Detection of therapeutic radiation in three-dimensions

• John A. Adamovics

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1325–1331, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.129

• quantified spectrophotometrically. In order to stabilize the geometric dose information in the Fricke solution aqueous based gel matrices containing the chelator xylenol orange were reported [9][10][11] with the molecular structure shown in Figure 1. When analyzed spectrophotometrically, a non-irradiated

Towards open-ended evolution in self-replicating molecular systems

• Herman Duim and
• Sijbren Otto

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1189–1203, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.118

• information only appeared later. These self-replicating molecules carry hereditary information in the form of their molecular structure that can be passed on to successive generations. If mutations occur during the replication process, genetic information can change from one generation to the next. Natural

• transfer of information in replicating molecules may be less obvious, but if one considers a polymer with a specific sequence of subunits, it is clear that some form of genetic information is transferred if the copies have an identical sequence to the parent molecule. The survival of a particular molecular

• structure under a set of environmental conditions depends on both the rate of replication and the rate of decomposition of this replicator. If a replicator decomposes at a higher rate than that it is produced, that particular replicator may become extinct. If, on the other hand, the sequence and structure

Glycoscience@Synchrotron: Synchrotron radiation applied to structural glycoscience

• Serge Pérez and
• Daniele de Sanctis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1145–1167, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.114

• procedure in direct space to locate the molecule in the unit cell. Once the carbohydrate backbone was positioned, the refinement continued by an adjustment of the rotations of the glycosidic linkages and side chains. The final construction and model completion provided the crystal and molecular structure

New tricks of well-known aminoazoles in isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions and antibacterial activity of the compounds synthesized

• Maryna V. Murlykina,
• Maryna N. Kornet,
• Sergey M. Desenko,
• Svetlana V. Shishkina,
• Oleg V. Shishkin,
• Aleksander A. Brazhko,
• Vladimir I. Musatov,
• Erik V. Van der Eycken and
• Valentin A. Chebanov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1050–1063, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.104

• compounds 4 and 6. Selected data of HSQC and HMBC experiments for compound 4a. Molecular structure of 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole-7-carboxamide (4e) (X-ray diffraction data). Non-hydrogen atoms are presented as thermal ellipsoids with 50% probability

• . Selected data of NOE and HSQC experiments for compound 9d. Molecular structure of N-(2-(tert-butylamino)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-3-phenylpropiolamide (9e) (X-ray diffraction data). Non-hydrogen atoms are presented as thermal ellipsoids with 50% probability. Aminoazoles in

Regioselective (thio)carbamoylation of 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene at the 1-position with iso(thio)cyanates

• Anna Wrona-Piotrowicz,
• Marzena Witalewska,
• Janusz Zakrzewski and
• Anna Makal

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1032–1038, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.102

• , 7.98; O, 4.48; found: C, 87.57; H, 8.05. Sites of electrophilic attack in 1 and 2. Molecular structure of 4. Triflic acid promoted reaction of 2 with iso(thio)cyanates. Triflic acid promoted reaction of 2 with ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate. Friedel–Crafts acylation of 2. Reaction of 2 with

Molecular-level architectural design using benzothiadiazole-based polymers for photovoltaic applications

• Vinila N. Viswanathan,
• Arun D. Rao,
• Upendra K. Pandey,
• Arul Varman Kesavan and
• Praveen C. Ramamurthy

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 863–873, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.87

• significant role in increasing the efficiency for OPVs [30][31]. However, fused π-bridges (such as thienothiophene) having a larger molecular structure and higher degree of conjugation are less explored with respect to thiophene and furan spacers. Thienothiophene ensures a highly delocalized electron system

Continuous-flow processes for the catalytic partial hydrogenation reaction of alkynes

• Carmen Moreno-Marrodan,
• Francesca Liguori and
• Pierluigi Barbaro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 734–754, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.73

• scope An explanation for efficiency differences observed in catalytic flow reactors in relation to the molecular structure and/or substituent groups of alkynes substrates is not apparent due to a number of reasons. For example, although a higher selectivity in partial hydrogenation was reported for 1

Membrane properties of hydroxycholesterols related to the brain cholesterol metabolism

• Malte Hilsch,
• Ivan Haralampiev,
• Peter Müller,
• Daniel Huster and
• Holger A. Scheidt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 720–727, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.71

• constituents, resulting in highly characteristic effects on the packing and lateral organization of the membrane lipids and proteins [1][10][11][12][13]. Even very small alterations in the molecular structure of cholesterol cause large differences in the interaction with phospholipids and its membrane’s

Derivatives of the triaminoguanidinium ion, 5. Acylation of triaminoguanidines leading to symmetrical tris(acylamino)guanidines and mesoionic 1,2,4-triazolium-3-aminides

• Jan Szabo,
• Julian Greiner and
• Gerhard Maas

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 579–588, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.57

