Durable antimicrobial activity of fabrics functionalized with zeolite ion-exchanged nanomaterials against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

• Perla Sánchez-López,
• Kendra Ramirez Acosta,
• Sergio Fuentes Moyado,
• Ruben Dario Cadena-Nava and
• Elena Smolentseva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 262–274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.18

• synthesis methods, and relatively low cost [4][10][11]. One of the most extensively studied nanomaterials in terms of antimicrobial properties is colloidal silver as its antimicrobial action affects various parts of microorganisms. In addition to silver, copper has attracted significant attention for its

Multilayered hyperbolic Au/TiO₂ nanostructures for enhancing the nonlinear response around the epsilon-near-zero point

• Fernando Arturo Araiza-Sixtos,
• Mauricio Gomez-Robles,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel and
• Raúl Rangel-Rojo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 251–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.17

• ], Ag/MgF2 [11], and Ag/Ti3O5 [12]. Gold-based systems have also been prominent, such as Au/Al2O3 [13][14][15], Au/SiO2 [16], Au/TiO2 [17], and optical filters based on Au/TiO2 multilayers [18]. Beyond classic metal–dielectric structures, research has explored ZnO/Al:ZnO [19] and doped semiconductors

Comparative study on 3D morphologies of delignified, single tracheids and fibers of five wood species

• Helen Gorges,
• Felicitas von Usslar,
• Cordt Zollfrank,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Martin Müller,
• Clemens F. Schaber,
• Chuchu Li and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 239–250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.16

• (S1 and S2) and a tertiary wall (T) strongly supplemented by lignin. Apart from the middle lamella (ML) and the primary wall (P), the S2 layer being the thickest of the three main layers (S1, S2, and T), is the most important for mechanical support [1][10][11]. Lignin is present in all layers of the

• wood-based materials [11][14]. This process involves the removal of lignin, which can significantly alter the properties of wood, making it more porous, flexible, and amenable to further processing [11]. Several methods have been employed for wood delignification, including chemical, enzymatic, and

• biological approaches [11][15][16]. The applications of delignified wood are diverse and expanding; they include, for example, the production of high-quality paper or of nanocellulose with applications in electronics, biomedical devices, and advanced composites [11][14]. Recent research has focused on

Gold nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a highly effective catalyst for the selective α,β-dehydrogenation of N-alkyl-4-piperidones

• Brenda Flore Kenyim,
• Mihir Tzalis,
• Marilyn Kaul,
• Robert Oestreich,
• Aysenur Limon,
• Chancellin Pecheu Nkepdep and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 218–238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.15

• nanoparticles, including gold nanoparticles [10][11]. POMs can act as both reducing and capping agents [12]. In 2022, Xia et al. demonstrated that among the fully occupied ([SiW12O40]4−, SiW12), monovacant ([SiW11O39]8−, SiW11), divacant ([SiW10O36]8−, SiW10), and trivacant ([SiW9O34]10−, SiW9) silicotungstate

Micro- and nanoscale effects in biological and bioinspired materials and surfaces

• Thies H. Büscher,
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira,
• Manuela Rebora and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 214–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.14

• ][6][7], functions of animal surfaces [2][8], and timely reviews on bioinspired nanotechnology [9][10][11], it was decided to continue with a second thematic issue. This second thematic issue was initiated to address the great interest across readers and authors that took note of the previous issue as

Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of contaminant species in chemical vapour deposited graphene on copper

• Barry Brennan,
• Vlad-Petru Veigang-Radulescu,
• Philipp Braeuninger-Weimer,
• Stephan Hofmann and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 200–213, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.13

• of the material and lead to a step change in terms of high speed [11][12][13], transparent [14] and flexible electronic devices [15], membranes [16][17], and sensors [18][19]. A large amount of work has been dedicated to the optimisation of the growth process to aid in the formation of large area

Structure-dependent thermochromism of PAZO thin films: theory and experiment

• Georgi Mateev,
• Dean Dimov,
• Nataliya Berberova-Buhova,
• Nikoleta Kircheva,
• Todor Dudev,
• Ludmila Nikolova,
• Elena Stoykova,
• Keehoon Hong,
• Dimana Nazarova,
• Silvia Angelova and
• Lian Nedelchev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 186–199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.12

