Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• with its unsaturated analog trilinolein, represent the most prevalent triglycerides in oils. The introduction of mesopores by post-synthetic treatment with hydrogen peroxide and a subsequent calcination step results in the generation of an additional active surface with Brønsted basic sites becoming

• -synthetic modification of the ETS-10: an ion-exchange method [27], acidic treatment [28][29], and treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) [26][30][31]. The latter approach resulted in a notable pore network modification by introducing larger micropores (≈1–2 nm) and mesopores (≈5–30 nm) in a controllable

• and bearing uncompensated negative charge (O−), and the isolated hydroxyl groups forming the hydrogen carbonate species HO–CO2− [48]. It is worth noting that probably only those O− Brønsted sites are sensed by CO2 which are located between the 12-membered ring pore and the Ti–O–Ti nanorods. The

Improvement of the thermoelectric properties of a MoO₃ monolayer through oxygen vacancies

• Wenwen Zheng,
• Wei Cao,
• Ziyu Wang,
• Huixiong Deng,
• Jing Shi and
• Rui Xiong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2031–2038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.199

• concentration of O vacancy concentrations. Hydrogen-ion intercalation [12] and solar-light irradiation [13] can turn MoO3 into MoO3−x and hence increase the electrical conductivity. Understanding the effect of O vacancies in MoO3 is very beneficial for its thermoelectric applications. Moreover, low-dimensional

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• [149]. This kind of molecular recognition based on hydrogen bonding and/or electrostatic interaction is weakened in polar media such as water phase. Chemical species with uneven charge distribution within a molecule are stabilized by solvation with polar solvent molecules, which is highly

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• with a low CCT were achieved. Experimental Materials and methods Diammonium hydrogen citrate and urea were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. PVP (MW: 58,000, Alfa Aeasar) was used in the form of the polymer matrix. Commercial red phosphor, Sr2Si5N8

• ) placed a particular distance away from LED chip, throughout this study. Details of this configuration can be found in our previous study [35]. Synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots Diammonium hydrogen citrate and urea were selected for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped CDots. First, diammonium hydrogen

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• , other contrast agents. Au-CPMV-labeled cell tracking has great potential for use in clinical studies. Experimental Materials Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH, MW ≈ 15,000), hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate 99.9%+, sodium chloride, 50 and 100 kDa cut-off Millipore filter membranes, potassium

• ) against 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 15 h. Gold hydroxide solution Gold hydroxide solution was prepared following the published protocol [30]. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (HAuCl4·3H2O) (17.4 mL of 25 mM aqueous solution) was diluted with DD water (982.6 mL), and potassium carbonate (249 mg, 1.8

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• well-documented and has been shown to occur due to changes in the hydrogen bonding between water and hydrophilic sites along the hydrogel polymer backbone (e.g., –C=O and –NH) [58][63][83]. The loss of hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the amide groups of a pNIPAM hydrogel above its LCST leads

• electrostatic hydrogen-bonding interactions and consequently higher osmotic swelling pressure, thereby increasing the particle size to a more swollen state below the LCST [84]. Due to these same induced interactions, the LCST of highly ionized microgels is also shifted to higher temperatures compared to

Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells

• Liang Xu,
• Dekang Xu,
• Ziying Li,
• Yu Gao and
• Haijun Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189

• and natural active ingredients in which the active ingredients, which contain sufficient polar functional groups such as COOH, OH, and NH2, are anchored to the polar head of phospholipids by polar and hydrogen-bond interactions [28]. Because of the interactions, phospholipids and natural active

High-tolerance crystalline hydrogels formed from self-assembling cyclic dipeptide

• Yongcai You,
• Ruirui Xing,
• Qianli Zou,
• Feng Shi and
• Xuehai Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1894–1901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.184

• hydrogelator for the formation of supramolecular hydrogels. The unique hydrogen bonding in C-WY endows a high propensity for self-assembly and the resulting hydrogels are revealed to be crystalline. The crystalline hydrogels possess excellent mechanical capacity and superior tolerance to various harsh

• linear counterparts [38][39][40][41]. There are many natural CDPs since they can be produced as secondary metabolites in many organisms. Hence, these are ideal raw materials for engineering functional architectures because of their unique biosecurity. Especially, CDPs contain four hydrogen-bonding sites

• precipitation formation [47]. Herein, we investigate the self-assembly and application of a CDP, cyclo-(Trp-Tyr) (C-WY) (Scheme 1). C-WY contains a rigid six-member ring as a bridge, which increases the structural rigidity and stability. The abundant hydrogen bonds in C-WY endow a high propensity for self

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• intermolecular contribution to the NCI surfaces was calculated by means of the INTERMOLECULAR keyword, and the VMD-1.9.3 software [65] was employed for graphical display. Molecular DFT calculations were performed for the C60@TTFTB system using the Gaussian-16.A03 suite of packages [66]. Hydrogen atoms were added

