Proximity effect in [Nb(1.5 nm)/Fe(x)]₁₀/Nb(50 nm) superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Yury Khaydukov,
• Sabine Pütter,
• Laura Guasco,
• Roman Morari,
• Gideok Kim,
• Thomas Keller,
• Anatolie Sidorenko and
• Bernhard Keimer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1254–1263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.109

• ferromagnetic properties. The proximity of this weak ferromagnetic layer to a thick superconductor leads to an intermediate phase that is characterized by a suppressed but still finite resistance of structure in a temperature interval of about 1 K below the superconducting transition of thick Nb. By increasing

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• SPIONs smaller than 10 nm, by Néel and Brownian relaxation for SPIONs between 10 and 13 nm (mechanisms in superparamagnetic nanoparticles), and by hysteresis loss for larger SPIONs (mechanism of ferromagnetic nanoparticles) [139]. Hyperthermia potential and efficacy of SPIONs depend on their structure

• studies referring to the dimensions of single domains for iron oxides. Up to 25 nm magnetite exhibits superparamagnetic behavior and around 80 nm it exhibits ferromagnetic behavior. Maghemite is superparamagnetic up to 35 nm and ferromagnetic up to 90 nm [140]. The ideal nanoparticle for hyperthermia has

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• nanoparticles agglomerated into clusters inside the fiber matrix. The helical constructs exhibited a diameter of approximately 500 µm with one to two windings per millimeter. Due to their ferromagnetic properties they are easily attracted to a permanent magnet. The results from the tensile testing show that the

• [39]. Since the magnetic particles used in this work were approximately 100 nm in diameter, the wet-spun chitosan fibers obtained were clearly ferromagnetic rather than superparamagnetic [40]. This observation was confirmed by the magnetic hysteresis curves which showed a maximum remanent

• , resulting in strong ferromagnetic properties of the fibers. Since the generated fibers had magnetic properties they could be attracted to and stretched by a permanent magnet. The dried chitosan helices had a spring-like elastic behavior. The composite fibers exhibited a Young’s modulus of approximately 14

Epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of thin-film PdFe/VN and VN/PdFe bilayers on MgO(001) substrates

• Wael M. Mohammed,
• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Airat G. Kiiamov,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 807–813, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.65

• choice for superconducting MRAM materials, in which vanadium nitride (VN) serves as the superconductor. The magnetic anisotropies of a 20 nm thick Pd0.96Fe0.04 film of the first-generation epitaxial sample of VN/Pd0.96Fe0.04 on MgO(001) were studied by using a ferromagnetic resonance technique in [34

• allowing to see only the proximity effect of the ferromagnetic layer on the properties of the superconducting VN layer, the latter was deposited in one run for all studied samples. To do this, we mounted two 10 × 5 × 0.5 mm3 MgO substrates close and parallel to each other on the sample holder and used a

• . Magnetic moment measurements shown in Figure 4 confirm the composition of Pd0.96Fe0.04 and Pd0.92Fe0.08 through the ferromagnetic transition temperature TC ≈ 125 K and TC ≈ 240 K, respectively [41]. Temperature dependence of resistance and superconducting transition A physical property measurement system

Observation of unexpected uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃ films by a BaTiO₃ overlayer in an artificial multiferroic bilayer

• John E. Ordóñez,
• Lorena Marín,
• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Pedro A. Algarabel,
• José A. Pardo,
• Roger Guzmán,
• Luis Morellón,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• María E. Gómez and
• Manuel R. Ibarra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 651–661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.51

• , Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.11.51 Abstract We studied in detail the in-plane magnetic properties of heterostructures based on a ferroelectric BaTiO3 overlayer deposited on a ferromagnetic La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 film grown epitaxially on pseudocubic (001)-oriented SrTiO3, (LaAlO3)0.3

• alters the magnetic behavior of the ferromagnetic layer, and consequently, deserves further in-depth research to determine how it can modify the magnetoelectric coupling of this hybrid multiferroic system. Keywords: artificial multiferroic system; BaTiO3; interface-induced strain; La2/3Sr1/3MnO3

• ., ferromagnetic (FM) for LSMO and ferroelectric (FE) for BTO, and BTO/LSMO heterostructures have exhibited magnetoelectric coupling (MEC) [6][7][8]. They constitute a type of artificial hybrid multiferroic material that can be employed to build the next-generation sensors, multiple-state memory elements, magnetic

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Anomalous current–voltage characteristics of SFIFS Josephson junctions with weak ferromagnetic interlayers