• isomerization leads to various effects, including molecular orientation, formation of surface relief structures, and photomechanical deformations. Consequently, azo polymers have been intensively studied as interesting photoresponsive materials [7][8][9][10][11]. One of the widely studied azo polymers is the

Safe and sustainable by design with ML/AI: A transformative approach to advancing nanotechnology

• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 176–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.11

• valuable, are resource intensive and inadequate to fully address the dynamic risks associated with ENMs and their myriad nanoscale forms (i.e., different sizes, geometries, coatings) [11]. The need for more proactive and efficient methodologies has led to the emergence of the Safe and Sustainable by Design

From shield to spear: Charge-reversible nanocarriers in overcoming cancer therapy barriers

• Madhuri Yeduvaka,
• Pooja Mittal,
• Ameer Boyalakuntla,
• Usman Bee Shaik,
• Himanshu Sharma,
• Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
• Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula and
• Lakshmi Vineela Nalla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 159–175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.10

• biodistribution while protecting fragile biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids [11]. Through targeted and sustained release, these systems enhance therapeutic efficacy, prolong circulation, and reduce systemic toxicity compared to conventional formulations [12][13]. As illustrated in Figure 1

Influence of surface characteristics on the in vitro stability and cell uptake of nanoliposomes for brain delivery

• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Andreas Zimmer,
• Otmar Geiss,
• Sabrina Gioria,
• Diletta Scaccabarozzi and
• Marija Glavas Dodov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 139–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.9

• . However, optimizing tight junctions to mirror human BBB characteristics remains a challenge [10][11]. On the other hand, the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, which can further differentiate into neuronal-like morphologies, is often used to evaluate nanodelivery systems uptake kinetics and drug efficacy

• set to 1.38 and 0.010, respectively. Water was set as the dispersant, the temperature was set to 25 °C, while the attenuation was set to 11. The 'general purpose (normal distribution)' was chosen as the analysis model. High-resolution automated electrophoresis of the adsorbed proteins onto

• in the basal part of the well). The medium was changed every 2–3 days until a transendothelial resistance (TEER) value >230 Ω was reached, indicative of confluent monolayer formation and tight junctions between endothelial cells [11]. In parallel, SH-SY5Y cells were seeded onto 12-well plates (3

Capabilities of the 3D-MLSI software tool in superconducting neuron design

• Irina E. Tarasova,
• Nikita S. Shuravin,
• Liubov N. Karelina,
• Fedor A. Razorenov,
• Evgeny N. Zhardetsky,
• Aleksandr S. Ionin,
• Mikhail M. Khapaev and
• Vitaly V. Bol’ginov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 122–138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.8

• developed that are able to simulate 3D superconducting circuits [9][10][11][12][13]. One of the most popular tools [14] is InductEx [9], which is based on the FastHenry engine [10] originally developed for conventional CMOS circuits [15]. In 2001, the 3D-MLSI software tool was presented [11], which is

• -MLSI software tool [11][25], which is also a powerful inductance extractor for complex multilayer structures [22]. It seems that abilities of 3D-MLSI software package have never been checked up to now despite its well-known advantages [14][22]. Here, we present its experimental verification using two

• for the purpose of simulation. The relevant parameter here is the gap (see Figure 2c) between the structure and the screen edge. Figure 11 shows the dependence of the simulated inductance of the test SQUID (see Figure 2b) on the gap parameter. The structure size was 64 μm × 26 μm; so the screen size

Development and in vitro evaluation of liposomes and immunoliposomes containing 5-fluorouracil and R-phycoerythrin as a potential phototheranostic system for colorectal cancer

• Raissa Rodrigues Camelo,
• Vivianne Cortez Sombra Vandesmet,
• Octavio Vital Baccallini,
• José de Brito Vieira Neto,
• Thais da Silva Moreira,
• Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira Leal,
• Claudia Pessoa,
• Daniel Giuliano Cerri,
• Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley,
• Josimar O. Eloy,
• Ivanildo José da Silva Júnior and
• Raquel Petrilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 97–121, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.7

