucoadhesive preparations aimed at buccal applications. In this sense, a higher adhesion could implicate higher retention, and consequently

• previously observed in the flow rheology with higher consistency index numbers. These higher values are desirable for a higher adhesion to the buccal cavity, leading to longer contact time. These results confirm that the system is mucoadhesive but also warrant further mucoadhesion investigations [11][59][71

• , it is possible to obtain a graph with the force required to separate two surfaces with time and the maximum required force to separate the formulation from the mucin disc (mucoadhesive force). In addition, the adhesion work values were calculated. The incorporation of CUR in mucoadhesive

Mannosylated brush copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ε-caprolactone) as multivalent lectin-binding nanomaterials

• Stefania Ordanini,
• Wanda Celentano,
• Anna Bernardi and
• Francesco Cellesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2192–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.212

• : atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP); glycopolymer; lectin; poly(ethylene glycol); poly(ε-caprolactone); ring-opening polymerization (ROP); Introduction Carbohydrate–protein interactions are involved in many biological processes, including cell recognition and cell–cell adhesion. These

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• Adhesion onto skin with increased residence time/prolonged release There are many properties that are identical for the several types of lipid nanoparticles – SLNs, NLCs and SmartLipids – because they only depend on physical characteristics (e.g., particle size or general adhesiveness of small particles

The importance of design in nanoarchitectonics: multifractality in MACE silicon nanowires

• Stefania Carapezzi and
• Anna Cavallini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2094–2102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.204

• adhesion force between the surfaces of the two NWs is larger than the elastic force. In order to theoretically confirm the self-assembly that occurred in both samples SiNW1 and SiNW2, we availed of literature [29][31] to model steps 1) and 2). Given a pillar-like structure of height h, clamped at one end

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• cells and (G) HeLa cells coated with halloysite-doped silica shells. Atomic force microscopy (PeakForce Tapping mode) images of inorganic silica/halloysite imprints templated on HeLa cells: (A) topography image, (B) non-specific adhesion map; (C) scanning electron microscopy image of inorganic silica

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• . The excellent adhesion between TiO2 nanoparticles and GO sheets resulted in enhanced conductivity, which is highly desirable for an efficient electron transfer process. The Li/S battery with a TiO2/GO-coated separator exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 1102.8 mAh g−1 and a 100th cycle

• and GO sheets exhibit excellent adhesion, which ensures efficient electron transfer from the GO sheet to nanoporous TiO2. The use of TiO2/GO composites as an interlayer can greatly suppress the migration of polysulfides due to their physical and chemical interactions with dissolved polysulfides

• μm (Figure 4c). Furthermore, the interface does not contain any cracks, suggesting the excellent adhesion of the TiO2/GO composite layer with a pristine separator. Figure 5 compares the cycle voltammetry (CV) curves of the Li/S batteries with pristine, GO-coated and TiO2/GO-coated separators at a

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

Development of a new hybrid approach combining AFM and SEM for the nanoparticle dimensional metrology

• Loïc Crouzier,
• Alexandra Delvallée,
• Sébastien Ducourtieux,
• Laurent Devoille,
• Guillaume Noircler,
• Christian Ulysse,
• Olivier Taché,
• Elodie Barruet,
• Christophe Tromas and
• Nicolas Feltin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1523–1536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.150

• substrate under ambient conditions, since the area/volume ratio becomes important, capillary adhesion forces must be taken into account. Deformations of the silica NP and substrate can be assessed using the model developed by Derjaguin, Muller and Toporov (DMT) [33]. This model describes the elastic

• deformation of spherical bodies by including adhesion forces to the Hertz contact equation. This interaction can be described by the Bradley theory [34]: with P the adhesion force and Δγ = γ1 + γ2 − γ12 the work of adhesion with γ1 and γ2, the surface energies of NP and substrate, respectively, and γ12 the

• : Finally, the theoretical deformation of the system is equal to 0.6 ± 0.2 nm for a 30 nm nominal diameter silica NP, 0.8 ± 0.3 nm for a 100 nm silica NP. Consequently, the 3.5 nm discrepancy between AFM and SEM measurements for FD304 particles cannot be fully explained by NP deformation due to adhesion

