Atomic defect classification of the H–Si(100) surface through multi-mode scanning probe microscopy

• Jeremiah Croshaw,
• Thomas Dienel,
• Taleana Huff and
• Robert Wolkow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1346–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.119

• optimizing sample preparation, quantifying how defects affect device operation [9], or by using convolutional neural networks to autonomously identify defects [10][11][12], a comprehensive understanding of the many varieties of defects is needed. Native silicon atoms at the unreconstructed (unterminated

Role of redox-active axial ligands of metal porphyrins adsorbed at solid–liquid interfaces in a liquid-STM setup

• Thomas Habets,
• Sylvia Speller and
• Johannes A. A. W. Elemans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1264–1271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.110

• Au(111)–n-tetradecane interface; the light blue spots are the native MnTUPCl molecules, the red spots their respective Mn=O complexes; left image: in argon atmosphere, a few Mn=O species are present; right image: in oxygen atmosphere, more Mn=O species have been formed. The color bar on the right

Ultrasensitive detection of cadmium ions using a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for groundwater

• Dinesh Rotake,
• Anand Darji and
• Nitin Kale

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1242–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.108

• essential for sustaining life, and an increase in the global population has led to an exponential increase in waste disposal, which causes significantly increased requirements regarding the control of water quality [1]. Clean water is one of the main priorities of the 21st century worldwide, and negligence

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• -LDH. Averages followed by the same letter do not differ from each other by the Tukey test (p > 0.05). Scheme of the bioassays. Composition of polymeric alginate films. pH values, macronutrients, micronutrients, organic matter and organic carbon contents of the soil used in the bioassays. Supporting

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• polysaccharides such as alginate, hyaluronic acid or chitosan, are widely used as biocompatible materials since they are biochemically similar to the native extracellular matrix (ECM) [16]. Chitosan is a biopolymer that combines excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity and antibacterial properties with a low

Electrochemical nanostructuring of (111) oriented GaAs crystals: from porous structures to nanowires

• Elena I. Monaico,
• Eduard V. Monaico,
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki,
• Shashank Honnali,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Karin Leistner,
• Kornelius Nielsch and
• Ion M. Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 966–975, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.81

• sonicated in acetone for 15 min, cleaned in distilled water and dried. In order to remove the native oxide from the surface, the samples were dipped in a HCl/H2O (1:3) solution for 2 min. The electrical contacts to the sample were prepared with silver paste, then the samples were pressed against an O-ring

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• polymer functionalization schemes for reversed-phase solid phase extraction applications. The adsorption capability of the functionalized composite membrane was increased from 16.7% to 38.1% compared to the native ALOX-membrane. Keywords: alumina; composite membrane; polymer-based sorbent

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• /compatibility of the active quantum source and the device in use, and they have limitations in terms of scalability. The type of point defects that should be addressed is also a key element and is generally substitutional dopants, native vacancies, and dopant-vacancy complexes. The space of possible defects is

• the UV (303 nm) with certain native point defect origin due to the high localization observed using CL maps. The point defects were likely carbon substitutional at nitrogen sites (CN). Another broad emission not associated with any SPE was present in the same spectral region, here attributed to

Quantitative determination of the interaction potential between two surfaces using frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy

• Nicholas Chan,
• Carrie Lin,
• Tevis Jacobs,
• Robert W. Carpick and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 729–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.60

• then compared to experimental results. The method is demonstrated here using a silicon AFM probe with its native oxide and a diamond sample. Assuming the 6-12 Lennard-Jones potential form, best-fit values for the work of adhesion (Wadh) and range of adhesion (z0) parameters were determined to be 80

• geometries. In this manuscript, frequency modulation (FM) AFM was used to determine the interaction forces between two irregularly shaped solids: the apex of a silicon AFM probe with its native oxide and a slightly roughened, nominally flat single-crystal diamond surface. This substrate was chosen due to its