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Aleksei Yu. Kuzin,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Shiro Kawabata,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 252–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.19

• Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.11.19 Abstract We present a quantitative study of the current–voltage characteristics (CVC) of SFIFS Josephson junctions (S = bulk superconductor, F = metallic ferromagnet, I = insulating barrier) with weak ferromagnetic

• method. Then we obtain the CVC of corresponding SFIFS junctions, and discuss their properties for different set of parameters including the thicknesses of ferromagnetic layers, the exchange field, and the magnetic scattering time. We observe an anomalous nonmonotonic CVC in case of weak ferromagnetic

• superconductivity and ferromagnetism are two competing antagonistic orders. In superconductors (S) electrons form Cooper pairs with opposite spins and momenta, while in ferromagnetic metals (F) electron spins tend to align in parallel. Nevertheless, it is possible to combine S and F layers in one hybrid structure

Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field

• Levente Máthé and
• Ioan Grosu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 225–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.17

• be realized by a molecular junction or a single quantum dot (QD) or many QDs in a particular arrangement coupled to charge reservoirs by metallic [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], ferromagnetic [32][33][34][35] or graphene electrodes [36][37][38

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• presence of small-sized nanoclusters at the walls of hexagonal-shaped MCM-41 tends to form superparamagnetic interactions among Fe3+ species, while large nanoclusters contribute to ferromagnetic properties [17]. In our study, paramagnetic behavior with narrow hysteresis demonstrates the formation of small

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• , while producing deep tissue imaging with outstanding contrast, enabling anatomical and functional observation at the same time. Contrast agents are chemical substances used to enhance and improve the quality of the MRI images. The ferromagnetic or paramagnetic nature of a contrast agent determines the

• NV centers and employed to image thin ferromagnetic films. The accuracy obtained is sub-micrometer over surfaces as wide as 100 × 100 µm2 and the imaging speed is fast enough to obtain a real-time video of the evolution of stray magnetic patterns. It is not necessary to supply a microwave signal to

• allows imaging of metal spins via the Hall effect [55]. NV center wide-field microscopy was applied in [11] to characterize and image magnetic samples; sample thin ferromagnetic films were used to map and image their sub-micrometer stray magnetic field patterns by using an array of NV center spins. Using

Oblique angle deposition of nickel thin films by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering

• Hamidreza Hajihoseini,
• Movaffaq Kateb,
• Snorri Þorgeir Ingvarsson and
• Jon Tomas Gudmundsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1914–1921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.186

• unique properties in ferromagnetic thin films. Earlier we have explored the properties of polycrystalline and epitaxially deposited permalloy thin films deposited under 35° tilt using HiPIMS and compared it with films deposited by dc magnetron sputtering (dcMS). The films prepared by HiPIMS present lower

• suppress the inclined columnar growth induced by oblique angle deposition. Thus, the ferromagnetic thin films obliquely deposited by HiPIMS deposition exhibit different magnetic properties than dcMS-deposited films. The results demonstrate the potential of the HiPIMS process to tailor the material

• sputtering; magnetic anisotropy; nickel; Introduction The realization of electronics based on utilizing the electron spin degree of freedom, commonly referred to as spintronics, requires the integration of ferromagnetic films with semiconductors [1]. Nickel is a ferromagnetic heavy 3d transition metal that

Giant magnetoresistance ratio in a current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valve based on an inverse Heusler alloy Ti₂NiAl

• Yu Feng,
• Zhou Cui,
• Bo Wu,
• Jianwei Li,
• Hongkuan Yuan and
• Hong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1658–1665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.161

• nonmagnetic metal as a spacer that is sandwiched between two ferromagnetic materials. It can produce two distinct states: a low-resistance state, when two electrodes are in parallel magnetization configuration, and a high-resistance state, when they are in antiparallel magnetization configuration. Half

• –Yosida (RKKY) indirect exchange mechanism. According to the RKKY mechanism, the magnetic coupling among d-electron atoms is transferred through the conduction electrons, and the cooperative magnetic states would exhibit ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic alignment of the moments largely dependent upon

Magnetic segregation effect in liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

• Danil A. Petrov,
• Pavel K. Skokov,
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh and
• Dmitriy V. Makarov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1464–1474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.145

• studied systems in soft condensed matter physics, since they successfully combine fluidity and orientational order with specific properties of impurity particles, such as ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, metallic or dielectric impurities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Adding a small amount of nanoparticles

