Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• high photocatalytic activity [10]. However, Yu et al. demonstrated that an appropriate proportion of exposed (001) and (101) crystal faces, which forms a “surface heterojunction”, facilitates the separation of photo-generated carriers [8]. Consequently, this improves the photocatalytic performance

• photosensitization of MoS2 and the stable interface between the two phases could promote the transfer of electrons from MoS2 to (001)-TiO2 and enhance its visible-light response [16]. It was also demonstrated that Au nanoparticles deposited on the surface of (001)-TiO2 particles could promote the separation of photo

• °C, as shown by the TEM images (Figure 2). In addition, the S-doped samples prepared at 250 °C have a larger pore size, which is beneficial for adsorption of the pollutant molecules. PL measurements are effective to examine the separation efficiency and recombination processes of photo-generated

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• effective attractive interactions can operate in water and organic solvents. For example, such interactions are responsible for the partition and segregation of F-alkyl chains, on which “fluorous” technologies are based that are used in many synthesis and separation processes [40]. However, studies of such

• phase separation in fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon mixtures [45][46]. These results tell us that the dendronized IONPs fitted with a C2F5 group have a higher affinity for the phospholipid film than those grafted with C2H5. Conclusion We report that small and highly stable magnetic MBs incorporating IONPs in

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• steps and possible need for neutralization), the downsides of alkali hydroxides are long known – difficulties in separation of the K+/Na+ traces from the product, higher catalyst consumption compared to the solid ones and low reusability [7]. On the other hand, the reported solid catalysts can

• potentially resolve issues associated with catalysts used in the homogeneous process, that is, they can be prepared with a desired particle size for separation needs and can be reused. The main drawbacks are their lower activity compared to the catalysts used in homogeneous solutions (often associated with

• the context of biodiesel production via the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol, the challenge is to prepare a catalyst possessing the following characteristics: i) large particle size for convenient separation, ii) accessibility of the active sites for reactants, iii) minimized

Nanostructured and oriented metal–organic framework films enabling extreme surface wetting properties

• Andre Mähringer,
• Julian M. Rotter and
• Dana D. Medina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1994–2003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.196

• ][41][42][43][44][45]. Thereby, they are attractive synthesis targets for a large variety of applications, including gas storage and separation, chemical sensing, thermoelectrics, capacitors, transistors or photovoltaics [46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Due to their exceptional variety of structural

• demonstrate that on-surface alteration of the MOF film morphology by versatile solution-based bottom-up methods such as VAC is a powerful tool for realizing the potential of MOFs in surface-based technologies such as oil–water separation systems, antioil coatings, or self-cleaning surfaces. Furthermore, the

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• delivery, biosensing, chemical separation, nanoscale reactors, and catalysis [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. While these examples represent a vast array of potential applications using nanocapsules, one particularly interesting application involves the use of NIR-responsive metal nanoparticles to

• , chemical separation, and catalysis [52][53][54][55][56]. These materials owe their technological importance to thermally induced structural changes [55]; for example, aqueous hydrogel solutions undergo volume transitions dependent upon their chemical or physical environments. This activity can be defined

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• due to the separation of the MNPs by nonmagnetic HSA protein molecules. In particular, this leads to the transition of coated nanoparticles to the paramagnetic state at a lower temperature. The NMR spectra of uncoated, functionalized nanoparticles revealed no changes in the hyperfine parameters of the

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• (Figure 3c) shows 2p1/2 and 2p3/2 at 725.47 eV and 711.78 eV, respectively, with the doublet separation of 13.69 eV. There are two typical satellite peaks at 719.00 eV and 732.02 eV, indicating the Fe3+ oxidation state [28][29]. The O 1s spectrum (Figure 3d) shows three peaks at 532.48 eV, 531.43 eV, and

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• constructed from metallic nodes and organic linkers, have been a major breakthrough in chemistry in the last decades [1][2]. Because of their immense structural and functional possibilities, this class of hybrid materials finds several applications in, for example, gas storage and separation, sensing or

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• separation in the SiGe nanoparticles due to Ge segregation [34][35] at higher temperatures (i.e., Ge-rich SiGe core), which leaves a crystalline Si shell. A similar GIXRD diffractogram was observed by Tuğay et al. [6], for a comparable structure composed of SiGe NCs embedded in a SiO2 matrix fabricated via

Long-term entrapment and temperature-controlled-release of SF₆ gas in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