• probe with its native oxide. With these measurements, experimental F(z) curves were analytically determined using the method shown in [45] and compared to theoretical LJ F(z) curves obtained by integrating the 6-12 LJ pair potential over the geometry of the experimental AFM tip apex. From these

Brome mosaic virus-like particles as siRNA nanocarriers for biomedical purposes

• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Pierrick G. J. Fournier,
• Danna L. Arellano,
• Ana G. Rodriguez-Hernandez,
• Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 372–382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.28

• the native virus (T = 3), as corroborated by TEM (Figure 4A and Figure S2a, Supporting Information File 1). Importantly, this is the first report of the encapsidation of nucleic acids in VLPs from BMV without the need for an RNA packaging signal. Previous reports showed that a tRNA-like structure is

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• offers an unprecedented sensitivity in native physiological media. Coupling these nanomaterial-based systems with enzymatic reactions can further increase the sensitivity and selectivity of a given sensor, leading to a scenario in which a tiny structural alteration of a biomolecule can be detected within

Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field

• Levente Máthé and
• Ioan Grosu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 225–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.17

• graphene-based nanoelectronic devices. Graphene is a two-dimensional layer of graphite. Such layers were isolated experimentally about a decade ago [1][2] and described theoretically about half a century ago [49]. The carbon atoms in graphene are arranged in a hexagonal (honeycomb) lattice. The hexagonal

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

• second part. A third part will focus on the interactions between the vectors with the cell membrane, either in its native form or in biomimetic models. Finally, cellular entrance processes and intracellular targeting will also be described, showing possible intracellular targeting methods as well as the

Nanosecond resistive switching in Ag/AgI/PtIr nanojunctions

• Botond Sánta,
• Dániel Molnár,
• Patrick Haiber,
• Agnes Gubicza,
• Edit Szilágyi,
• Zsolt Zolnai,
• András Halbritter and
• Miklós Csontos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 92–100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.9

• ; nanosecond operation; resistive switching; silver iodide (AgI); Introduction The half a century long increase of the computational capacity of von Neumann architectures built on ever-shrinking complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based hardware units is facing its technological, economical and

Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup

• Lars Kool,
• Floris Dekker,
• Anton Bunschoten,
• Glen J. Smales,
• Brian R. Pauw,
• Aldrik H. Velders and
• Vittorio Saggiomo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 16–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.2

• Lycurgus cup. Keywords: 3D printing; dichroism; Lycurgus cup; nanocomposite; Introduction The Lycurgus cup is, without any doubt, one of the most fascinating glass artefacts in the history of humankind [1]. This 4th century Roman cup, classified as cage cup, is a wonderful masterpiece of glass working

Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery

• Dávid Juriga,
• Evelin Sipos,
• Orsolya Hegedűs,
• Gábor Varga,
• Miklós Zrínyi,
• Krisztina S. Nagy and
• Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249

• ]. Among them, synthetic, amino acid-based polymers attract particular attention due to their tunable properties and the structural similarity to the native ECM [26]. The poly(amino acid)s being tested for biomedical applicability can be classified into three groups: anionic, cationic and neutral poly

Long-term stability and scale-up of noncovalently bound gold nanoparticle-siRNA suspensions

• Anna V. Epanchintseva,
• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Dmitrii V. Pyshnyi,
• Elena I. Ryabchikova and
• Inna A. Pyshnaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2568–2578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.248

• -enveloped nanoconstructions to effectively deliver siRNA into the cells. The AuNPs are able to carry up to 150 siRNA molecules per one particle [17]. Both strands of siRNA are capable of desorbing from the surface in biological media thus retaining their native properties and the ability to inhibit the

• from the gel with water and precipitated as the sodium salt in acetone. The siRNA samples containing complementary oligoribonucleotides (25 µM each) and 350 mM NaCl were subjected to heating for 3 min at 95 °С, followed by cooling to 25 °С. The samples of native siRNA (1) and fluorescently labeled