Rapid thermal annealing for high-quality ITO thin films deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Doina Craciun,
• Florin Garoi,
• Catalin Negrila,
• Beatrice Gabriela Sbarcea and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1511–1522, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.149

• low deposition rate and adjustment of the magnetron power for current intensities as small as possible. As a result of RTA processing, layers with strong adhesion to the substrate are achieved (see Figure 1b,d,f). At a specific temperature applied to the deposited samples, the elimination of gaseous

• crystallinity by increasing the crystallite size (from 12.7 nm to 34.3 nm). Also, it was found from SEM investigations (cross-sections) that films subjected to such a thermal treatment show good adhesion to the substrate. Based on XPS investigations, it was evidenced that stoichiometric thin films were obtained

Kelvin probe force microscopy of the nanoscale electrical surface potential barrier of metal/semiconductor interfaces in ambient atmosphere

• Petr Knotek,
• Tomáš Plecháček,
• Jan Smolík,
• Petr Kutálek,
• Filip Dvořák,
• Milan Vlček,
• Jiří Navrátil and
• Čestmír Drašar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1401–1411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.138

• tunneling microscopy (STM) [27][28] or by using AFM in the semicontact mode. The latter enables a describtion not only of the topography (size and shape) but also a detection of the changes in density, stiffness and adhesion of NPs [20][21][24][29][30]. In the present study we demonstrate that the Schottky

•  1B) due to local changes in adhesion, density, and stiffness [30]. This fact demonstrates the difference between the NPs and the substrate, regardless of any artifacts of the sample preparation/measurement. KPFM is a double-pass measurement technique, where the lift height between the first

Gas sensing properties of individual SnO₂ nanowires and SnO₂ sol–gel nanocomposites

• Alexey V. Shaposhnik,
• Dmitry A. Shaposhnik,
• Sergey Yu. Turishchev,
• Olga A. Chuvenkova,
• Stanislav V. Ryabtsev,
• Alexey A. Vasiliev,
• Xavier Vilanova,
• Francisco Hernandez-Ramirez and
• Joan R. Morante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1380–1390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.136

• and high surface-to-volume ratio, obtained by sintering, are traditionally used as sensing materials. By means of preparation methods such as magnetron sputtering, laser ablation, and pulverization, layer-by-layer nanoparticle deposition can be achieved with adhesion to the substrate and to previously

Nanoscale spatial mapping of mechanical properties through dynamic atomic force microscopy

• Zahra Abooalizadeh,
• Leszek Josef Sudak and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1332–1347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.132

• was not observed in the contact resonance measurements, we believe that one layer of graphene is sufficient to mask the mechanical property variations that result from the low coordinated atoms of the step beneath. Thus, while adhesion [50] and other mechanical properties like friction [51] can be

Fabrication of phase masks from amorphous carbon thin films for electron-beam shaping

• Lukas Grünewald,
• Dagmar Gerthsen and
• Simon Hettler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1290–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.128

• directly (Plano, Art. No. 21529-10). To create an electron-blocking aperture, a 3.5 nm/220 nm thick Cr/Pt layer was deposited onto the SixNy via PVD (Figure 2b, Cr not shown) with Cr acting as an adhesion layer. To achieve smooth aC thin films in combination with a circular Pt aperture, we have applied two

• , such as a Kimtech wipe (Kimberly-Clark Professional). Thinner films showed better adhesion although sagging of these films on the aperture edges was observed, which was less pronounced for thicker films (cf. Figure 3c,d). As a compromise, an intermediate thickness of 30 nm for the floated aC films was

Revisiting semicontinuous silver films as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates

• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Małgorzata Norek,
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz and
• Piotr Nyga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1048–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.105

• hypothetical continuous film) of silver is e-beam deposited on a proper adhesion layer (for example silicon dioxide) [43][44]. The results of simulations and experimental studies show that the hot spots exist in SSFs [2][44][45][46][47], and hence they have been extensively studied as SERS substrates [40][41

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• Lumogen® Red and cells was neglectable. In contrast, all NP formulations showed an increasing cell interaction over time resulting in a plateau after approximately 18 h. The presence of proteins on the PLGA NP surface facilitates the adhesion to HepG2 cells compared to the bare particles. The significant