• for more effective, safer, and personalized theranostic treatment of colorectal cancer [11]. R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) is a phycobiliprotein isolated from red algae Solieria filiformis, which is cultivated on the Brazilian coast [12]. Several pre-clinical studies have shown that this protein has

Functional surface engineering for cultural heritage protection: the role of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic coatings – a comprehensive review

• Giuseppe Cesare Lama,
• Marino Lavorgna,
• Letizia Verdolotti,
• Federica Recupido,
• Giovanna Giuliana Buonocore and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 63–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.6

• non-destructive [7]. The papers discussing monitoring and the evaluation of the damages to monuments or landscapes, by means of topographic surveys and successive numerical simulations, are the most cited in this area [8][9][10][11][12]. Probably, one of the most detailed examples is represented by

Microscopic study of the intermediate mixed state in intertype superconductors

• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Alexander V. Kalashnikov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin and
• Alexei Vagov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 57–62, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.5

• complex, irregular patterns that cannot be attributed to type-I or type-II behavior [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. These patterns are referred to as intermediate mixed state (IMS) and are characterized by the coexistence of Meissner domains and vortex clusters, chains, or fragmented lattices

Subdigital integumentary microstructure in Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkota): do those lineages with incipiently expressed toepads exclusively exhibit adhesive setae?

• Philipp Ginal,
• Yannick Ecker,
• Timothy Higham,
• L. Lee Grismer,
• Benjamin Wipfler,
• Dennis Rödder,
• Anthony Russell and
• Jendrian Riedel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 38–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.4

• bear microscopic epidermal filaments (microstructures) and are associated with modified musculature, bone morphology, and blood vessels [10][11][12][13][14]. This effective system allows geckos to adhere, despite being at the upper weight limit for organisms bearing adhesive toepads [15]. In geckos

• adhesive contact by increasing real contact with the substratum through their arrangement in arrays and their heavily branched stalks and spatulate tips, thereby generating extensive van der Waals intermolecular forces [11][17][18][19][20]. Spines and prongs, which increase traction (as has been discussed

Reduced graphene oxide paper electrode for lithium-ion cells – towards optimized thermal reduction

• Agata Pawłowska,
• Magdalena Baran,
• Stefan Marynowicz,
• Aleksandra Izabela Banasiak,
• Adrian Racki,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Tymoteusz Ciuk,
• Marta Wolczko and
• Andrzej Budziak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 24–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.3

• carbonaceous base material was chosen due to its high conductivity. The relevance of rGO is not limited to only one electrode; Kiran et al. revealed performance enhancement of both cathode and anode materials for hybrid supercapacitors as a result of rGO application as core structure [11]. A similar approach

Competitive helical bands and highly efficient diode effect in F/S/TI/S/F hybrid structures

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Irina V. Bobkova,
• Pavel M. Marychev,
• Vasiliy S. Stolyarov,
• Vyacheslav M. Silkin and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 15–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.2

• superconducting electronics [2][3][4]. So far, the superconducting diode effect has been reported in many different systems, including Josephson junctions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], junction-free devices [12][13][14][15][16][17], superconducting microbridges [18][19], and other systems [20][21]. There have been

Quantitative estimation of nanoparticle/substrate adhesion by atomic force microscopy

• Aydan Çiçek,
• Markus Kratzer,
• Christian Teichert and
• Christian Mitterer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.1

• are immobilized on supports like carbon-based materials or TiO2 to prevent aggregation and to maintain catalytic activity, strong adhesion is required [11]. To improve adhesion, Au NPs have been stabilized on SiO2 substrates by embedding them into an organometallic layer, effectively immobilizing the

• parameters were used for the model: γ was taken as 2.3 J·m−2 [54], the Young’s modulus E of copper as 150 MPa [4], and the yield strength Y of Cu NPs with a diameter of ≈20 nm as 11 GPa [55]. While E and Y are not explicitly included in Equation 5, both parameters are essential for the model. Y affects the