• show [28][32][33][34] that in nematic liquid crystal–carbon nanotube (NLC-CNT) mixtures additionally functionalized with ferromagnetic particles, the magneto-optical response increases in comparison with pure LC. Existing theoretical models that describe NLC-CNT suspensions are related to the mean

• physics of ferronematics and ferrocholesterics (magnetic suspensions of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in LCs) is called the magnetic segregation effect [12]. It has a significant influence on the type of orientation transitions in LC composite materials [40][41][42][43][44], and, as predicted in [39], must

Superconducting switching due to a triplet component in the Pb/Cu/Ni/Cu/Co₂Cr_1−xFe_xAl_y spin-valve structure

• Andrey Andreevich Kamashev,
• Nadir Nurgayazovich Garif’yanov,
• Aidar Azatovich Validov,
• Joachim Schumann,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Yakov Victorovich Fominov and
• Ilgiz Abdulsamatovich Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1458–1463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.144

• layers reaches up to 0.5 K (α is the angle between the magnetization of two ferromagnetic layers). For all studied samples the dependence of the superconducting transition temperature Tc on α demonstrates a deep minimum in the vicinity of the perpendicular configuration of the magnetizations. This

• heterostructures composed of alternating layers of ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metallic layers, which opened a new era of electronics, the so-called spin electronics or, in short, spintronics [1][2][3]. A new, more recent development in spintronics was based on the idea of integrating superconducting layers into

• construction suggested by Oh et al. was an F1/F2/S structure, where F1 and F2 are the ferromagnetic (F) layers and S is the SC layer, whereas Tagirov proposed a different stacking of the layers F1/S/F2. In both cases the “handle” that switches the SC current in the trilayer is the exchange field from two F

Fabrication of phase masks from amorphous carbon thin films for electron-beam shaping

• Lukas Grünewald,
• Dagmar Gerthsen and
• Simon Hettler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1290–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.128

• magnetic states in ferromagnetic materials [3]. The non-diffracting behavior of Bessel beams could be used as an electron probe with enhanced depth of focus [4] as for conventional (sub-angstrom) electron probes the depth of focus is reduced to a few nanometers due to the large convergence angles used in

On the relaxation time of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles and implications for magnetic fluid hyperthermia

• Andrei Kuncser,
• Nicusor Iacob and
• Victor E. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1280–1289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.127

• not depend explicitly on φ. However, both experimental evidence and Monte Carlo modeling have been provided in [20] to understand the influence of the dipolar interparticle interactions on P*, leading to a reduction of the heating power and consequently on the hyperthermia effects of ferromagnetic

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• magnetostrictive, and the second one being sub-stoichiometric and presenting a higher magnetization, that are appropriate to be used as ferromagnetic building blocks in nanostructured magnetoelectric materials, particularly materials based on polymers. We show that the polyol solvent and the reaction time are two

• nanoelectronics [1] and energy harvesting [2][3]. They consist of two components, one being ferromagnetic, and the other being ferroelectric. A wide range of inorganic nanostructures, defined by their connectivity, have been prepared using different synthetic approaches. Andrew et al. published a critical

• knowledge, the best improvements made in this sense were those achieved by Zheng et al., who succeeded in designing self-assembled ferromagnetic CoFe2O4 nanopillars embedded in a ferroelectric BaTiO3 matrix [6], and by Acevedo et al. and Liu et al., who prepared CoFe2O4 and BaTiO3 nanoparticles (NPs

Electronic and magnetic properties of doped black phosphorene with concentration dependence

• Ke Wang,
• Hai Wang,
• Min Zhang,
• Yan Liu and
• Wei Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 993–1001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.100

• with ferromagnetic order. The orbit coupling between S and neighboring P atoms in a small supercell, such as 2 × 2 × 1, is much stronger than that in a large supercell. This indicates strong bonds and short bond lengths, consistent with the negative deviation of in-plane bond length shown in Figure 1a

Co-doped MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles: magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions

• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Parviz Kameli,
• Hadi Salamati,
• Giorgio Concas,
• Maria Salvador Fernandez,
• Alessandro Talone,
• Giuseppe Muscas and
• Davide Peddis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 856–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.86

• ]. Such interactions can be due to a strong influence on the overall magnetic behavior of the ensembles, inducing co-operative regimes showing super ferromagnetic (SFM) and superspin glass (SSG) behavior [13][15][16]. Among nanostructured materials, magnetic ferrite nanoparticles (MeIIFe2O4; MeII = Fe2