• with respect to their structural and electronic properties, we herein present some relevant data of the 1,2,4-triazolium-hydrazinides 7. Thus, the molecular structure of 7a in the solid state was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and is shown in Figure 4. Two symmetrically independent molecules

• chemistry. Molecular structure of 6b·2C2H5OH in the solid state, with numbering of atoms (ORTEP plot). Selected bond lengths (Å): C1–N1 1.297(4), C1–C2 1.390(4), C1–N3 1.365(4). Selected bond angles (°): N1–C1–N2 117.3(3), N2–C1–N3 115.6(2), N1–C1–N3 126.9(3). Hydrogen bonds to the two ethanol molecules: N2

• –H···O13: N2···O13 3.060(1) Å, NH···O13 1.96(2) Å; N3–H···O14(1.5−x, y−0.5, 0.5−z): N3···O14 2.917(4) Å, NH···O14 2.11(2) Å; O13–H···O5(−x+1, -y, −z+1): O13···O5 2.733(3) Å, (O13–)H···O5 1.97 Å; O14–H···O1: O14···O1 2.846(4) Å, (O14–)H···O1 2.07(6) Å. Left: molecular structure of 8b in the solid

Adsorption of RNA on mineral surfaces and mineral precipitates

• Elisa Biondi,
• Yoshihiro Furukawa,
• Jun Kawai and
• Steven A. Benner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 393–404, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.42

• more than either resembles calcite. Together, these results suggest, at least at the level of hypothesis, that the molecular structure of RNA is more compatible with the surface of an orthorhombic carbonate crystal (the “aragonite group”) having cations arranged with pseudo-hexagonal symmetry, than

Highly reactive, liquid diacrylamides via synergistic combination of spatially arranged curing moieties

• Maximilian Maier,
• Magnus S. Schmidt,
• Markus Ringwald and
• Christoph P. Fik

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 372–383, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.40

• , connecting two N-allylacrylamide groups, thus adding a two-way, intramolecular reaction site. In order to individually assess the effect of “internal” and “external” (at the molecules’ periphery) N-allylic functions on the physical/polymerization properties, a systematic variation of the molecular structure

Highly bulky and stable geometry-constrained iminopyridines: Synthesis, structure and application in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides

• Yi Lai,
• Zhijian Zong,
• Yujie Tang,
• Weimin Mo,
• Nan Sun,
• Baoxiang Hu,
• Zhenlu Shen,
• Liqun Jin,
• Wen-hua Sun and
• Xinquan Hu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 213–221, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.24

• by slow diffusion of diethyl ether to a saturated dichloromethane solution and the molecular structure in solid state was determined by X-ray diffraction [73]. Presented in Figure 2, the molecular structure and the predicted conformation was unambiguously confirmed. The same as before, the complexes

Dynamics and interactions of ibuprofen in cyclodextrin nanosponges by solid-state NMR spectroscopy

• Monica Ferro,
• Franca Castiglione,
• Nadia Pastori,
• Carlo Punta,
• Lucio Melone,
• Walter Panzeri,
• Barbara Rossi,
• Francesco Trotta and
• Andrea Mele

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 182–194, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.21

• ) pure IbuNa (reference spectrum). The molecular structure and atom numbering of IbuNa are shown in the inset. The notation CDNS-IbuNa indicates the original preparation, irrespective of the conversion of the sodium salt into the undissociated acid. 13C CP-MAS NMR spectra of CDNS(1:4) acquired with CP

A new class of organogelators based on triphenylmethyl derivatives of primary alcohols: hydrophobic interactions alone can mediate gelation

• Wangkhem P. Singh and
• Rajkumar S. Singh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 138–149, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.17

• coordination, ionic, hydrophobic forces, etc.) into the gelator molecular structure and studying their gelation behaviour. H-bonding interaction (present in amide, urea, carbamate linkages, etc) alone or in combination with other interactions is the most extensively used strategy in the design of gelators [23

cis-Diastereoselective synthesis of chroman-fused tetralins as B-ring-modified analogues of brazilin

• Dimpee Gogoi,
• Runjun Devi,
• Pallab Pahari,
• Bipul Sarma and
• Sajal Kumar Das

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2816–2822, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.280

• evidences for the structural assignment were sought from X-ray crystallography. Fortunately, we got the single crystals of (±)-5k by slow evaporation of a solution of 5k in hexane/EtOAc, and its molecular structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (Figure 3). The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of all the

Characterization of the synthetic cannabinoid MDMB-CHMCZCA

• Carina Weber,
• Stefan Pusch,
• Dieter Schollmeyer,
• Sascha Münster-Müller,
• Michael Pütz and
• Till Opatz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2808–2815, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.279

• Chiralpak IA-3 column (length: 25 cm, diameter: 4.6 mm, particle size: 3 μm; Daicel) was used at a temperature of 40 °C. Synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 (1), MDMB-CHMICA (2), MDMB-CHMCZCA (3), and EG-018 (4). Molecular structure of (S)-MDMB-CHMCZCA (3) with numbering scheme. ESI-MSn pattern of 3 (m/z values