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• graphene with better quality. The hydrophobic character of the surface was confirmed by dropping water on it with a pipette, which revealed the lack of liquid adhesion to the surface. We also analysed the influence of the process parameters (pressure, Ar/C2H2 flow ratio and cooling rate) on the defect

• detection measurements that will be show in this section. An additional effect of the O2 plasma treatment is that the initially hydrophobic graphene layer becomes hydrophilic, as observed by analysing the adhesion of a droplet of DI water to the surface; the adhesion improved after the plasma treatment

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• after exposure to PCL-, PLLA- or Au-NPs compared to non-exposed controls (Figure 6A,B). β-Catenin, the key player in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, has been demonstrated to regulate and coordinate cell–cell adhesion by formation and stabilization of adherens and tight junctions [26]. The active

Fabrication of silver nanoisland films by pulsed laser deposition for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Bogusław Budner,
• Mariusz Kuźma,
• Barbara Nasiłowska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 882–893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.89

• . A very sharp edge for height (layer thickness) measurements was obtained in this way due to the low adhesion of the silver films to the Si substrate. AFM measurements were carried out in three different areas on the surface of each sample. Then for each sample ten AFM cross sections from different

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• –CF2− and –CF3 groups appeared in the FTIR spectra of Al2O3–PFOS but without the peak at 1065 cm−1, which indicates that there was probably no chemical bonding between Al2O3 and PFOS, suggesting the physical adhesion between Al2O3 nanoparticles and PFOS. Wettability switching by UV illumination and

Features and advantages of flexible silicon nanowires for SERS applications

• Hrvoje Gebavi,
• Vlatko Gašparić,
• Dubravko Risović,
• Nikola Baran,
• Paweł Henryk Albrycht and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 725–734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.72

• by the water surface tension through adhesive forces [40] and during drying, the strong surface tension moves the SiNWs towards each other creating twisted and irregular SiNWs bundles. For the long sputtering times (when the SiNWs are completely covered with Ag), adhesion and surface tension are not

• S16). As reported in [42] we assume that capillary forces dominate over van der Waals forces by several orders of magnitude. During drying, the adhesion between liquid and SiNW surface pulls and bends the SiNWs, changing the substrate morphology and consequently increasing the SERS intensity. Water

The effect of translation on the binding energy for transition-metal porphyrines adsorbed on Ag(111) surface

• Luiza Buimaga-Iarinca and
• Cristian Morari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 706–717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.70

• oxides, to molecules adsorbed at surfaces and in porous media. In particular the vdW-DF-cx functional can reliably describe both the molecular adhesion on silver and the Ag bulk structure [56]. A correct geometric model for both molecule and metallic slab represents a major advantage in the study of

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• from previous reported methods where hydrophobic molecules were directly incorporated into pulp fibers, insofar as it utilized the charge centers of LDH to make a conjugation with stearic acid on one side of the LDH molecules and cellulose on the other side. This way the amount of adhesion of

• hydrophobic molecules on pulp was carefully controlled as the adhesion was steered by self-directed –COOH…OH hydrogen bonding. This SA-LDH-CEL hybrid material offered super-hydrophobicity. We have decided to extend this research using another environmentally friendly natural fatty acid, namely abietic acid

• increase the surface roughness of the fibers and yield good adhesion properties. Bleached and unbleached fibers, refined and unrefined, were used as starting materials to synthesize direct composites (AA + fiber), hybrid fibers (LDH + fiber) and composite hybrid fibers (AA + LDH + fiber). We expect that

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• . However, these chemical methods cannot avoid aggregation phenomena, which is a major drawback. Recent years have witnessed a very high level of research interest in well-defined biomimetic compounds. Because the micro/nanomaterials in nature usually possess intrinsic hydrophobicity and high adhesion

Mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Aβ₄₂, Aβ₄₀, and α-synuclein fibrils: a coarse-grained method to complement experimental studies

• Adolfo B. Poma,
• Horacio V. Guzman,
• Mai Suan Li and
• Panagiotis E. Theodorakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 500–513, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.51

• tool for the modeling of the nanoindentation process. It is worth noting that we prevent any possible adhesion between the indenter and the fibril by placing a divergent interaction between the tip and the Cα atom, and hence other models [58][60] with such features are not considered. Moreover we chose