Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• within the forbidden gap. These states lead to a reduction in bandgap energy and an upward shift of the Fermi level [41][42]. This is the reason behind the observed reduction in bandgap with higher thicknesses (Figure 2b,c) [43]. To probe the Fermi level position, KPFM is a useful tool to acquire

• to their reduced form, and a small change in the stoichiometric ratio is sufficient for a significant change in the material’s work function [42]. Next, a series of NS-WOx/p-Si heterojunctions was constructed to investigate how the above variation in physicochemical properties influences the current

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• released BNZ available for absorption [39][40]. Other studies determined the release profile of BNZ in different media [41][42][43][44] and its permeability across Caco-2 cells [43][44]. Between 2012 and 2018 the BERENICE (BEnznidazol and triazol REsearch group for Nanomedicine and Innovation on Chagas

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• (LK) were employed. Upon optimizing the dataset, it was concluded that the read-across based on the Euclidean distance (RA-ED) function outperformed the others, as shown in Table 1. The Read-Across v4.0 software [42] was utilized for this work. After performing RA, the resultant increased from 0.65

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• -Stokes intensity ratio of A1g phonon modes (similar results are obtained using E12g) and that of silicon from the Stokes/anti-Stokes intensity ratio of the 521 cm−1 Si mode (see [42] for method details). While the silicon temperature is quasi-insensitive to Pλ, the temperature of MoS2 flakes changes

• expected by considering a simple thermal effect. Consequently, the results reported in Figure 2c clearly evidence photo-doping of 1L-MoS2 concomitant with a thermal effect, as already observed for MoS2 on SiO2/Si [45] as well as for graphene [42]. Furthermore, the evolution of the A′1 and E′ widths with Pλ

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• taken. The concentration of the drug release was calculated using Equation 2 [42] with the calibration curve for VNB. In the in vitro dissolution test, the drug release (DR) was determined using Equation 3. The cumulative percentage of drug release (CPR %) was determined using Equation 4 [42] separately

Design, fabrication, and characterization of kinetic-inductive force sensors for scanning probe applications

• August K. Roos,
• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• Erik Holmgren and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 242–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.23

• etching conditions across the wafer. To some extent, one could change the mask design and adjust the dimensions of the cantilever to compensate for this effect. Using the mean value of 641 ± 42 kHz and adjusting the Young’s modulus of our Si-N plate to 208 GPa, we find good agreement between mechanical

• superconducting cavity read-out scheme is intrinsically low noise. Compared to other low-temperature AFM probes, such as the qPlus sensor [42], our versatile design allows for achieving a wide variety of the parameters of the mechanical mode (force transducer) with a much lower effective mass and, consequently

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• the chosen compounds. It includes their UniProt IDs, molecular weights, charges, and the number of AAs in each protein. The charge data was determined through the PROPKA method [42][43] at a pH of 7.0. We model the lactose molecule as a pair of glucose beads; it does not possess a UniProt ID or a

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• , craters are not evident, but the sample height increases significantly with the dose. Some height gain and bloating had been observed in UV-irradiated DNA origami nanostructures at low doses [42]. In this previous work, although the samples were irradiated in solution, the AFM analysis was done in the dry

• state. The gain in height and lateral dimensions at low doses was associated to the expansion of the origami nanostructures due to gradual nicking or strand-breaking rendering the structures more loose [42]. In dry irradiations, the generated broken ends from strand breaking have restricted lateral

Exploring disorder correlations in superconducting systems: spectroscopic insights and matrix element effects

• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Alexander E. Lukyanov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 199–206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.19

• of disordered systems [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], including Bose–Einstein condensates [42][43][44][45][46] and superconductors [38][47][48]. For example, experimental work [47] has observed scale-invariant patterns in La2CuO4+y using a new

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• nanoparticle surfaces would assist the NPs to enter the cells. Therefore, F127 has been used as a nanoparticle component for drug delivery. For example, doxorubicin-loaded L61/F127 NPs (SP1049C, Supratek Pharma Inc., Montreal, Canada) have reached phase three in clinical trials [41][42]. The F127-folate@NP has

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• carbon-containing compounds occurs. The weight loss of GO-VTES(a) and GO-VTES(b) were quite similar, approx. 52% and 42%, respectively. After 800 °C, the residual ash was silica. The ash content was 8% for GO-VTES(a) and 42% for GO-VTES(b). From the ash content, it could be confirmed that the VTES was

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• , H = 530 Oe. To explain this effect, it is worth noting that the dipole field in the middle part of a long chain magnetized along its axis can be estimated as Hdip = (2π/3)Ms ζ(3)/(1 + 2Ten/D)3, where ζ(3) ≈ 1.2 is the value of the Riemann zeta function [42]. With a shell thickness Ten = 4 nm, from

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• mixture of donor and acceptor materials enriched with quantum dots. Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT, donor) and 6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM, acceptor) are used as base materials and reference materials in organic photovoltaic cell research [42][43][44] (Figure 1). These

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• “Results and Discussion” section. The software source code is available on GitHub [42]. The anodization electronics (marked green in Figure 5) was galvanically isolated from the rest of the system and controlled using the wireless interface of the microcontroller (ESP8266, Espressif Systems). Voltage from

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• glutathione S-transferase in Hordeum vulgare by 3-fold in roots exposed to 2000 mg/L of ZnO NPs have been reported [42]. Also, Zn is an essential element of carbohydrate metabolism in plants [43]. The highest proportions of carbohydrates (40.3%), fiber (12.0%), and energy (161.2% in kcal/g carbohydrates) were

