Direct observation of the Si(110)-(16×2) surface reconstruction by atomic force microscopy

• Tatsuya Yamamoto,
• Ryo Izumi,
• Kazushi Miki,
• Takahiro Yamasaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1750–1756, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.157

• ) Phase A shows an actual phase relationship of the 16×2 reconstruction. (b) In phase B, pentagon pairs on the lower terrace are shifted by a half cycle (16×1) along the zig-zag row. Acknowledgements A part of this study was supported by NIMS Nanofabrication Platform in Nanotechnology Platform Project

Imaging and milling resolution of light ion beams from helium ion microscopy and FIBs driven by liquid metal alloy ion sources

• Nico Klingner,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Paul Mazarov,
• Wolfgang Pilz,
• Fabian Meyer and
• Lothar Bischoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1742–1749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.156

• In modern nanotechnology, focused ion beam (FIB) techniques are well-established for nanoscale structuring, local surface modification, doping, prototyping, as well as for ion beam analysis. One of the main components of such a FIB system is the ion source providing the needed ion species [1

Functional nanostructures for electronics, spintronics and sensors

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1704–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.152

• ; Nanotechnology and functional nanostructures, exciting trends of the 21st century, are topics that have penetrated and influenced nearly all areas of human activity: from microelectronics to biology, from aerospace to medicine, from agriculture to novel materials engineering. One of the areas of nanoscience and

• nanotechnology that is developing especially rapidly is research on functional nanostructures for targeted applications. One of the most important and promising of these targeted applications are superconducting spintronic nanostructures for supercomputers of novel, “post-Moore” generation. The exponential

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

• Serguei Chiriaev,
• Luciana Tavares,
• Vadzim Adashkevich,
• Arkadiusz J. Goszczak and
• Horst-Günter Rubahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1693–1703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.151

• been directed by their diverse applications in micro- and nanotechnology and by the high susceptibility of their structure to ion irradiation [5]. Another important aspect is that the chosen materials are different in their chemical structure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties. This is

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• cardiomyocytes. However, most of these studies still use adeno-associated viral vectors which can be a potential infection risk. Therefore, safety measures should always be considered during their usage [3]. Recently, a nanotechnology-based non-viral vector system with the potential to overcome many limitations

• . Discussion The development of gene therapy is essential for generating new treatment options for cardiovascular disease. We focused on safe non-viral vectors using nanotechnology. Although nanoparticle-based gene-transfection methods have been proposed for gene delivery into target cells and tissues, there

Selective detection of complex gas mixtures using point contacts: concept, method and tools

• Alexander P. Pospelov,
• Victor I. Belan,
• Dmytro O. Harbuz,
• Volodymyr L. Vakula,
• Lyudmila V. Kamarchuk,
• Yuliya V. Volkova and
• Gennadii V. Kamarchuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1631–1643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.146

• study clearly demonstrate the indisputable advantages of using nanotechnology in the field of sensor technology to develop and improve environmental-monitoring tools. The level at which the components of the analyzed complex gaseous medium were identified and the sensitivity of this detection

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• oxide [1][2]. With the recent advancements in nanotechnology, this unique phenomenon received more attention since it can be used to generate nanoporous materials which are applicable in many areas, including drug delivery, biotechnology and sensor development. The interest in nanoporous materials

Electrokinetic characterization of synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Daniel F. Quevedo,
• Cody J. Lentz,
• Adriana Coll de Peña,
• Yazmin Hernandez,
• Nahal Habibi,
• Rikako Miki,
• Joerg Lahann and
• Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1556–1567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.138

• immobilization to industrial processes [1][2]. The development of nanoparticles composed primarily of proteins has been an emerging sector in nanotechnology [3]. Proteins have multiple desirable characteristics that enable them to be used as the main component of nanoparticles. Proteins are biodegradable

Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas

• Monika Fleischer,
• Dai Zhang and
• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1542–1545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.136

• optics for a new class of quantum devices [37]. The concept, realization and prospective applications of such optically and electrically driven antennas are explored in the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology Thematic Issue, “Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas”. In most applications for

Design of V-shaped cantilevers for enhanced multifrequency AFM measurements

• Mehrnoosh Damircheli and
• Babak Eslami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1525–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.135

• ; Introduction Since the invention of atomic force microscopy (AFM), different techniques have been introduced into the field to enhance and improve this nanotechnology equipment. In 2004, multifrequency AFM was introduced as a technique that can capture both topographical and material composition in a single

Antimicrobial metal-based nanoparticles: a review on their synthesis, types and antimicrobial action

• Matías Guerrero Correa,
• Fernanda B. Martínez,
• Cristian Patiño Vidal,
• Camilo Streitt,
• Juan Escrig and
• Carol Lopez de Dicastillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1450–1469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.129

• Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), 9170124 Santiago, Chile Department of Physics, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Ecuador 3493, 9170124 Santiago, Chile 10.3762/bjnano.11.129 Abstract The investigation of novel nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity has grown in recent years due to the increased incidence

• medical field the microbial agents are important for reducing the risk of contamination in invasive and routine interventions, and in the textile industry, they can limit the growth of microorganisms due to sweat. The combination of nanotechnology with materials that have an intrinsic antimicrobial

