Directional light beams by design from electrically driven elliptical slit antennas

• Shuiyan Cao,
• Eric Le Moal,
• Quanbo Jiang,
• Aurélien Drezet,
• Serge Huant,
• Jean-Paul Hugonin,
• Gérald Dujardin and
• Elizabeth Boer-Duchemin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2361–2371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.221

• , miniaturized electrical light sources are needed for chip-to-chip communication and optical interactions with the surrounding environment (e.g., for remote control, external communication or sensing applications). A number of electrically driven emitting optical antennas have been described in the recent

Block copolymers for designing nanostructured porous coatings

• Roberto Nisticò

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2332–2344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.218

• , membrane separation, and sensing. In recent years, there has been great interest regarding the synthesis of isoporous and well-ordered (in)organic coatings for the production of highly selective functional membranes. Among the different strategies that have been proposed to date for preparing these porous

• -assembly; Review Introduction Porous materials have received much attention because they can be successfully applied in many fields, such as nanotechnology, membrane separation, microfluidics and nanofluidics, sensing, catalysis, and biomedicine [1][2][3][4][5]. The manufacture of well-ordered devices at

• (taking PS-b-PEO as a model BC) in terms of self-assembly and templating action were highlighted, encouraging their use in important fields of research, such as in sensing, dosing, and separation processes. In this context, it is important to point out that membranes already find commercial application in

Metal–dielectric hybrid nanoantennas for efficient frequency conversion at the anapole mode

• Valerio F. Gili,
• Lavinia Ghirardini,
• Davide Rocco,
• Giuseppe Marino,
• Ivan Favero,
• Iännis Roland,
• Giovanni Pellegrini,
• Lamberto Duò,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Luca Carletti,
• Andrea Locatelli,
• Aristide Lemaître,
• Dragomir Neshev,
• Costantino De Angelis,
• Giuseppe Leo and
• Michele Celebrano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2306–2314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.215

• reveal the possibility to achieve tuneable metamixers and higher resolution in nonlinear sensing and spectroscopy, by means of improved both pump coupling and emission efficiency due to the excitation of the anapole mode enhanced by the plasmonic nanoantenna. Keywords: nanophotonics; nonlinear optics

• properties of molecules at liquid–liquid interfaces [7]. The ability to downscale nonlinear optical processes, such as SHG, in extremely confined spatial regions opens many fascinating opportunities in light manipulation and multiplexing [8] as well as in optical sensing and spectroscopy [9][10]. Yet, to

• nanostructures. The possibility to effectively enhance SHG using the anapole mode field distribution boosted by a plasmonic nanoantenna opens up new avenues for nonlinear sensing, spectroscopy as well as frequency down-conversion and nonlinear multiplexing at the nanoscale [8]. Experimental Sample fabrication

Optimization of the optical coupling in nanowire-based integrated photonic platforms by FDTD simulation

• Nan Guan,
• Andrey Babichev,
• Martin Foldyna,
• Dmitry Denisov,
• François H. Julien and
• Maria Tchernycheva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2248–2254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.209

• and non-photonic elements are highly desired for various applications in bio- or chemical sensing [23][24][25][26][27] or in optogenetics. For example, NWs can play the role of active elements to generate or detect the visible light on a microfluidic chip. These potential applications have motivated

• source–waveguide–photodetector platform is the main building block of future multifunctional integrated photonic systems for photonic and sensing applications. (a) Schematic illustration of the platform geometry used for the FDTD simulations. The platform consists of a NW LED, waveguide and NW

Dumbbell gold nanoparticle dimer antennas with advanced optical properties

• Janning F. Herrmann and
• Christiane Höppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2188–2197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.205

• antenna concept to the field of optics has opened up new routes to manipulate light on the nanometer scale [1][2][3][4][5]. For more than a decade, optical antennas have demonstrated a tremendous impact on a broad spectrum of applications [6][7][8][9]. A key function, in particular for sensing and imaging

