Electronic conduction during the formation stages of a single-molecule junction

• Atindra Nath Pal,
• Tal Klein,
• Ayelet Vilan and
• Oren Tal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1471–1477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.138

• its narrowest cross section (with conductance of ≈1 G0 and >2 G0, respectively), that is followed by the insertion of a molecule into the junction (scenarios c and d, respectively). Finally, complete breaking of the parallel junction configuration is highly unlikely (2%, scenario f), probably since it

Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Federico Venturi,
• Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
• Amir H. Tavabi,
• Alberto Rota,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
• Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

• field (0.3 T) along the side, before the insertion of the sample. The magnetization state is then observed at remanence, and reveals an onion state. (a) AFM image of a square ring. (b) Height profile corresponding to the red dashed line in (a). (c) 3D AFM topographic map of the area in (a). (d, e) MFM

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• created. This post lift-off region is found to be suitable for insertion of a variety of biological probes, which allows for the creation of different types of bioactive substrates. Depending on the modifications to the experimental conditions, the processes of direct probe insertion, molecular structure

• platform [25][26]. It is important to note that the lift-off process creates a local molecular environment that is very unique and highly suitable for the insertion of bioactive probes [26][27]. Due to the incompleteness of the contact-induced reaction, the post lift-off region represents an unusual

• stamp rendering 20 μm microchannels. Three different thiolated probe solutions (5 μM in 25 mM TRIS buffer, 150 mM NaCl, 1 μM TCEP, pH 8.2) were introduced into separated channels for 60 min biomolecule insertion. The microchannel stamp was then quickly separated from the Au substrate in a deionized

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

• Xiaoli Sun and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2711–2718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.270

• -point mesh was used for the calculation of adsorption and diffusion of Li on a 6 × 6 × 1 supercell. As the electrochemical process involves insertion of Li ions into anode materials with a concurrent flow of electrons to compensate charge balance, and therefore, the neutral state of Li was considered in

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• ]. Electrochemical tests of the obtained materials in 6 M KOH electrolyte evidenced a significant reduction of the interfacial contact resistance of the electrode with the insertion of MWCNTs. Luo et al. have prepared a hierarchical porous carbon–MWCNT hybrid by carbonization of a mixture of phenolic resin and

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• as films can tune interparticle distances and conductivity [115]. Van der Molen et al. presented two-dimensional arrays of gold nanoparticles with octanethiol surface ligands that could be cross-linked by molecular insertion of diarylethene moieties. Hexagonally ordered particle layers were subjected

Ta₂N₃ nanocrystals grown in Al₂O₃ thin layers

• Krešimir Salamon,
• Maja Buljan,
• Iva Šarić,
• Mladen Petravić and
• Sigrid Bernstorff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2162–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.215

• -assembly of semiconductor quantum dots in amorphous alumina or silica multilayers [18][19]. The key point of this deposition design is the insertion of dielectric layers, so called spacer layers, between all arbitrarily thick active metallic layers. In that way, upon annealing, the growth and final size of

Systematic control of α-Fe₂O₃ crystal growth direction for improved electrochemical performance of lithium-ion battery anodes

• Nan Shen,
• Miriam Keppeler,
• Barbara Stiaszny,
• Holger Hain,
• Filippo Maglia and
• Madhavi Srinivasan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2032–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.204

• a few cycles [17]. This can be attributed to the specific nanometer-scale dimensions of the material, which have several impacts: (1) improved ability to accommodate the strain during volume changes caused by lithiation/delithiation. (2) The rate of lithium insertion and removal is increased. The

Intercalation of Si between MoS₂ layers

• Rik van Bremen,
• Qirong Yao,
• Soumya Banerjee,
• Deniz Cakir,
• Nuri Oncel and
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1952–1960, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.196

• structure of the MoS2–silicene–MoS2 hetero-trilayer. The calculated interlayer distance in a pristine MoS2 bilayer is found to be 3.00 Å. Insertion of a silicene monolayer enlarges the interlayer separation between MoS2 layers from 3 Å to 6.52 Å, corresponding to an increase of the interlayer separation of

Fabrication of hierarchically porous TiO₂ nanofibers by microemulsion electrospinning and their application as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

• Jin Zhang,
• Yibing Cai,
• Xuebin Hou,
• Xiaofei Song,
• Pengfei Lv,
• Huimin Zhou and
• Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1297–1306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.131

• B2 (b) and sample C2 (c) at a current density of 40 mA·g−1. It is apparent that all the charge or discharge profiles were similar, thus implying that the processes of lithium insertion or extraction were the same. There were obvious voltage plateaus in all discharge curves at around 1.72 V and charge

Triptycene-terminated thiolate and selenolate monolayers on Au(111)

• Jinxuan Liu,
• Martin Kind,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Daniel Käfer,
• Stefanie Winkler,
• Wenhua Zhang,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 892–905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.91

• selenolate with its stronger bond to gold [7][22][23][24][25] might open an opportunity to increase the temperature range for liquid epitaxy of MOFs. The insertion of a methylene spacer group between the anchor group and aromatic moieties has been reported to improve the structural quality of, e.g