Internal 3D temperature mapping in biological systems using ratiometric light-sheet imaging and lipid-coated upconversion nanothermometers

• Dannareli Barron-Ortiz,
• Enric Pérez-Parets,
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava,
• Emilio J. Gualda,
• Jacob Licea-Rodríguez,
• Juan Hernández-Cordero,
• Pablo Loza-Álvarez and
• Israel Rocha-Mendoza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2306–2316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.159

• and non-biological applications. LNTs rely on the emission properties of a fluorophore and its thermal dependence to measure temperature changes, which can be measured as variations in the emission intensity [10][11][12][13] and lifetime [8][14][15][16], spectral shift [17], as well as intensity

• materials have been developed, including nanodiamonds [32], quantum dots [17][28], nanodots [11][13][33], fluorescent-based molecular systems [1][8][34], and lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped materials [10][35][36][37]. Among all these alternatives, lanthanide-doped materials offer a distinct advantage: upconversion

Terahertz-range on-chip local oscillator based on Josephson junction arrays for superconducting quantum-limited receivers

• Fedor V. Khan,
• Lyudmila V. Filippenko,
• Andrey B. Ermakov,
• Mikhail Yu. Fominsky and
• Valery P. Koshelets

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2296–2305, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.158

• Fedor V. Khan Lyudmila V. Filippenko Andrey B. Ermakov Mikhail Yu. Fominsky Valery P. Koshelets Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, 11/7 Mokhovaya st., Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny

• -based telescopes are combined in a large net called “Event Horizon Telescope” [10] which was used for direct observation of the black hole shadow in the M87 Galaxy [11]. The LOs for the conventional SIS receivers are mostly generated by Schottky diode multipliers, which have a radiation power in the

Improving magnetic properties of Mn- and Zn-doped core–shell iron oxide nanoparticles by tuning their size

• Dounia Louaguef,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Sébastien Diliberto,
• Klaus M. Seemann,
• Thomas Gries,
• Joelle Bizeau,
• Damien Mertz,
• Eric Gaffet and
• Halima Alem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2285–2295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.157

• substitution of Fe3+ with Mn2+ in ferrites introduces uncompensated magnetic moments, thereby enhancing the overall magnetic properties [11]. MnFe2O4 nanoparticles have been reported to exhibit higher SAR and SLP values than Fe3−δO4 or ZnFe2O4 due to the higher magnetic moment of Mn2+ ions [10]. While the

Visualizing nanostructures in supramolecular hydrogels: a correlative study using confocal and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy

• Shaun M. Smith,
• Ferdinando Malagreca,
• Jacqueline Hicks,
• Giuseppe Mantovani,
• David B. Amabilino,
• Christopher Parmenter and
• Lluïsa Pérez-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2274–2284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.156

• [11]. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) bypasses many of these resolution limits by preserving the hydrogel through rapid freezing and subsequent fracture, thereby maintaining native-like morphology in the microscope in the form of a xerogel (no solvent) nature [12][13][14]. High

Geometry-controlled engineering of the low-temperature proximity effect in normal metal–superconductor junctions

• Munisa A. Tomayeva,
• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2265–2273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.155

• , the normal-metal coherence length, , where Dn is the electron diffusion coefficient and Tc is the critical temperature [8][9]. In a FM, the exchange field Eex further suppresses superconducting correlations, resulting in a shorter coherence length, [10][11][12][13]. This gradual decay of

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

• crystals can affect the polarization of light [10][11]. Subsequently, Biot showed that organic compounds, such as turpentine oil, sugar solutions, camphor, and tartaric acid, can also rotate the polarization of linearly polarized light [12], later attributed by Fresnel to birefringence in the chiral medium

Electromagnetic study of a split-ring resonator metamaterial with cold-electron bolometers

• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Revin and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2199–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.152

• , enabling operation in a wide frequency range from gigahertz frequencies to X-rays [6][7][8] due to a normal-metal absorber. CEBs offer several advantages over other types of receivers such as transition edge sensors [9][10][11]. These advantages include their micrometer-scale size, which facilitates direct