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• , Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia 10.3762/bjnano.9.202 Abstract Electrospun one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures are rapidly emerging as key enabling components in gas sensing due to their unique electrical, optical, magnetic, thermal, mechanical and chemical properties. 1D nanostructures have found

• important active materials for gas sensing applications. Such highly sensitive and selective elements can be embedded in sensor nodes for internet-of-things applications or in mobile systems for continuous monitoring of air pollutants and greenhouse gases as well as for monitoring the well-being and health

• in everyday life. Herein, we review recent developments of gas sensors based on electrospun 1D nanostructures in different sensing platforms, including optical, conductometric and acoustic resonators. After explaining the principle of electrospinning, we classify sensors based on the type of

Light–Matter interactions on the nanoscale

• Mohsen Rahmani and
• Chennupati Jagadish

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2125–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.201

• , including emission, detection, amplification and control of light. Photonics offers a wide range of applications in different areas ranging from sensing and imaging, to solar cells and optical communication [1]. It is no surprise that many consider photonics to be the technology revolution of the 21st

• of applications, including sensing and optical tuning, dispersion engineering and polarization manipulation [14]. Recently, it has been demonstrated that light–matter interactions at the nanoscale can even be induced via sub-nanometer materials [15][16], for example, graphene [17]. The interaction of

High-throughput synthesis of modified Fresnel zone plate arrays via ion beam lithography

• Kahraman Keskinbora,
• Umut Tunca Sanli,
• Margarita Baluktsian,
• Corinne Grévent,
• Markus Weigand and
• Gisela Schütz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2049–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.194

• that relatively large areas can be decorated with nanostructured devices via IBL by using multipurpose SEM/FIB instruments with potential applications in FEL focusing, extreme UV and soft X-ray lithography and as wavefront sensing devices for beam diagnostics. Keywords: extreme ultraviolet (EUV

• applied to the fabrication of a large array of 64 FZPs in an overnight process. Such arrays of FZPs are proposed as expendable, cheap and high-resolution FZPs for FEL experiments, for lithography applications or wavefront sensing and beam diagnostic applications. Experimental Fabrication and SEM/STEM

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• nanostructure. The creation of active sites for interaction is a key step for obtaining an optimal working catalyst as well as for sensing foreign species [29][30][31]. These sites enable the dissociation of molecules and the formation of bonds with the products, for example in the molecular adsorption of

Self-assembled quasi-hexagonal arrays of gold nanoparticles with small gaps for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Emre Gürdal,
• Simon Dickreuter,
• Fatima Noureddine,
• Pascal Bieschke,
• Dieter P. Kern and
• Monika Fleischer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1977–1985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.188

• remarkable optical properties make them attractive for applications in biosensing, biomedical science and as optical antennas [6][7][8]. In particular, metal nanoparticles can be employed to strongly enhance the signal intensity in chemically specific Raman sensing [9]. This technique is known as surface

• particularly suitable for sensing applications, for example for SERS as it was shown here. Conclusion In conclusion, we describe a cost-effective, scalable, parallel method for the fabrication of quasi-hexagonally ordered arrays of nanoparticles with particle sizes up to 120 nm and gap sizes down to few

Electromigrated electrical optical antennas for transducing electrons and photons at the nanoscale

• Arindam Dasgupta,
• Mickaël Buret,
• Nicolas Cazier,
• Marie-Maxime Mennemanteuil,
• Reinaldo Chacon,
• Kamal Hammani,
• Jean-Claude Weeber,
• Juan Arocas,
• Laurent Markey,
• Gérard Colas des Francs,
• Alexander Uskov,
• Igor Smetanin and
• Alexandre Bouhelier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1964–1976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.187

• transmission line with broadband spectral characteristics. This asset may help at increasing the bandwidth via wavelength-division multiplexing. Integrated broadband sources are also utilized in photonic sensing chips [57] or to command non-classical secondary photon sources [58]. There is thus a demand for

Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition

• Irini Michelakaki,
• Nikos Boukos,
• Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis,
• Spyros Stathopoulos,
• Costas A. Charitidis and
• Dimitris Tsoukalas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1868–1880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.179

• many areas of nanoscience. Metal NPs and nanoparticles thin films (NTFs) with optimized morphology and structure have attracted significant interest in numerous research areas including catalysis [1][2], sensing [3][4], optics [5][6], data storage [7][8] and biotechnology [9][10]. In many applications

Free-radical gases on two-dimensional transition-metal disulfides (XS₂, X = Mo/W): robust half-metallicity for efficient nitrogen oxide sensors

• Chunmei Zhang,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Fengxian Ma,
• Sri Kasi Matta,
• Steven Bottle and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1641–1646, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.156

• ]. Besides, the corresponding binding position and energy of NO adsorbed on single-layer MoS2 [23] and WS2 [28] were analyzed from a theoretical point of view. Even though the gas-sensing properties involving NO and NO2 are well studied, few studies [29] have been carried out to explore the difference in

• spin-polarized gas-sensing between NO and other gas molecules. A completely spin-polarized current flow can be achieved in a half-metallic material [30][31][32][33]. Half-metallic materials exhibit semiconducting behavior in one spin channel and metallic behavior in the opposite spin channel, which

• , GaSe, SnS, SnSe, WSe and Bi2Se3 (Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1). To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to propose a NO sensor by detecting spin transmission, which may probe a new prospect for gas sensing. Computational Methods The spin-polarized calculations for NO, NO2, and

Nanoscale electrochemical response of lithium-ion cathodes: a combined study using C-AFM and SIMS

• Jonathan Op de Beeck,
• Nouha Labyedh,
• Alfonso Sepúlveda,
• Valentina Spampinato,
• Alexis Franquet,
• Thierry Conard,
• Philippe M. Vereecken,
• Wilfried Vandervorst and
• Umberto Celano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1623–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.154

• chemistry, which is an important (missing) piece of information. For this reason, inspired by the work of E. Strelcov et al. [10] on the first-order reversal curve current–voltage (FORC-IV) method on ferroelectrics, we will investigate the fundamentals behind tip-induced sensing in Li-ion cathodes using a

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• sensing of carbohydrates and glycoproteins [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], in separation techniques [12] and in labeling and manipulation of proteins [13][14][15]. In recent years, boronic acid derivatives were applied in the construction of functional materials, i.e., stimuli-responsive devices and carriers for

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

• Silvia Rizzato,
• Elisabetta Primiceri,
• Anna Grazia Monteduro,
• Adriano Colombelli,
• Angelo Leo,
• Maria Grazia Manera,
• Roberto Rella and
• Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

• -area nanostructure arrays with controlled size and shape for application in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing and magnonics. Experimental Materials Glass substrates (3.5 × 2.5 cm2) were obtained from Electro Optical Technologies. Polystyrene spheres with diameter of 80 ± 7 nm (sulfate

• presence of larger nanoparticles (e.g. ≈80 nm) [34]. Another critical parameter affecting both the sensitivity and the electromagnetic field distribution around plasmonic nanostructures is the interparticle spacing. Higher wavelength sensitivity and larger sensing volume have been theoretically and

•  5c. Evidently, these structures can find application in complementary fields of sensing applications, depending on the functional aspects to be investigated. A very good accordance with the expected theoretical results is demonstrated for both sets of nanostructures arrays, revealing that a

Solid-state Stern–Gerlach spin splitter for magnetic field sensing, spintronics, and quantum computing

• Kristofer Björnson and
• Annica M. Black-Schaffer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1558–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.147

Cathodoluminescence as a probe of the optical properties of resonant apertures in a metallic film

• Kalpana Singh,
• Evgeniy Panchenko,
• Babak Nasr,
• Amelia Liu,
• Lukas Wesemann,
• Timothy J. Davis and
• Ann Roberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1491–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.140

