Structural and magnetic properties of microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide/VO₂/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposite

• Sumanta Sahoo,
• Ankur Sood and
• Sung Soo Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 921–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.70

• NC displayed good electrochemical performance as the SC electrode [13]. In another work, Kumar et al. reported the MW-assisted synthesis of Fe3O4/rGO NC using FeCl3 aqueous salt as the precursor [14]. Ferrocene, an Fe-based organometallic compound, was also utilized as the precursor for developing

• conducted inside the MW oven at room temperature. Furthermore, most of the reported works are based on synthesizing Fe2O3 from Fe-based aqueous salt in liquid phases. In contrast, the current work demonstrates the formation of Fe2O3 from a Fe-based organometallic compound, ferrocene. Herein, the graphite

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

• and the formation of organometallic complexes [62][63][64]. A closer examination of FS0 and FST spectra reveals some distinctions (Figure 10). The Raman spectrum of FS0 contained a higher number of CHx bands with higher intensity compared to the spectrum of FST. Furthermore, in the fingerprint region

Precursor sticking coefficient determination from indented deposits fabricated by electron beam induced deposition

• Alexander Kuprava and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 35–43, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.4

• decrease of the sticking coefficient with increasing energy. In comparison, the molecules investigated in all of these studies are significantly smaller than the organometallic precursors typically used in FEBID. Nevertheless, these findings are important in order to understand the adsorption kinetics of

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• ability of data acquired from fundamental UHV surface science studies to provide insights that can be used to better understand the interactions between ions and precursors during IBID from inorganic precursors. Keywords: deposition; ion beam; nanostructure; organometallic; precursor; Introduction

• Focused ion beam-induced deposition (FIBID) and focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) are vacuum-based, charged-particle bottom-up nanofabrication techniques that directly fabricate metal containing nanostructures as a consequence of the reactions between ions or electrons and organometallic

• of this analysis are tabulated in Table 1. Ar ion-induced decomposition of surface-adsorbed organometallic precursors has previously been attributed to momentum transfer from the ion to the adsorbed precursor as a result of inelastic nuclear collisions [21][22][23][25][41]. Given the smaller mass of

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• nanocomposite as a versatile catalyst with promising applications across various industrial sectors. Keywords: catalysis; gold nanoparticles; organic dyes; organometallic nanocomposites; reduction; Introduction Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered significant attention because of their exceptional

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• fabrication of nano-optical components, where the actual geometry in combination with the material composition governs the optical response of the device [13]. However, typically a dominant carbon portion is present in the deposit due to the use of organometallic precursors [9][14], which poses practical

• that a significant portion of nanoparticles sits on the deposit surface. This is in contrast to the typical deposition morphology with metal nanoparticles in a carbonaceous matrix from FEBID with organometallic precursor compounds. The obtained silver content of about 0.6 atom % is very low. Apart from

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• ) is a nanofabrication technique that allows for the direct writing of three-dimensional nanostructures [1][2][3]. In FEBID, a gaseous precursor, often an organometallic compound, is injected in the vacuum chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), adsorbed on a substrate, and dissociated by a

• focused electron beam. As a result, a solid deposit is formed, and organic and inorganic volatile fragments are removed by the vacuum pumps of the chamber. In the case of an organometallic precursor gas, in an ideal scenario, only metal is deposited, and all fragments arising from organic and inorganic

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• (FEBID); FEBID precursor; iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate; Introduction In recent years, a wave of interest in the electron-induced loss of ligands from organometallic and coordination compounds appeared, which has been motivated by the need to understand focused electron beam-induced deposition

• probable reasons are its availability (it is a common precursor for iron-containing compounds in organometallic synthesis), ease of handling (it is a volatile liquid at standard conditions), and relatively simple structure, which allows for advanced theoretical description. The ligand loss from Fe(CO)5 in

Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• structures by removing the undesired carbon remnants from organometallic precursors [5][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Another example is a study of the etching rate and the etching profiles achieved in FEBIE with water on diamond samples [19]. Most studies were limited to etching of planar surfaces

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany Carl Zeiss SMT GmbH, 64380 Roßdorf, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.14.98 Abstract Motivated by the potential of focused-electron-beam-induced deposition (FEBID) in the

