Thermal transport in kinked nanowires through simulation

• Alexander N. Robillard,
• Graham W. Gibson and
• Ralf Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 586–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.49

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• images derived from the red box area in image (b). XPS survey spectra of SCZ samples. 3D RL plots of the hybrids with different sample thicknesses in the range of 2–18 GHz with 30 wt % filler load. (a) SCZ0.5; (b) SCZ1; (c) SCZ2; (d) SCZ4. Dielectric tangent loss and impedance of SCZ/wax samples in the

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• morphology. This image focusses on a “hollow region” of yeast cells encapsulated into the silica gel substrate. In Figure 2B, pseudohyphal growth is clearly observed, yielding long filaments of associated cells that expand as a three-dimensional network within the matrix. In this hollow region within the

• shown. This image shows how single cells or groups of a few of them can be confined into a self-assembled silica nanoparticle shell in which there is also a small hollow region between the cells and the silica particles. Nonetheless, an excessive presence of silica nanoparticles that has not been self

• where there are no cavities where the yeast can be entrapped. Figure 4C shows the ESD map (upper image) composed from the elemental distribution images (bottom) of a yeast–silica gel nanoarchitecture. The embedded yeast cells are not fully integrated within the smaller particles of the silica material

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• sample preparation protocol for GNPref is to obtain a dispersion that contains primarily graphene nanoplatelets [6] without unexfoliated graphite particles. To evaluate this [30][31][32], AFM was carried out to measure the thickness of the flakes from the dispersion. A representative AFM image of the

• -light image of the sample with 65 wt % sediment addition, with the sub-maps used overlaid. When taking 14 sub-maps of 30 points and applying the criteria for “sediment-like” spectrum defined above for the R2 value of 2D peak fitting, the fraction of sediment measured varied from 0% to 10.3%, with a mean

• production of materials. (A) Example AFM image of flakes from the GNPref sample; the scale bar is 2 μm. (B) Example SEM image of flakes from the GNPref sample; the scale bar is 200 nm. (C) Flake sizes of GNPref sample measured by AFM with histograms of the lateral size and thickness distributions. (A

The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• spot was one millimetre in diameter. The illuminated area was calculated based on the microscopy image of the leg (similar to Figure 1f). The mosquito hind leg was fixed using double-sided adhesive tape (Tesa®, Hamburg, Germany) so that the tarsus was parallel to the horizontal plane with the dorsal

• tarsal segments of the hindlegs, where the black scales are close to the white scales (in the inset the same image under stereomicroscope is shown). Note that both scales are spatulate, convex and show a rounded apex. Their size is variable, and some small scales are visible under wider scales (arrow

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• B. Shao et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, vol. 8, issue 23, © 2020); permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. (a) SEM images of the poly(1,3,5-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine)-based foams at low (up) and high (down) magnifications. (b) An optical image

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• oligomeric chains were significantly elongated. High-resolution scanning tunneling microscope (STM) topography shows alternating bright twin spots, which correspond to phenylene and tetrafluorophenylene, respectively. A high-resolution atomic force microscope (AFM) image of an entirely elongated fine

• precursor caused macrocyclization, resulting in a polyphenylene dendrimer. Further annealing at 623 K for 2 min resulted in surface-assisted cyclic hydrogenation and eventual conversion to the target zigzag coronoid C144. A magnified STM image of zigzag coronoid C144 reveals a hexagonal graphene nanoflake

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• TEM due to energetic electron bombardment causing burn, negative staining using uranyl acetate was performed. Figure 4d shows the TEM image of the Ch/Q-Ag NPs exposed by negative staining. It is seen that the chitosan/quercetin shell structure uniformly covers the core Ag NPs (see insets of Figure 4d

• analysis of the synthesized Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs. (d) TEM image of the Ch/Q-Ag NPs taken by the negative staining method using uranyl acetate. The insets of (d) show the images of the stained shell structure of the Ch/Q-Ag NPs. (a) UV–vis absorption spectra of the quercetin–AlCl3 complex and quercetin

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• (only 6% used 3D imaging, Figure 1a3) [19]. Furthermore, the subjective interpretation of results obtained by imaging techniques cannot be neglected [17]. Based on 50 studies regarding NP-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA to cells/tissues, only a small fraction reported systematic image quantification

• after image capture (26%, Figure 1a2). Flow cytometry, also a fluorescence-based method, is an alternate assessment of uptake and transfection. It is commonly used for high-throughput cell studies and is known for both rapid data acquisition and large data sets [17]. Flow cytometry can generate large

• ]. This technology measures the mean fluorescence intensity and percent positive value of cells, while also capturing an image of each individual event; this provides information, such as cellular distribution patterns of NPs [22], while also allowing for investigating cellular uptake pathways and

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• . Application of biomimetic cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles in different types of diseases: therapeutic and diagnostic methods. Figure 1 was drawn using Figdraw (https://www.figdraw.com), export ID PSWIPb05cf. The materials contained in the image are copyrighted by Home for Researchers. This content