• including the thickness of the metal film [13]. Other than the excitations discussed above, sharp Fano resonances arising from the interference of two modes [14] have promising applications in sensing, switching and lasing. These resonances have been investigated in various structures such as thin film

• dots for applications ranging from sensing through to new types of displays. Scanning electron micrographs aperture structures with dimensions defined in (a). Fabricated slot trimer structures with (b) L = 95 nm, W = 34 nm and S = 60 nm, and (c) L = 150 nm, W = 40 and S = 100 nm. (a) CL spectra

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• ., atomic emission spectrometer, atomic absorption spectrometer, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer) are only of limited use for on-site applications [6]. Thus, the development of a convenient but highly sensitive and selective sensing method for Cu2+ with improved practicality is urgently needed

• samples [13][14]. However, the use of gold and/or platinum limits the affordability of sensing probe. As exemplified in this work, cost-effective silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) having specifically modified ligands for detecting lower concentrations of Cu2+ offer a more portable and practical approach. In a

• colorimetric detection. Consequently, the Cu2+-sensing ability of the functionalized AgNPs under increasingly acidic or alkaline conditions was investigated. The casein peptides led to AgNP aggregation under acidic conditions (0.1–0.6 mM HCl). However, alkaline conditions (0.1–0.6 mM NaOH) provided additional

Circular dichroism of chiral Majorana states

• Javier Osca and
• Llorenç Serra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1194–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.110

• achieve a combined signal of sufficient intensity. Alternatively, techniques such as those developed for single plasmonic nanoparticle sensing [28] might be applied to an isolated chiral Majorana device. Particularly, among the latter we stress the techniques for single-particle absorption that have

Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays

• Anulekha De,
• Sucheta Mondal,
• Sourav Sahoo,
• Saswati Barman,
• Yoshichika Otani,
• Rajib Kumar Mitra and
• Anjan Barman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1123–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.104

• , memory, logic, communications and sensing devices. Here, we report experimental and numerical investigation of ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a new type of antidot lattice in the form of triangular-shaped Ni80Fe20 antidots arranged in a hexagonal array. Time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect and

Room-temperature single-photon emitters in titanium dioxide optical defects

• Kelvin Chung,
• Yu H. Leung,
• Chap H. To,
• Aleksandra B. Djurišić and
• Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1085–1094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.100

• ][21]. TiO2 can be fabricated using many methods resulting in an abundance of nanostructures [22]. In nanoparticle form, TiO2 is a constituent of sunscreens [23][24]. Other applications also include elimination of environmental pollution [25][26][27][28], and energy [29] and sensing applications [30

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• lightness, and they can provide useful properties (e.g., self-healing, self-cleaning, anti-freezing, and antibacterial) and can function as reinforcing materials for construction or sensing components for safety. Notwithstanding the other possible benefits, simply taking advantage of the beneficial size and

• in rats [62]. Dust particles on Mars can damage the solar panels of the exploration robots via accumulation and affects the power source for sensing, communication, and locomotion [63]. Astronauts who are frequently on longer space missions have prolonged exposure to cosmic dust with an increased

Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Federico Venturi,
• Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
• Amir H. Tavabi,
• Alberto Rota,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
• Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

• magnetic sensing [5]. A new concept of fast memory, which is referred to as racetrack memory, has been proposed, based on the motion of domain walls along a nanowire (NW) subject to current pulses or external magnetic fields [6]. The strong research interest in such new types of memories is based on their

Automated image segmentation-assisted flattening of atomic force microscopy images

• Yuliang Wang,
• Tongda Lu,
• Xiaolai Li and
• Huimin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.91

• unavoidably influenced by the mechanical drift between the two stages (Figure 1b). Using the visual sensing approach, Wang et al. demonstrated that the vertical drift between the two stages can be up to 600 nm within a 30 min time period [21]. Therefore, mechanical drift becomes a major source of artifacts