• assessment but shows that multiple electron collisions may play a role in FEBID, while the gas-phase experiments are conducted under single collision conditions. In the last decade, interest in organometallic FEBID precursors containing higher amounts of halogens, chlorine, bromine, and iodine has increased

Fragmentation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate) complexes induced by slow electrons

• Janina Kopyra and
• Hassan Abdoul-Carime

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 980–987, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.81

• Nowadays, organometallic complexes receive particular attention because of their use in the design of pure nanoscale metal structures. In the present work, we present results obtained from a series of studies on the degradation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate)s induced by low-energy electrons. These slow

• particles induce the formation of the acetylacetonate anion, [acac]−, and the parent anion as the most dominant species at incident electron energies near 0 eV. They also fragment the organometallic compounds via various competitive reaction channels that occur at higher energies via dissociative electron

• phase; metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate); negative ions; organometallic complexes; Introduction Nowadays, organometallic compounds are used in many applications. They receive great interest in the field of nanoscale technologies [1][2][3]. For example, in nanoscale design processes, the combination of an

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• . Dehalogenation of some precursor molecules was induced upon annealing at 420/480 K, forming short chains or cyclic organometallic intermediates. In addition to isolated nanographene containing V-shaped C44 and hexagonal C66 on the platform, formation of polymer chains was confirmed after annealing. The

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• combination of the individual properties of the organic and inorganic components that are incorporated into the film [1][2][13][14][15]. A special class of hybrid organic–inorganic films are so-called metalcones, which are fabricated via MLD using organometallic precursors and organic alcohols. These films

• are described as O–M–O–(CHx)y–O–M–O. Metalcones are known to be flexible in nature due to the flexible organic backbones present in their architectures and with excellent mechanical properties at the atomic and molecular level arising from the organometallic precursors [16][17]. The first metalcone

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• , inorganic, or organometallic material whose chemical, physical, and/or electrical properties change as a function of the size and shape of the material. Nanomaterials are designed at the atomic or molecular level, and most of the therapeutic nanoparticles (nps) are usually between 10 and 100 nm in size so

Low-energy electron interaction and focused electron beam-induced deposition of molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)₆)

• Po-Yuan Shih,
• Maicol Cipriani,
• Christian Felix Hermanns,
• Jens Oster,
• Klaus Edinger,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 182–191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.13

• applications of such types a good and target-oriented fabrication control of molybdenum nanostructures is important. Potentially, this may be achievable by focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID). In FEBID of metallic structures, organometallic precursor molecules are generally used as the metal

• source [3][4][5]. The organometallic precursors are continuously supplied to a substrate surface in proximity to the impact side of a tightly focused, high-energy electron beam in a high-vacuum instrument. Ideally, the organometallic precursor is completely dissociated through the interaction with the

• dissociative ionization of metal carbonyls; however, the loss of all ligands is generally less efficient for other organometallic species [52][53]. The doubly ionized species [Mo(CO)n]++, with n = 1, 2 and 3, are also observed with fairly significant intensity. Contributions which we attribute to [MoC(CO)n

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

Gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Aya Mahgoub,
• Cornelis W. Hagen and
• Mats Tilset

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 257–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.21

• ][15] and biomedical applications [16]. FEBID provides a flexible direct-write technique to fabricate complex 3D structures, which are hard to realize using resist-based planar lithography processes. However, when using organometallic precursors, usually, undesired dissociation fragments also end up in

• demonstrated that the presence of alkyl ligands in gold FEBID precursors has a highly positive effect on the stability of the compounds [33][34] and can lead to a satisfactory purity of the obtained nanostructures (19–25 and 29–41 atom % Au, respectively) [32]. The most recent organometallic gold complexes

• ]. Although many different ligand architectures of gold organometallic complexes were tested as FEBID gold precursors, the effect of different substitutions in the core structure of the molecule on the composition and growth rate of deposits is still largely unexplored. Such studies may reveal groups or

Atomic layer deposited films of Al₂O₃ on fluorine-doped tin oxide electrodes: stability and barrier properties

• Hana Krýsová,
• Michael Neumann-Spallart,
• Hana Tarábková,
• Pavel Janda,
• Ladislav Kavan and
• Josef Krýsa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 24–34, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.2