• bond, as has been found in many studies on analogous thiolate and selenolate SAMs [8][22][23][24][25]. Insertion of a methylene spacer group into the triptycene-based SAMs even has a greater stabilizing effect than the one caused by exchanging the sulfur with the selenium anchor group: The desorption

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• electron–hole pairs. Additionally, the NPs result in a large volume expansion during the Li insertion–extraction process in LIB applications which hamper their use in applications such as energy storage, sensing, advanced catalysis, solar cells, diodes and also in biometrics. Thus, strongly coupled

• insertion and extraction process, which results in decreased cyclability and rate capabilities [27]. These drawbacks can be overcome by the incorporation of graphene with TMO. As mentioned above, graphene has a relatively large capacity, much higher than commercial graphite. The high conductivity and large

• surface area of graphene help to maintain the mechanical strength of the hybrid during the Li insertion and extraction process. Graphene is used as a supercapacitor because of its unique properties, such as high surface area, excellent flexibility, chemical inertness and good electrical conductivity [28

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

• Chao Yan,
• Qianru Liu,
• Jianzhi Gao,
• Zhibo Yang and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

• cracking and pulverization of electrodes during Li-ion insertion and extraction [6]. Numerous results have proven that fabricating nanostructured Si-based anode materials could effectively accommodate the severe volume changes during cycling [7][8]. Lu et al. developed an architecture of flexible silicon

• structure. From Figure 2b, it can be seen that the thickness of the Si layer was about 150 nm, and the Si shell was composed of small Si columns with significant free space, which is beneficial to accommodate the large volume changes during Li-ion insertion and extraction. The high-resolution TEM image

• shown in Figure 2c provides direct evidence for the amorphous nature of the Si layer. Li-ions diffuse much faster in amorphous than in crystalline materials. The degradation of the Si anode caused by Li-ion insertion and extraction could also be suppressed in amorphous structures since the volume

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• its low band gap and large optical absorption [20][21] in the visible and IR spectral range. This material has also encouraged theoretical studies due to its peculiarities related to the hydrogen insertion. In the case of TiO2 nanoparticles, hydrogen induces the amorphization of a layer at the surface

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

• Dessislava Kostadinova,
• Ana Cenacchi Pereira,
• Muriel Lansalot,
• Franck D’Agosto,
• Elodie Bourgeat-Lami,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Christine Taviot-Guého,
• Sylvian Cadars and
• Vanessa Prevot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2000–2012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.191

• interaction with the LDH and BA units to investigate the effect of the insertion of butyl hydrophobic units on the hybrid LDH material structure (Figure 1). In using AA as hydrophilic monomer, a macroRAFT polymer containing 49 AA units was obtained (Mn = 3800 g mol−1; Ð = 1.18). During the copolymerization of

Effect of nanostructured carbon coatings on the electrochemical performance of Li_1.4Ni_0.5Mn_0.5O_2+x-based cathode materials

• Konstantin A. Kurilenko,
• Oleg A. Shlyakhtin,
• Oleg A. Brylev,
• Dmitry I. Petukhov and
• Alexey V. Garshev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1960–1970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.187

• 3.85 V at the 15th cycle). This fact confirms a poorer reversibility of lithium insertion/extraction into the pure Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x. The electrokinetic properties of LNM/C nanocomposite obtained by the pyrolysis of linear PVA are significantly better than the ones of the corresponding composite

• oxidation of the electrolyte upon cycling. Electrochemical impedance (EI) measurements were performed to investigate the details of the lithium insertion-extraction processes in LNM/C nanocomposite cathodes (Figure 5A–D). All the plots are mainly composed of a small intercept at high frequencies, a

• dehydration of this polymer, the formation of C=C double bonds is much less probable. Conclusion The various properties of carbonaceous nanocoatings affect both the kinetics of lithium insertion–extraction and the electrochemical properties of LNM/C composites. The presence of carbon results in a decrease of

Low temperature co-fired ceramic packaging of CMOS capacitive sensor chip towards cell viability monitoring

• Niina Halonen,
• Joni Kilpijärvi,
• Maciej Sobocinski,
• Timir Datta-Chaudhuri,
• Antti Hassinen,
• Someshekar B. Prakash,
• Peter Möller,
• Pamela Abshire,
• Sakari Kellokumpu and
• Anita Lloyd Spetz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1871–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.179

• sacrificial carbon tape (C12, Advanced Technologies). The intention was to attach suitable tubes between the fluidic channels and a reservoir and to use, for example, a peristaltic pump to transport the liquid to the sensor chip. The packaged chip was connected, using a zero insertion force (ZIF) connector

Thickness-modulated tungsten–carbon superconducting nanostructures grown by focused ion beam induced deposition for vortex pinning up to high magnetic fields

• Ismael García Serrano,
• Javier Sesé,
• Isabel Guillamón,
• Hermann Suderow,
• Sebastián Vieira,
• Manuel Ricardo Ibarra and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1698–1708, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.162