• is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Different roles of the cancer cell membrane. Figure 2 was drawn by Figdraw (https://www.figdraw.com), export ID SWOTY96667. The materials contained in the image are copyrighted by Home for Researchers. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Schematic representation of

• fluorescent dye Cy5.5 (Cy5.5@HMnO2-AM) in mice. (A) In vivo fluorescence imaging. (B) Statistical analysis of the fluorescence intensity of tumors in different treatment groups. (C) Mouse image. (D) Ex vivo fluorescence imaging of major organs. (E) T1-weighted MR image of the biomimetic nanoparticles. (F) T1

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• carbon material C-11, and (c) SEM image of the Vulcan XC-72R reference material. N2 adsorption–desorption curves for synthesized C-11 and commercial Vulcan XC-72R carbon materials. Results of TEM and EDX measurements of selected samples with Pt deposited using PLD and reference catalyst 20% Pt XC-72R. In

High–low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy for measuring the interface state density

• Ryo Izumi,
• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 175–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.18

• . Results and Discussion First, we performed AFM/KPFM measurements on the pn-patterned Si surface to identify the dopant regions on the semiconductor surface. Figure 6a and Figure 6b show the topographic and CPD images of the pn-patterned Si substrate, respectively. The CPD image in Figure 6b was obtained

• by KPFM using an AC bias voltage with a low modulation frequency of fm = 100 Hz. Figure 6c and Figure 6d show the line profiles corresponding to the white lines in Figure 6a and Figure 6b, respectively. From the topographic image and the line profile, there are rodlike protrusions on the surface with

• image and the line profile, there is a difference of approximately 30–40 mV between the CPD values of the two rodlike protrusions; the region with the highest CPD value is the p-type region, the region with a CPD value 30–40 mV below the highest value is the n-type region, and the region with the lowest

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• image of CQDs is presented in Figure S1b (Supporting Information File 1). TEM and AFM images show that the CQDs are spherical. Statistical analysis conducted on more than 20 AFM images in Gwyddion software showed that more than 80% of the CQDs had a diameter between 2 and 5 nm while their height was 2.6

• ). After 48 h of treatment, the cells were washed in PBS and visualized using an Olympus BX51 fluorescence microscope with a Spectrum Aqua filter. All images were captured using a 20× objective and analyzed with Cytovision 3.1 software (Applied Imaging Corporation). (a) Top-view AFM image of neat PU and (b

• ) top-view AFM image of a CQDs/PU composite. (a) FTIR spectra of PU and CQDs/PU; (b) UV–vis spectrum of CQDs/PU; (c) PL spectra of CQDs/PU. (a) Intensity of the EPR signal of control (left) and CQDs/PU composite sample (right); (b) luminescence of the CQDs/PU composite at 1270 nm in different

Batch preparation of nanofibers containing nanoparticles by an electrospinning device with multiple air inlets

• Dong Wei,
• Chengwei Ye,
• Adnan Ahmed and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 141–150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.15

• using an electronic balance (XJ120A, Precisa LTD.). The nanofiber morphology was investigated by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S4800, Hitachi LTD.), and Image J software (National Institute of Mental Health) was used to characterize the fiber diameter distribution by random selection of

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• distribution is investigated by means of scanning Joule expansion microscopy (SJEM) [32]. The technique provides a method to obtain the relative temperature distribution at the nanoscale starting from the measurement of induced thermal expansion, which can be directly mapped in a standard AFM-based image using

• setting of 512 points per line. The resulting pixel size is 58.7 nm. AFM scans were then performed at a scan rate of 0.1 Hz resulting in the tip being over each pixel of the image for approximately 10 ms. At a drive frequency of 1227 Hz, this corresponds to more than ten cycles of expansion and

• lock-in signal, as reported in Figure 6, validating the measurements. SJEM experiment Figure 9 shows an AFM image of the silver surface in a 30 × 30 μm2 window centered on the active element. On the left is a topographical image of the surface showing the element, which consists of a constriction of

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• (chosen for its inertness against microorganism proliferation and for the high image quality it provides with upright fluorescence microscopy). Liquid diffusion assay. The samples were placed in individual, sterile dishes and inoculated with 4 mL of E. coli or C. albicans suspensions of 0.1 OD600. Samples

• after 0, 1, 3, 6, or 24 hours contact with the samples; inserted image of immersed functionalized textile. For both microorganisms, 3 wt % and 5 wt % conditions are significantly different (p-value < 0.05) from the controls whatever the time (except at time = 0, i.e., inoculation suspension, and at 1 h

• inhibition zone sizes for E. coli and C. albicans. Both total (i.e., sample and inhibition zones together) and sample areas are measured by image analysis with the diameter of the Petri dish as the distance reference). Neat inhibition area was defined as the difference between total and sample areas. The 3

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• ). These small pores highlight the early dealloying stage and the propagating front at the grain boundaries [38]. After 30 min in HCl, bigger pores are formed (Figure 2b) and the cross-section image shows structures made of a porous and full layers (Figure 2f). After 60 min of dealloying, the initial