• identical deposition cycles. Trimethylaluminium (TMA) and water (both from Strem Chemicals, Inc.) were used as precursors. The temperature range for all the organometallic aluminium precursors was 30–300 °C [17]. The deposition of Al2O3 was performed at 300 °C, as recommended [4]. The pulse of the TMA

Electron beam-induced deposition of platinum from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Aya Mahgoub,
• Hang Lu,
• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Konstantin Preradovic,
• Titel Jurca,
• Lisa McElwee-White,
• Howard Fairbrother and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1789–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.161

• main challenges associated with FEBID is the typical low purity of the deposits. Many FEBID precursors are organometallic, leading to high carbon content in the deposit [6][8][9]. Often, unwanted fragments of the precursor molecules remain in the deposits [10]. Some precursors perform better in this

• complexes were compared to the widely used commercially available precursor MeCpPtMe3. The design of Pt(CO)2X2 takes advantage of the known tendency for CO and halogens to dissociate from metal centres upon electron irradiation [14][15][16]. Other organometallic compounds that include a halide and CO

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• [17]. Alternatively, ionic liquids can be used as solvents and stabilization agents for different metal nanoparticles from metal carbonyls [18] or organometallic complexes [19]. Ni nanoparticles from Ni(COD)2 in ionic liquids can be obtained through spontaneous decomposition [20] or decomposition

• ], [Au(Bi8)(AlCl4)5] [54], and [(CuBi8)(AlCl4)] [55] In organic solvents, organometallic Ni complexes, e.g., Ni(COD)2 and Ni(CO)4 are known to form different types of intermetallic clusters with GaCp* and similar compounds, such as Ni(Cp*Ga)(CO)3, Ni4(Cp*Ga)4(CO)6, Ni(GaCp*)4 [46][56][57][58][59][60

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• ) [252]. Three-dimensional cubic structures were precipitated as Olmstead’s crystalline C60–Ag(I) organometallic hetero-nanostructures [C60{AgNO3}5] at the interface between a saturated benzene solution of C60 and an ethanol solution of silver(I) nitrate. The formed cubic structures underwent structural

Playing with covalent triazine framework tiles for improved CO₂ adsorption properties and catalytic performance

• Giulia Tuci,
• Andree Iemhoff,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Lapo Luconi,
• Andrea Rossin,
• Vasiliki Papaefthimiou,
• Regina Palkovits,
• Jens Artz,
• Cuong Pham-Huu and
• Giuliano Giambastiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1217–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.121

• Giulia Tuci Andree Iemhoff Housseinou Ba Lapo Luconi Andrea Rossin Vasiliki Papaefthimiou Regina Palkovits Jens Artz Cuong Pham-Huu Giuliano Giambastiani Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano 10-50019, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy

Comparing a porphyrin- and a coumarin-based dye adsorbed on NiO(001)

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 874–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.88

• of organometallic complexes on surfaces at the nanoscale. Using this method, the CPD between the surface of NiO and the different molecular islands was measured. Depending on the tip, it has been observed, that the absolute CPD values recorded on NiO can vary by roughly ±100 mV. Therefore, in order

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• refraction. Keywords: ALD; bioactive materials; hybrid materials; MLD; nucleobases; Introduction There is an ever-increasing interest in organometallic compounds in the field of medicinal chemistry. Organometallic complexes are now being developed as anticancer agents, radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis

• realized that the mode of action of this drug is due to coordinative bond formation of the metal ion with nucleobase donor atoms in DNA. This led to an upsurge in interest in organometallic compounds containing nucleobases [5][6][7]. For instance, attempts have been made to bind adenine to dirhodium

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• address this goal with the synthesis of metal/carbon composites via the laser-induced deposition method already described for carbon-encapsulated Ag/Au nanoparticles (AgAu/C) [31][32][33]. This practically appealing one-step technique bases on the photo-induced decomposition of a dissolved organometallic

• complex and the subsequent self-organization into hybrid metal/carbon nanostructures with controlled composition and morphology [32]. With the appropriate choice of laser wavelength and solvent, which both need to be adjusted to the absorption behavior of the organometallic complex, metal/carbon

• high activity (current per mass of noble metal) for electrocatalytic water oxidation. Results and Discussion Laser-induced deposition of planar hybrid Ru/C films According to previous studies on the one-step laser-induced deposition method of AuAg/C composite, the choice of organometallic precursor