• Hana Bunzen,
• Andreas Kalytta-Mewes,
• Leo van Wüllen and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1851–1859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.180

• that such materials could find potential application in gas storage and separation. Experimental Benzobistriazole was synthetized according to the previously reported procedure [43]. Anhydrous ZnCl2 and DMF were of analytical grade and used as-received from commercial suppliers. SF6 (≥99.995+%) was

Processing nanoporous organic polymers in liquid amines

• Jeehye Byun,
• Damien Thirion and
• Cafer T. Yavuz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1844–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.179

• high porosity, which is beneficial for applications such as gas sorption, gas separation, heterogeneous (photo)catalysis, sensing, and (opto)electronics. However, the network structures are practically insoluble. Thus, the processing of nanoporous polymers into nanoparticles or films remains

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• induced by microwave heating [21] as well as through ligand hydrogenation [22]. The complete removal of alkynes from alkenes is very important in industrial olefin polymerization reactions. Examples are the separation of acetylene from ethylene [22][23] or of phenylacetylene from styrene [24]. The

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• flexible MOFs are being reported and their use in the areas of storage [4], separation [5] and sensing [6] of gases is being evaluated; their structural flexibility and adsorption behavior can be manipulated by applying chemical functionalization to the ligand [7] and metal cluster [8]. However, recent

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• redox peaks with the increase in the current rate. However, the peak separation at a high current rate of 3 C still exhibits pronounced peaks. The excellent rate capability of the Li/S batteries with the TiO2/GO coated separator suggests that the migration of polysulfides has been effectively restrained

• treated with a Li2S6 electrolyte (1.0 M/0.1 M LiTFSI/LiNO3 in DOL and DME (1:1 v/v)) via immersion for 12 h; the Li2S6-treated TiO2/GO material was then obtained after centrifugal separation and vacuum drying. Raman and FTIR studies of the Li2S6-treated TiO2/GO material clearly show the existence of an S

Tuning the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries by modifying the structural defects of the carbon felt electrode

• Ditty Dixon,
• Deepu Joseph Babu,
• Aiswarya Bhaskar,
• Hans-Michael Bruns,
• Joerg J. Schneider,
• Frieder Scheiba and
• Helmut Ehrenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1698–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.165

• out for 40 min at 20% of the maximum power. In the present work a capacitively coupled parallel plate rf plasma was used. The separation between the plate was 10 cm and the samples were always placed on the bottom plate without any further connections. Raman spectroscopy Raman measurements were

Stationary beam full-field transmission helium ion microscopy using sub-50 keV He⁺: Projected images and intensity patterns

• Michael Mousley,
• Santhana Eswara,
• Olivier De Castro,
• Olivier Bouton,
• Nico Klingner,
• Christoph T. Koch,
• Gregor Hlawacek and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1648–1657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.160

• pattern , E) beam focused on sample plane and F) the underfocus spot pattern. The scale bar in D is 5 mrad (0.39 cm for a sample to MCP separation of 78.5 cm) and applies to all images. (The green or black crosses mark the approximate beam focal point, i.e., the beam axis). The grid window is 108 µm wide

Effects of surface charge and boundary slip on time-periodic pressure-driven flow and electrokinetic energy conversion in a nanotube

• Mandula Buren,
• Yongjun Jian,
• Yingchun Zhao,
• Long Chang and
• Quansheng Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1628–1635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.158

• energy conversion in a circular nanotube are studied. To our knowledge, so far no author discussed this problem for the case of a time-periodic flow. Firstly, using the separation of variables method, the energy conversion efficiency and the analytical solutions to the governing equations are obtained

• electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency increases with the frequency when the frequency is larger than 102 MHz; elsewhere the electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency is almost constant. Conclusion In this paper, we apply the separation of variables method to study time-periodic pressure-driven flow and

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

• applications in catalysis [24][25][26], gas sorption/separation [27][28][29] and electrochemical energy storage/conversion. For the latter, porous carbon materials are established as electrode materials in fuel cells [30][31][32][33], Li–S cells [34][35][36][37], and supercapacitors [38]. In addition, these

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• value [29][30], solvents [31][32], temperature [33][34], and photo-irradiation [35][36]. Inverse chiral nanostructures have exhibited their tunable functions in the field of asymmetric catalysts [37][38][39], chiral separation [40][41], and circular polarized luminescence [42][43]. In this case, tunable