• siRNA (2) were synthesized. Noncovalent AuNP-siRNA nanoconstructions The noncovalent AuNP-siRNA nanoconstructions were prepared in two variants. Sample ×1: The just after synthesis AuNP suspension (135 µL) was added to native siRNA (4 µL, 25 µM). The reaction mixture was incubated for 24 h at 25 °С

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• .10.247 Keywords: colloidal chemistry; environmental remediation; hybrid nanomaterials; nanocomposite; nanofillers; nanomedicine; nanostructures; polymer fillers; pore templating; smart materials; The Maya blue pigment that was used in Mexico during the VIIIth century is often given as a prototypical

Small protein sequences can induce cellular uptake of complex nanohybrids

• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Malak Safi,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Fadi Aldeek,
• Johannes Ostermann,
• Tatiana Domitrovic,
• Sebastian Gärtner,
• John E. Johnson,
• Horst Weller and
• Hedi Mattoussi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2477–2482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.238

• Janeiro, Brazil The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, MB31, La Jolla, California 92037, United States Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.10.238 Abstract In this letter, we report

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• functionalized BNNTs after the copolymerization of acrylic acid and fluorescein acrylate has demonstrated an excellent dispersibility in water (Figure 1b) forming a suspension with a light-yellow color without the formation of any visible aggregates. In contrast, native BNNTs are not dispersed at all and white

• solvents and water were repeated (see Experimental part). Figure 2 shows the TGA curves of native BNNTs (a), and oligoperoxide-functionalized BNNTs (b) and P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs. The weight loss of oligoperoxide-functionalized BNNTs (Figure 2, curves b) is relatively low and is only a few

• -distribution profile (Figure 6) and zeta potential of BNNTs and P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs in water were also studied. P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs demonstrate a smaller Z-average diameter than the native BNNTs. The zeta potentials of BNNTs and P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs are −19.4 and −14.3 mV

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• distribution of molecules. However, many native tissues are not homogeneously stiff and it is not clear whether the controlled presentation of rigid and flexible material axes on the substrate governs the cytoskeletal and nuclear morphology [14]. Several techniques such as fluorescence microscopy [14][15

Microfluidics as tool to prepare size-tunable PLGA nanoparticles with high curcumin encapsulation for efficient mucus penetration

• Nashrawan Lababidi,
• Valentin Sigal,
• Aljoscha Koenneke,
• Konrad Schwarzkopf,
• Andreas Manz and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2280–2293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.220

• before the experiments, frozen native pulmonary human mucus samples were left to thaw in the refrigerator at 4 °C. Rhodamine B labelled PLGA NPs of 60, 140 and 400 nm diameter were dispersed in Milli-Q water at 0.1% w/v. 5 μL of the nano-suspension was added on top of the mucus. Then, the time-dependent

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• native form. Figure 1A shows the cathodic peak current responses, with a linear dependence of the current on the logarithm of the PSA concentration in Figure 1B, according to the linear regression equation: I(nA) = 1.03·10−6 + 7.2·10−8 log(x). The detection limit calculated using the IUPAC method [35][36

Liquid crystal tunable claddings for polymer integrated optical waveguides

• José M. Otón,
• Manuel Caño-García,
• Fernando Gordo,
• Eva Otón,
• Morten A. Geday and
• Xabier Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2163–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.209

• elements (transistors) according to Moore’s law [2]. A single chip of a current EIC accumulates billions (109) of components. PICs were born just 15 years later, in 1969 [3]. Notwithstanding the half century of development of the technology, the achievements are far more modest. The most complex PICs

The importance of design in nanoarchitectonics: multifractality in MACE silicon nanowires

• Stefania Carapezzi and
• Anna Cavallini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2094–2102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.204

• present work. The procedure to grow the MACE samples is carried out as follows: (100)-oriented Si wafers are the substrates. As a first step, the native oxide is removed from their surfaces by UV-oxidizing (2 min) and then dipping them (5 min) in 5% HF. Subsequently, 2 nm thick Au layers are deposited on