• ] and insertion of structural defects [35][37][43] are other common pinning strategies. The use of a focused ion beam (FIB) for enhanced vortex pinning through local removal of the superconducting material has been explored as well [40][42][46][47][48]. In contrast to our approach followed here, such

Enhanced detection of nitrogen dioxide via combined heating and pulsed UV operation of indium oxide nano-octahedra

• Oriol Gonzalez,
• Sergio Roso,
• Xavier Vilanova and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1507–1518, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.144

• cleaned before their insertion in the CVD reactor by three consecutive, five minutes long steps of sonication in acetone, ethanol and deionized water, respectively. Finally cleaned substrates were dried using a flow of pure dry air. In a typical synthesis, 0.3 g of high purity In metal powder (99.99% pure

An efficient recyclable magnetic material for the selective removal of organic pollutants

• Clément Monteil,
• Nathalie Bar,
• Agnès Bee and
• Didier Villemin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1447–1453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.136

• atomic absorption spectroscopy in the supernatant. The decreasing of effectiveness is already under study. Conclusion The modulation of positive and negative charges of phosphonated polyethylenimine, through the controlled insertion of phosphonate groups on polyethylenimine, can be considered as an

Microwave synthesis of high-quality and uniform 4 nm ZnFe₂O₄ nanocrystals for application in energy storage and nanomagnetics

• Christian Suchomski,
• Ben Breitung,
• Ralf Witte,
• Michael Knapp,
• Sondes Bauer,
• Tilo Baumbach,
• Christian Reitz and
• Torsten Brezesinski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1350–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.126

• -size particles can better accommodate the strain from the Li insertion, nanocrystallinity seems to be playing the key role to achieving “good” charge storage characteristics or, in other words, high performance. Various synthetic methods to produce single-phase spinel ferrite nanoparticles have been

• numbers in the first cycle differential capacity plot in Figure 8b) occur depending upon the potential, which is consistent with findings of others [54][55][56]. According to their study, the weak peak (I) at around 1.45 V can be assigned to the reversible insertion of ≈0.4 Li per f.u., while the shoulder

Improved lithium-ion battery anode capacity with a network of easily fabricated spindle-like carbon nanofibers

• Mengting Liu,
• Wenhe Xie,
• Lili Gu,
• Tianfeng Qin,
• Xiaoyi Hou and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1289–1295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.120

• conversion potential and small voltage hysteresis [8][12][13]. However, as a typical perovskite semiconductor, MnO usually suffers inherently poor conductivity and severe volume change during Li+ insertion/extraction, which can seriously lead to capacity fading and further limit its application [4][5][8

• , and the robust beaded nanofiber network with structural endurance that effectively alleviates the volume change of the electrode during lithium insertion–extraction. Conclusion A novel beaded nanofiber carbon network anchored with MnO and N was fabricated via a synthesis route of electrospinning

Reconstitution of the membrane protein OmpF into biomimetic block copolymer–phospholipid hybrid membranes

• Matthias Bieligmeyer,
• Franjo Artukovic,
• Stephan Nussberger,
• Thomas Hirth,
• Thomas Schiestel and
• Michaela Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 881–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.80

• ., detergents, oligosaccharides or enzymes on polymer–lipid miscibility and membrane stability has been analyzed [45]. Although the insertion and distribution of OmpF and the potassium channel MloK1 in lipopolymer films has been studied, the functionality of both proteins in a lipopolymer environment has not

• (Figure 5A). Current recordings taken at a low membrane potential of 50 mV or 60 mV showed characteristic steps of current increase reflecting the insertion of OmpF into all membranes, independent of the molecular weight of the PIPEO present. At higher voltages, in particular above 100 mV, gating in the

• transmembrane current was observed for all lipopolymer membranes (Figure 5B). This was attributed to reversible closing and opening of individual channels of OmpF [60][61][62]. A total of 31 insertion events revealed an average conductance level of OmpF in the membranes of about 2.1 nS to 2.3 nS at low membrane

Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX

• Rina Kumari,
• Sumit Singh,
• Mohan Monisha,
• Sourav Bhowmick,
• Anindya Roy,
• Neeladri Das and
• Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 697–707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.62

• covalent conjugation of triptycene derivatives with any biomolecules has not yet been reported. Using the functionalization of tryptycene with DNA, the construction of tailorable porous structures is envisioned here. The insertion of synthetic molecules into DNA could alter the assembly outcome as well as

Novel roles for well-known players: from tobacco mosaic virus pests to enzymatically active assemblies

• Claudia Koch,
• Fabian J. Eber,
• Carlos Azucena,
• Alexander Förste,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Alexander M. Bittner,
• Holger Jeske,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Fania C. Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 613–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.54

• shown as a black line. Assembly of TMV starts with insertion of the RNA origin of assembly (OAs)-loop into the central hole of a protein disk, resulting in its conformational change into a helical “lockwasher” and the formation of an RNA “traveling loop” (indicated with arrow) and integration of the