• surface is higher than that of bulk ZnO [53]. As an example, the influence of ZnO NPs (15–40 nm) on Zn accumulation in H. vulgare indicates a significant increase in the roots, without a corresponding effect in the shoot, suggesting substantial adhesion of ZnO NPs to the root surface [42]. Further

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• oil–surfactant core–shell structure within the micelles. Consequently, a lower amount of monoterpenes is released into the surrounding medium [42]. Among the mathematical models used to study drug kinetics, the Korsmeyer–Peppas release model proved to be the most suitable for our formulations (Table 4

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• detection is described using a silver/platinum nanoplate (Ag/Pt NPL) that interacts with an oligonucleotide aptamer as a bioreceptor. The size of the Ag/Pt NPLs was about 42 nm according to the FE-SEM images. The EDS result indicates that a thin layer of Pt ions was coated on the surface of the Ag NPLs

• microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to investigate the form and shapes of NPLs. The size of the NPLs is approx. 42 nm. Figure 1a shows a combination of truncated triangular and circular plates of Ag/Pt NPLs. The NPLs were evenly distributed and shaped in the form of discs or triangles. Energy-dispersive X-ray

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• appearance of the characteristic peaks of BBR NPs at 6.79°, 9.13°, and 13.90° as reported in a previous study [42]. The wettability of the drug-loaded nanofiber scaffolds is an important factor affecting their drug-release behavior. It is reported that the high hydrophobicity of drug-loaded nanofibers

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• , such as environmental engineering [32], renewable energy [22][33][34][35], electronics [36][37][38], medical devices [39][40][41], and drug delivery systems [42][43][44][45]. They combine the properties of a hydrophilic matrix with conductive properties obtained thanks to the use of an appropriate

• in Figure 3a. The spectra present the strongest characteristic transmittance peaks of PNIPAAm at 3430, 3284, and 3068 cm−1, which are assigned to the N−H stretching of the secondary amine. Peaks at 1637 and 1535 cm−1 can be ascribed to the stretching of the carbonyl group C=O [42][48]. In the FTIR

• temperature above LCST results in shrinkage of the hydrogel structure and formation of inhomogeneities. Such a hydrogel ceases to be transparent and loses most of its water [42]. Morphological and physicochemical characterisation Scanning electron microscopy was performed with an FE-SEM FEI Quanta FEG 250 at

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• against cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis has been explored [42]. In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that curc displays leishmanicidal activity against amastigotes and promastigotes of the species Leishmania amazonensis [43], Leishmania braziliensis [44], Leishmania donavani [45], Leishmania

• infantum [46], Leishmania major [46][47], and Leishmania tropica [46][48]. Although proposed mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated, curc has been shown to have antileishmanial effects through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [42][47][49][50]. Figure 2 reveals the possible mechanisms

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• liposomes, exposes them to degradation by stomach acid, bile salts, and enzymes. Consequently, in in vivo models, intact liposomes may encounter challenges to reach the bloodstream owing to the adverse conditions of the stomach [42]. This elucidates why, in in vitro tests, the author exclusively assessed

• resistant to gastrointestinal barriers, representing another avenue of opportunity for the presented nanoformulation [42]. Niosomes are nanosystems similar to liposomes but formed using non-ionic surfactants like Span 60 [43]. They also could incorporate cholesterol in their structure beyond other lipids

unDrift: A versatile software for fast offline SPM image drift correction

• Tobias Dickbreder,
• Franziska Sabath,
• Lukas Höltkemeier,
• Ralf Bechstein and
• Angelika Kühnle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1225–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.101

• the scan of an image into several subscans [41], or periodically rescanning the first scan line [42]. For non-raster SPM, the drift velocity can be extracted without additional scans from the analysis of inherent crossing points in the scanning path [43][44]. Another approach to remove distortions

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• proposed by Rang and co-workers [42]. In any case, our results indicate that FITC- and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs were able to penetrate and accumulate in the cell wall and internal compartments of E. coli cells in significant quantities. BSA/PDA NPs are prone to damage bacterial cells since they can penetrate

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• % Cl, 42 atom % C, and 5 atom % Sn. Considering the ratio of the SnMNN signal to that of the remaining OKLL signal from the deposit, compared to that expected for stannic oxide [38] SnO2, it is clear that the Sn impurity is predominantly elemental rather than on the oxidized form. A magnification of a

• concentrations of the structures were calculated: At 0.4 nA, the composition was found to be 45 atom % Au, 1 atom % Cl, 49 atom % C, 5 atom % Sn; at 1.5 nA it was found to be 50 atom % Au, 2 atom % Cl, 42 atom % C, 6 atom % Sn; and at 3 nA, it was found to be 52 atom % Au, 2 atom % Cl, 38 atom % C, 8 atom % Sn

• purification of FEBID deposits, where carbon removal led to ≈18% height reduction of the respective nanoparticles [42]. Notwithstanding, changes in the deposition time and in the associated different volume of the deposited material may also contribute to the observed particle size reduction. AFM of FEBID on

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• . ratio 1:0.7) at 5000 rpm and soft-baked at 95 °C for 160 s. An array of polystyrene nanospheres (1.1 µm) embedded in PDMS was placed in conformal contact with the SU-8, and then exposure was performed at a dose of 35–42 mJ·cm−2 (Figure 1A(i)). (Older PS-NS/PDMS films seem to require slightly higher UV