• layers as shown in the cross-section image (Figure 3d) with void and full layers. This is the result of the preferential dealloying of the aluminum-rich nanolayer as previously reported (Figure 2f). When increasing the amount of initial silver to 30 atom %, one can see an increase in the ligament size

• ). For the sample AlAg18 dealloyed in H3PO4 for 60 min, small ligaments (24 ± 4 nm) can be seen on the surface (Figure 5a). The initial structure made of dispersed nanocolumns is not visible in the cross-section image (Figure 5d). When increasing the initial concentration of silver to 30 atom %, the top

Liquid phase exfoliation of talc: effect of the medium on flake size and shape

• Samuel M. Sousa,
• Helane L. O. Morais,
• Joyce C. C. Santos,
• Ana Paula M. Barboza,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• Elisângela S. Pinto and
• Mariana C. Prado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 68–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.8

• contact mode using commercial silicon probes (MikroMasch, HQ:NSC35/AlBs or HQ:NSC36/AlBs). For each sample, nine different 5 μm × 5 μm fields were chosen at random and scanned at 0.5 Hz with 500 pixels/line (lateral resolution of 10 nm/pixel). Image processing (line and plane corrections) and flake

Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles

• Bin Liu,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 52–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.6

• open air at room temperature and the grids were placed in a box protected from dust. Statistics from image analysis were performed over at least 300 multipods or 200 chains. The ζ potential value of 1-PSN aqueous dispersions (pH ≈5.7) was measured using the Malvern Zetasizer 3000 HS setup (Malvern

• aggregates formed after 16, 40, 120, or 240 h are shown on the top. Scale bars: 100 nm. a) TEM image showing some heterodimers obtained after incubation in a 7:3 (vol/vol) THF/salty water mixture during 24 h of a 1:1 mixture of 1-PSN with a PPSR of 0.45 and 0.38. b) Number distribution of 1-PSN of both sizes

• . Scale bars: 200 nm. Experimental conditions are displayed in Table 1. b) Time dependence of for 1-PSN/2-PSN = 0 (magenta), 0.5 (light blue), 1 (green), and 1.5 (blue). Curves are a guide to the eye. c) TEM image of a chain obtained by mixing 2-PSN with 1-PSN with a PPSR of 0.60 (1-PSN/2-PSN = 0.5

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• niobium and cobalt nanocomposite. Image reproduced from [37] (© 2020 A. Vakhrushev et al., distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)). Multilayer nanocomposite of niobium and cobalt (a) formed in a numerical experiment during deposition on a 300 K

• substrate and a group of cobalt atoms was cut out to simulate the magnetic properties (b). The image shown in (a) was adapted from [37] (© 2020 A. Vakhrushev et al., distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)). Spatial distribution of

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• consequence of collective surface-plasmon resonances. The finite threshold number is the consequence of the collective excitation of the cavity mode [32][33]. Radiation detection For detection of EMW emission we use a superconducting microwave detector. Figure 6a shows an optical image of the detector. It

• characteristics from (a). The peak represents the resonant step. It reduces with decreasing N and is not visible for N = 106 (lower panel) below the threshold number of JJs. (a) Optical image of a superconducting detector with a log-periodic microwave antenna. (b) SEM image of a nanoscale sensor junction (false

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• us to precisely image the molecular configuration of the mixed phase. In contrast to previous studies that focussed on understanding the electronic states below the Fermi level [18], we focus on the electronic states above the Fermi level. Our dI/dV measurements show a loss of the free electron-like

• oscillation amplitude of 50 pm. The resonance frequency of the sensor is 38819 Hz, which is much higher than the modulation voltage used for spectroscopy data. Results and Discussion Figure 1a is an AFM image of an island showing both PC and P2C phases. The internal structure of the molecules appears similar

• contrast. The raw data is given in Figure S2 of Supporting Information File 1. In the lower half of the image, an area labelled PC can be seen. The unit cell of the PC phase is indicated by the green arrows in Figure 1a and includes one PTCDA molecule and one CuPc molecule. An area of a double-row of PTCDA

Utilizing the surface potential of a solid electrolyte region as the potential reference in Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Nobuyuki Ishida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1558–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.129

• an open circle. (a, b) Topography and CPD images, respectively, obtained across the solid electrolyte region (indicated in Figure 1a) when 0 V was applied between the Au electrodes. Image size is 45 μm × 3 μm. Scan rate is 0.1 Hz. (c, d) Cross sections of topography and CPD taken from the images in

• profiles were taken from each image obtained with different applied DC voltages and plotted in light colors. Their average values are plotted in dark colors. (b) The line profiles shown in (a) are offset such that the potential of the electrolyte region becomes zero, to analyze the change in electrode

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• ) × 103 without the formation of a gel fraction have been found. A model image of the structural unit of the PDP polymer is shown in Figure 1a. Polymers of this class are soluble in organic solvents and have exceptional film-forming properties [5][6]. According to these results, continuous homogeneous