• ]. With the advance of nanotechnology, the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has also increased, including strains that are resistant to more than 100 different types of antibiotics [75]. This problem, in addition to the environmental concerns, has inspired many researchers to develop ecologically

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• Owen C. Ernst Felix Lange David Uebel Thomas Teubner Torsten Boeck Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.121 Abstract The dewetting process is crucial for several applications in nanotechnology. Even though not all dewetting phenomena

Atomic defect classification of the H–Si(100) surface through multi-mode scanning probe microscopy

• Jeremiah Croshaw,
• Thomas Dienel,
• Taleana Huff and
• Robert Wolkow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1346–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.119

• Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2M9, Canada 10.3762/bjnano.11.119 Abstract The combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) allows enhanced extraction and correlation of properties not readily

Revealing the local crystallinity of single silicon core–shell nanowires using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Marius van den Berg,
• Ardeshir Moeinian,
• Arne Kobald,
• Yu-Ting Chen,
• Anke Horneber,
• Steffen Strehle,
• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1147–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.99

• & Analytics (LISA+), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, Germany Institute of Electronic Devices and Circuits, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 45, Ulm, Germany Institute of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Max-Planck-Ring 12, Ilmenau

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• shapes are the most widely studied nanomaterial for the photothermal ablation of bacteria and biofilms. This may be explained by the fact that some of these gold nanoparticles are commercially available and are also widely applied in other fields of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. Therefore, the

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are highly toxic [4][5]. Recently, research in the field of nanotechnology has focused on trying to find solutions for some of the most serious environmental issues, such as energy conversion, and for the optimization of biomedical applications. Their small size, shape variability

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• anticipated to revolutionize current therapies [1]. The entire nanotechnology/nanomaterials branch is still very young but has rapidly expanded due to the many exploitable characteristics that nanomaterials have [2]. However, after decades of utilization, their effects are becoming transparent, and many of

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• ; intercalation compounds; layered double hydroxides (LDHs); layered materials; 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); plant-growth regulators; Introduction Increasing food production in line with environmental preservation is a challenge to agricultural innovation. With regard to this, nanotechnology enables the

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• be constant across the stretching surface. T∞ and C∞ denote ambient temperature and the associated nanoparticle fraction where Tw > T∞ and Cw > C∞. This physical model has significant applications in modern nanotechnology and thermal manufacturing in various industries. Conservation of mass equation

Microwave photon detection by an Al Josephson junction

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton A. Yablokov,
• Igor V. Rakut,
• Victor O. Zbrozhek and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 960–965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.80

• bias current. Dashed lines indicate slopes with exponential factors 1, 2 and 3. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank M. Tarasov for the help in the sample fabrication and G. N. Gol’tsman for discussions and critical comments. The samples were fabricated in the Chalmers Nanotechnology Center and

Measurement of electrostatic tip–sample interactions by time-domain Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Christian Ritz,
• Tino Wagner and
• Andreas Stemmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 911–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.76

• Christian Ritz Tino Wagner Andreas Stemmer Nanotechnology Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland present address: Zurich Instruments AG, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zürich, Switzerland 10.3762/bjnano.11.76 Abstract Kelvin probe force microscopy is a scanning probe

Band tail state related photoluminescence and photoresponse of ZnMgO solid solution nanostructured films

• Vadim Morari,
• Aida Pantazi,
• Nicolai Curmei,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Emil V. Rusu,
• Marius Enachescu,
• Ion M. Tiginyanu and
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 899–910, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.75

• Vadim Morari Aida Pantazi Nicolai Curmei Vitalie Postolache Emil V. Rusu Marius Enachescu Ion M. Tiginyanu Veaceslav V. Ursaki D.Ghitu Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies, Chisinau MD-2028, Republic of Moldova Center for Surface Science and NanoTechnology, University

Transition from freestanding SnO₂ nanowires to laterally aligned nanowires with a simulation-based experimental design

• Jasmin-Clara Bürger,
• Sebastian Gutsch and
• Margit Zacharias

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 843–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.69

• Jasmin-Clara Burger Sebastian Gutsch Margit Zacharias Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.69 Abstract In this study, we used simulations as a guide for

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine

• K. Priya Madhuri,
• Abhay A. Sagade,
• Pralay K. Santra and
• Neena S. John

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 814–820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.66

• K. Priya Madhuri Abhay A. Sagade Pralay K. Santra Neena S. John Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru 560 013, India Laboratory for Advanced Nanoelectronic Devices, Sir C. V. Raman Research Park, Department of Physics & Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and

Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach

• Edgar Cruz Valeriano,
• José Juan Gervacio Arciniega,
• Christian Iván Enriquez Flores,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Joel Moreno Palmerin,
• Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde,
• Yuri Lizbeth Chipatecua Godoy,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta,
• Rafael Ramírez Bon and
• José Martín Yañez Limón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 703–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.58

• nanotechnology [3] because it offers a non-destructive alternative for measuring mechanical properties at the nanoscale using the small size of the cantilever tip with a radius of 5–50 nm. There are two kinds of conventional AFM methods for the measurement of mechanical properties [4][5], i.e., the measurement