• . Molecular structure of (S)-3 in the solid state at 110 K (ORTEP-ellipsoids drawn at 30% probability, C black, H gray, N blue, O red). UV traces (254 nm) of the chiral HPLC for commercial (S)-3 (top) and the (R/S)-3 (bottom). tR = 6.84 min (R) and 7.93 min (S). Enantiomeric excesses of (S)-3 as determined by

Computational methods in drug discovery

• Sumudu P. Leelananda and
• Steffen Lindert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2694–2718, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.267

Interactions between cyclodextrins and cellular components: Towards greener medical applications?

• Loïc Leclercq

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2644–2662, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.261

• those observed for peptides and proteins (see above). Current and potential medical and biological applications As mentioned earlier, CDs are able to complex biomolecules. Unfortunately, the strength of this behavior depends of the molecular structure. For instance, the binding constants increased in

A self-assembled cyclodextrin nanocarrier for photoreactive squaraine

• Ulrike Kauscher and
• Bart Jan Ravoo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2535–2542, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.248

• . Additionally hexyl alkane chains were introduced on both N-termini. Santos et al. showed that these lead to a higher intersystem crossing compared to shorter alkane chains [20][21]. The analytical data for AdSq (see Supporting Information File 1) are consistent with the molecular structure shown in Figure 1

Sydnone C-4 heteroarylation with an indolizine ring via Chichibabin indolizine synthesis

• Florin Albota,
• Mino R. Caira,
• Constantin Draghici,
• Florea Dumitrascu and
• Denisa E. Dumitrescu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2503–2510, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.245

• spectroscopy, with further supporting X-ray structural elucidation of the representative compound 9d, which displays an interesting packing feature described below. The molecular structure and numbering scheme for 9d are shown in Figure 2a. Principal torsion angles that describe the molecular conformation

• , 12c was selected for X-ray structural elucidation. Figure 4 shows the molecular structure, whose conformation is partially stabilized by two significant intramolecular hydrogen bonds. These are found between C24–H24A···O14 and C25–H25B···O28, with remarkably short C···O distances of 2.787(2) and 2.912

• significant intramolecular distortion in the other. Sydnone-pyrroloazines hybrids 1, indolizine (2), sydnone 3, indolizines attached directly to C-4 of a sydnone 4, indolizines attached via a keto group to C-4 of a sydnone 5. The molecular structure of 9d with thermal ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability

Synthesis, dynamic NMR characterization and XRD studies of novel N,N’-substituted piperazines for bioorthogonal labeling

• Constantin Mamat,
• Marc Pretze,
• Matthew Gott and
• Martin Köckerling

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2478–2489, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.242

• ). Molecular structure of compound 3a (ORTEP plot with 50% probability level). Molecular structure of compound 4b (ORTEP plot with 50% probability level). Superimposition fit of the two conformers, which exist in the ratio of 1:1 in the solid state structure of compound 4b (label A marks the atoms of the

Isosorbide and dimethyl carbonate: a green match

• Fabio Aricò and
• Pietro Tundo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2256–2266, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.218

• applications, but also by its high reactivity and peculiar molecular structure [89]. Isosorbide has an open-book V-shaped configuration formed by two cis-connected tetrahydrofuran rings with an opening angle of 120°. The four oxygen atoms incorporated in the structure are in β-position to each other [61][62

Diastereoselective synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamides through an unusual regiospecific quasi-hydrolysis of a cyano group

• Mikhail Yu. Ievlev,
• Oleg V. Ershov,
• Mikhail Yu. Belikov,
• Angelina G. Milovidova,
• Viktor A. Tafeenko and
• Oleg E. Nasakin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2093–2098, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.198

• biological studies. The molecular structure of 2a with atom-numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level and H atoms are drawn as small spheres of arbitrary radii. An exclusive approach to 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamides from non-pyran sources. Known approach to pyran

Bridgehead vicinal diallylation of norbornene derivatives and extension to propellane derivatives via ring-closing metathesis

• Sambasivarao Kotha and
• Rama Gunta

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1877–1883, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.177

• allyl groups and oxa-bowl/propellane hybrids. Since non-flattened molecules are implicated in biological systems, our results would be useful in drug design [42]. Retrosynthetic approach to propellane derivatives. The molecular structure of 1a, with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability

From supramolecular chemistry to the nucleosome: studies in biomolecular recognition

• Marcey L. Waters

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1863–1869, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.175

• chemistry in college at UCSD (here’s how not to teach genchem: my textbook listed all compounds by their molecular formula, so, for example, acetic acid was C2H4O2. Thus, the fact that molecular structure has anything to do with reactivity was completely left out). I actually started out as a bioengineering