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• -frequency magnetron sputtering (rfMS). In another previous study [22] we demonstrated NCs in as-grown structures with broader spectral response and improved efficiency after exposure to hydrogen plasma. The effect of annealing of such structures is yet to be explored, in order to preserve the functionality

• charges (depending on the location of the bond) and interface states [45]. One solution to passivate such dangling bonds and/or electrically active recombination centers is the treatment of the structure with hydrogen plasma, as already carried out in our previous study [22] or by annealing the structures

Long-term entrapment and temperature-controlled-release of SF₆ gas in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

• Hana Bunzen,
• Andreas Kalytta-Mewes,
• Leo van Wüllen and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1851–1859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.180

• as promising materials for gas storage of attractive fuel gases such as hydrogen [6][7][8] or methane [9][10][11]. In these applications the gas is adsorbed inside the pores. To enhance the guest adsorption in MOFs, several different approaches have been introduced over the last few years. These

• path sampling, the fractional atom coordinates of four framework hydrogen atoms were fixed. In addition, the geometry of the linear F–S–F group (as part of SF6) parallel to the transition path was restrained to the UFF equilibrium bond distance values. During transition path sampling all unit cell

• /200 Å in the <001> direction. The lattice constants and some hydrogen atoms were fixed during the run, the latter constraints being required to avoid translation of the whole framework when approaching the transition state of the scan path. An example input file is provided as part of Supporting

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• wavelength of 535 nm. The untreated cells were used as negative controls, while cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (100 μM) served as positive controls. The data are expressed as percentage of fluorescence intensity compared to negative controls. The changes in the intracellular level of GSH were measured

Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study

• Elisabetta Esposito,
• Maddalena Sguizzato,
• Markus Drechsler,
• Paolo Mariani,
• Federica Carducci,
• Claudio Nastruzzi,
• Giuseppe Valacchi and
• Rita Cortesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174

• , with respect to non-smokers, as well as oral leukoplakia and oral cancers, such as lip cancer. Indeed, tobacco smoke is constituted of thousands of toxic compounds, including benzene, formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, arsenic and radioactive components, producing free radicals that cause

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• hydrogen bonding, allowing the formation of well-grown higher-order structures (i.e., nanoribbon networks). The observation demonstrates the significant effect of small-molecule additives for controlling the self-assembly of cellulose oligomers for the creation of hierarchically structured materials in a

• , and 22.1° (Figure 7), which corresponded to 110, and 020 of the cellulose II allomorph, respectively [30]. In addition, the ATR-FTIR absorption spectra showed two characteristic peaks for the intrachain hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups in the cellulose II allomorph [51] at approximately 3441 and 3490

• were similar in shape to lamellar crystals of cellulose oligomers [42][52][53][54]. According to our examination, the cross-linking of the nanoribbons was apparently based on their physical contact, possibly through the hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bonding. We previously demonstrated nanoribbon

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• oxidation state +1, was reported to form phase-pure NiGa and Ni3Ga nanoparticles with Ni(COD)2 in the ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4] under microwave-induced pyrolysis at 230 °C [30]. GaCp* is reported to be thermally stable in organic solvents in the absence of hydrogen to up to 300 °C [43]. In imidazolium-based

• without additional hydrogen [46]. Here, small NiGa nanoparticles were synthesized from Ni(COD)2 and GaCp* in the ionic liquid [BMIm][NTf2]. The nanoparticles were characterized and tested for the semihydrogenation reaction of 4-octyne following our work on the selective semihydrogenation reaction of the

• yields of 90% and selectivities of 94% and 87%, respectively. In this previous work 2 g of the alkyne substrate were mixed with 0.1 g of a 0.5 wt % NiGa@[BMIm][BF4] dispersion (containing 3.9 µmol NiGa) in a steel autoclave. Hydrogen was charged with 5 bar at 120 °C and the reaction was run for 3 h [30

Tuning the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries by modifying the structural defects of the carbon felt electrode

• Ditty Dixon,
• Deepu Joseph Babu,
• Aiswarya Bhaskar,
• Hans-Michael Bruns,
• Joerg J. Schneider,
• Frieder Scheiba and
• Helmut Ehrenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1698–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.165

• single redox species, element cross-contamination issues, which are common in other redox flow batteries such as Cr/Fe, are obviously nonexistent [1]. Nevertheless, the system suffers from irreversible capacity fade due to parasitic reactions such as air oxidation of V2+ species and hydrogen evolution

• reaction (HER) at the negative electrode [2][3][4]. The air oxidation of V2+ species can be completely prevented by keeping the negative tank under inert gas atmosphere. However, the HER at the negative electrode is almost unavoidable as the redox potential of V3+/V2+ (−0.26 V vs normal hydrogen electrode