• were investigated by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature to estimate the superparamagnetic fraction of the sample at a given temperature. Figure 4 shows the spectra with the fit of the total signal and the subcomponents due to the ferromagnetic ordered (six lines) and superparamagnetic non

Periodic Co/Nb pseudo spin valve for cryogenic memory

• Nikolay Klenov,
• Yury Khaydukov,
• Sergey Bakurskiy,
• Roman Morari,
• Igor Soloviev,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Thomas Keller,
• Mikhail Kupriyanov,
• Anatoli Sidorenko and
• Bernhard Keimer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 833–839, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.83

• memory applications. As a basis for a weak link we propose to use a periodic structure composed of ferromagnetic (F) layers spaced by thin superconductors (s). Our calculations based on the Usadel equations show that switching from parallel (P) to antiparallel (AP) alignment of neighboring F layers can

• in the field. The utilization of the competition and coexistence of superconducting (S) and ferromagnetic (F) correlations could provide an increase in the performance and degree of integration for cryogenic memory storage devices and synaptic elements [1][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16

• , we have generalized the S/[F/N]n model [25] to the case of the existence of intrinsic superconductivity in its non-ferromagnetic parts. To make the model more realistic we consider a case of a periodic pseudo-spin-valve structure, where two neighboring F layers have slightly different thicknesses d1

Heating ability of magnetic nanoparticles with cubic and combined anisotropy

• Nikolai A. Usov,
• Mikhail S. Nesmeyanov,
• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Natalia B. Epshtein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 305–314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.29

• dependence of the ferromagnetic resonance absorption indicates that the magnetite nanoparticles used in the experiment [13] possess not cubic, but combined or effective uniaxial anisotropy. This behavior may be a consequence of random deviations of the nanoparticle shapes. It was recently shown [23] that for

Magnetic-field sensor with self-reference characteristic based on a magnetic fluid and independent plasmonic dual resonances

• Kun Ren,
• Xiaobin Ren,
• Yumeng He and
• Qun Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 247–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.23

• fluids (MFs) or ferrofluids have attracted a lot of research interest in recent years [1]. A MF is a stable colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in certain suitable liquid carriers. It has the remarkable property that the refractive index can be tuned in an applied magnetic field [2][3

Size limits of magnetic-domain engineering in continuous in-plane exchange-bias prototype films

• Alexander Gaul,
• Daniel Emmrich,
• Timo Ueltzhöffer,
• Henning Huckfeldt,
• Hatice Doğanay,
• Johanna Hackl,
• Muhammad Imtiaz Khan,
• Daniel M. Gottlob,
• Gregor Hartmann,
• André Beyer,
• Dennis Holzinger,
• Slavomír Nemšák,
• Claus M. Schneider,
• Armin Gölzhäuser,
• Günter Reiss and
• Arno Ehresmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2968–2979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.276

• ferromagnetic (F) layer has been initialized by heating at 573 K for 90 min and subsequent cooling at a rate of 1 K·min−1 for 300 min to room temperature in an external magnetic field of 80 kA·m−1. HIM patterning A commercial HIM (Zeiss Orion Plus) has been modified with a sample holder allowing for the

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• different fields and at given temperature confirm the absence of ferromagnetic impurities. Data were corrected for the sample holder and eicosane and diamagnetism was estimated from Pascal constants. The powder XRD patterns were collected with a Bruker D8 diffractometer (Cu Kα1, λ = 1.540598 Å) operating at

Disorder in H⁺-irradiated HOPG: effect of impinging energy and dose on Raman D-band splitting and surface topography

• Lisandro Venosta,
• Noelia Bajales,
• Sergio Suárez and
• Paula G. Bercoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2708–2717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.253

• , explaining why we observe that D2 is mainly affected by the irradiation dose rather than by the impinging energy. In order to correlate structural defects with ferromagnetic ordering in our samples, magnetization measurements were carried out. Magnetic characterization In view that the defects responsible

• when no magnetic impurities were determined in the pristine HOPG within the detection limit of PIXE measurements, a small ferromagnetic contribution is noticed in this sample. This is expected in ZYB-grade HOPG and has been reported in previous papers [24][38][39][40]. A significant enhancement in both

• impinging ions. This result is in agreement with other works [25][39][40][41][42], in which the authors prove that it is possible to induce magnetic ordering in graphite by controlled ion irradiation. Some authors suggest that the most likely mechanism involved in the ferromagnetic ordering induced in H