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• ideal case, when the CPD reaches the value of STO in the gap between parallel nanowires, this measure adopts 1, and 0 if there is no drop in CPD. The dependence of this value on the TiO nanowire separation (plotted in Figure 4d) provides information on the resolution limit. It follows an asymptotic

• resolution approaches the topography resolution, which is the ultimate physical limit of the FM-KPFM technique [11]. Similar results were obtained for the resolution estimation for KBr nanoislands of monoatomic thickness, where a resolution of 0.5 was obtained for 20 nm separation, as is the case in the

• results, we can set the limit of the smallest separation of oxide nanostructures at 15 nm to obtain any CPD difference. As for the CPD resolution, the estimated value would be below 5 meV, due to the high mechanical stability and good conductivity of both platinum silicide and PtIr-coated tips. Apart from

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• the balance between two competitive interactions, the phase separation of fluorocarbons and hydrocarbons and the attractive interaction between guanidiuium and carboxylate, to fabricate nanoscopic domains within a two-dimensional mixture of hydrocarbon guanidinium and fluorocarbon carboxylic acid [198

• their potential for wide-ranging applications, such as electronics, sensing, catalysis, separation, and energy storage and conversion. However, most reported two-dimensional MOFs and COFs have been synthesised as powders, which are not easily processed into more useful forms due to their nature as cross

• , continuous COF films (several square centimetres). Depending on the monomer concentrations, the film thickness was tuned from 100 µm to a few nanometres. The COF films made from the methods reported by Dey et al. and Matsumoto et al. were separately examined as separation membranes and exhibited high

Unipolar magnetic field pulses as an advantageous tool for ultrafast operations in superconducting Josephson “atoms”

• Daria V. Popolitova,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy and
• Olga V. Tikhonova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1548–1558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.152

• state preparation and control, the characteristic Rabi-period appears to be in the nanosecond range, which is caused by the small energy separation and near-degeneracy of the atomic levels. For this reason an important task is to decrease the time of the operations with meta-atoms (qubits, qutrits

• magnetic field impact. The result is rather different from the data of Figure 2. In contrast to the case when the |φ1⟩→|φ2⟩ transition is blocked now we observe slower population dynamics with the characteristic time determined not by the separation between the qubit levels Δ, but by the period TΩ = 2π/Ω

• separation and near-degeneracy of the spin qubit levels [41]. This performance is limited, on the one hand, by the coherence time (which is no more than 100 μs) and by the inverse frequency of the required transition (which is 0.1–1 GHz), on the other hand. In our method the used unipolar pulse has no

Superconducting switching due to a triplet component in the Pb/Cu/Ni/Cu/Co₂Cr_1−xFe_xAl_y spin-valve structure

• Andrey Andreevich Kamashev,
• Nadir Nurgayazovich Garif’yanov,
• Aidar Azatovich Validov,
• Joachim Schumann,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Yakov Victorovich Fominov and
• Ilgiz Abdulsamatovich Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1458–1463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.144

• = Co2Cr1−xFexAly with a high degree of spin polarization (DSP) of the conduction band and a Ni layer of variable thickness. The separation between the superconducting transition curves measured for the parallel (α = 0°) and perpendicular (α = 90°) orientation of the magnetization of the HA and the Ni

• field-dependent effect observed by two groups on different samples appears to be a salient feature of the new type of SSVs and needs theoretical explanation. Discussion A remarkably large separation of the SC transition curves for the P and the PP orientation of the magnetization of the F1 and the F2

BiOCl/TiO₂/diatomite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

• Minlin Ao,
• Kun Liu,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Zishun Li,
• Qian Peng and
• Jing Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1412–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.139

• mainly from the quick migration of photoelectrons from the conduction band of TiO2/diatomite to the surface of BiOCl, which promotes the separation effect and reduces the recombination rate of the photoelectron–hole pair. Due to the excellent catalytic performance, the BTD composite shows great potential

• –hole separation and transfer, which can significantly improve the photocatalytic activity. Figure 10b shows the transient photocurrent response of the samples irradiated by visible light. The photocurrent is mainly generated by the migration and diffusion of photogenerated electrons and holes from the

• most common methods to study the charge transfer efficiency of materials [49]. Generally, the smaller the radius of curvature in the EIS Nyquist diagram, the greater the charge transfer efficiency, which will effectively promote the photogenerated electron–hole separation. As shown in the EIS Nyquist