• the electrical conductivity, leading to performance loss. Furthermore, it has been proposed by Schweiss et al. that an increase in the amorphous content in the felt can increase the hydrogen evolution reaction [12]. In one way or the other, functionalization with heteroatoms will always reduce the

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• sepiolite fibers are less covered, the amount of MCPA surpassed the ion exchange capacity of the LDH. This fact might be related to interaction of MCPA anions with hydrogen atoms of the silanol groups on the surface of sepiolite, acting as new points for MCPA adsorption. In fact, sepiolite may adsorb MCPA

• perturbation originates from hydrogen interactions between the silanol groups of the silicate and LDH particles, inducing a shift of the associated IR band towards lower frequencies. In fact, the band practically becomes imperceptible, mainly in the MCPA-LDH/Sep hybrid nanoarchitectures after thermal treatment

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

• Quantachrome Instruments after vacuum activation at 150 °C for at least 24 h. The total pore volume was calculated at relative pressure of p/p0 = 0.96 for each material. Elemental analysis was carried out with a vario Micro cube from Elementar. The elemental composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• feature of these building blocks is that chiral centers are contained. The synergy between various noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding [21][22], π–π stacking [23][24], and hydrophobic interactions [25][26] provided by other moieties in self-assembly units, cause the chiral information to

• was closely related to the choice of solvent, and the photo-dimerization of the cinnamic amide moiety only occurred for methanol and ethanol. Other solvents could not be shown to induce this kind of transformation. We speculated that methanol or ethanol may affect the hydrogen bonding between the

• 3NCLG, the shoulder absorption band showed a red shift to ≈3328 cm−1 and the main absorption band displayed a blue shift to ≈3302 cm−1, which illustrated the weaker hydrogen bonding between 3NCLG molecules than that of 2NCLG and 4NCLG. The CH3 and CH2 stretching vibration bands of alkyl chains at ≈2955

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• [1], hydrogen production [2], resistive switching [3] and organic electronics [4][5] to so-called thermoelectric power generators [6]. The performance of all of the abovementioned applications is extremely sensitive to the work function (WF) of the active oxide layer. As a vast majority of

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• from external disturbances [82][83][84]. Zhong and Xu summarized, in their recent review, the preparation of metal nanoparticles for hydrogen generation from liquid chemical hydrides [85]. In their review, the usage of effective catalysts within low-dimensional cages of metal-organic frameworks was

• ]. Although molecular recognition via hydrogen bonding are quite difficult in a highly polar aqueous media, the molecular recognition of sugars [145][146], peptides [147][148][149], amino acids [150], nucleic acid bases [151][152], and nucleotides [153][154] is accomplishable at the air–water interface even

• though this recognition relies on hydrogen bonding. Systematic studies on binding constants of a fixed recognition pair, phosphate and guanidinium ions, revealed a significant influence of the interfacial environment on the interactions between the molecules embedded at various interfaces (Figure 3) [155

High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites

• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Marina N. Rumyantseva,
• Alexander S. Frolov,
• Alexey D. Yapryntsev and
• Alexander M. Gaskov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1537–1547, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.151

• heterostructures were intensively studied as sensitive elements of field-effect or Schottky diode gas sensors. These materials have a high sensitivity to hydrogen and hydrocarbons in the temperature range of 200–600 °C [9][10][11][12][13][14]. The resistive-type sensors based on MO/SiC composite materials have not

Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

• Rieko Kobayashi,
• Takafumi Ishii,
• Yasuo Imashiro and
• Jun-ichi Ozaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1497–1510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.148

• 200 μg·cm−2). A reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a glassy carbon plate were employed as reference and counter electrodes, respectively. The electrolyte was a 0.5 M solution of H2SO4 in deionized water. Prior to the measurements, dissolved oxygen in the acid solution was purged by bubbling

Flexible freestanding MoS₂-based composite paper for energy conversion and storage

• Florian Zoller,
• Jan Luxa,
• Thomas Bein,
• Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing,
• Daniel Bouša and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1488–1496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.147

• material. The highest capacitance achieved was 33 mF·cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm−2, demonstrating potential application in supercapacitors. We further used the material as a cathode for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with an onset potential of approximately −0.2 V vs RHE. The onset

• devices where high flexibility and mechanical strength are desired. Keywords: flexible composites; hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); lithium ion batteries (LIBs); molybdenum disulfide; nanoarchitectonics; supercapacitors; Introduction The world’s growing population has a nearly ever-increasing demand

• materials [26]. Another popular related field in the context of energy storage and sustainable energy production is water splitting to produce hydrogen. The best catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are unequivocally based on platinum and iridium, however the scarcity and the high cost of