A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• responsivity, photoconductive gain, detectivity, and sensitivity with maximum values of 1.38 A·W−1, 4.33, 2.58 × 1011 Jones, and 1934.5% at a bias of 2 V, respectively. The sensing mechanism of the p–n heterojunction of CuO/ZnO is also explored. Overall, this study indicates that the heterostructure of CuO

• product of power and area, can be calculated by using Equation 1 [48]: The photoconductive gain (G) is the other important parameter of a photodetector; it can be determined via Equation 2 [49]: The detectivity (D) describes the ability of a photodetector to detect weak optical signals. D can be

• , exhibiting weaker signals at 464 nm irradiation and the lowest photoresponse to green and red wavelengths. When illuminating with 464 nm blue light, the recorded responsivity is 0.37 mA·W−1; photoconductive gain and detectivity are 9.89 × 10−4 and 13.4 × 106 Jones, respectively (Figure 6a). The sensitivity

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• non-radiatively in the form of phonons. The phonons generate heat in these materials [36] (Figure 4C). Transition metal sulfide nanomaterials gain much attention in photothermal applications, because of their low cost, high biocompatibility, and considerably high PCE. Nanoparticles of copper sulfide

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• . To gain insights into the reaction pathway and to provide explanations for the observed outcome, the research team employed computational science techniques. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations implied that Co-PMOF possessed the lowest total free energy leading to its superiority as a

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• L. major promastigotes [35]. Finally, a study showed the effect in vitro and in vivo of amphotericin B encapsulated in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with glycine-rich peptides for treating visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani [12]. All these studies demonstrated the potential gain

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• to 2000 Hz, with a frequency sweep step of 100 Hz/s. The sound pressure was set to 65 dB, and the charge amplifier's gain was set to 100 pC/V. Figure 11 shows the voltage peaks recorded by the oscilloscope at different times during the frequency sweep. The peak open-circuit voltage significantly

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• gain of the path, ΔE, is small, usually not higher than ΔV. In the limit of fast impact velocities, Equation 6 implies that the relative decrease of the particle velocity after the collision is small. Angular momentum conservation When V(ϑ) = const., the Lagrangian in Equation 5 is invariant with

• velocity must be corrected due to energy transfer, which yields a term of the second order in μ. Switching in the SA The condition for switching is that the energy gain of the path, Equation 6, must overcome the potential barrier. In the limit of large velocities, the kinetic term (due to angular momentum

• boosts) dominates over the potential gain via angular boosts, and the condition becomes . For a single particle, the switching condition reads . Under a current, the velocity boosts can be added sequentially, and the condition becomes where we introduced the incident momentum current . The nominator of

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• ) and the calculated mean resistance (with standard deviation) is 1.26 ± 0.07 kΩ. A geometry optimization was also performed to find out the maximum gain response as a function of width, length, and number of painted layers (see Supporting Information File 1 for details). To better understand how MWCNTs

• , while the current was monitored until complete evaporation of the liquid. The device temperature was kept just below the boiling point of the liquid under evaluation. Afterward, the current was used to calculate the resistance, R0 (see Figure 1c), and the sensitivity gain (S), defined as S = ((R – R0

• individual sensor. The parameters analyzed by PCA were “max”, “t_max”, “slope”, and “ratio_maxmin” (defined in Supporting Information File 1 as the input features). Figure 2a and Figure 2b depict, respectively, the sensitivity gain S (for pure water, and 10 and 100 ppm of glycerin in water) and the PCA

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• and amplified metastatic effect in cancer patients and the accumulation of NPs in unintended organs. Therefore, it is crucial to gain a full understanding of NanoEL and to develop effective and safe inducers, which are NPs that will facilitate access to the target sites and, at the same time, reduce

High–low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy for measuring the interface state density

• Ryo Izumi,
• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 175–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.18

• measured using the displacement detection system was controlled by an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit to keep the cantilever vibration amplitude A constant, and the frequency shift Δf of the cantilever was measured using a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit (SPECS GmbH: Nanonis OC4). AFM measurements

Frontiers of nanoelectronics: intrinsic Josephson effect and prospects of superconducting spintronics

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Horst Hahn and
• Vladimir Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 79–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.9

• frequency range, switching from the superconducting to the resistive state due to absorption of a 10 GHz external signal [19]. Achieving a large coherent gain of the receiver, up to a factor of three, of the emitted power from two simultaneously biased arrays of Josephson junctions compared to that of the

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• electronic structure of nanotubes. To gain insights into the correlation between SWCNT diameter and the adsorption of riboflavin, we performed single-step chirality enrichment of SWCNT dispersions with various diameter distributions: CoMoCat SWCNTs with a mean diameter 0.81 nm [24] and Tuball nanotubes with

Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• coherent gain, up to a factor of three, of emitted power from two simultaneously biased arrays, compared to the sum of powers from two individually biased arrays. The phenomenon is attributed to the phase locking of junctions in different arrays via a common electromagnetic field. Remarkably, the gain can

• exceed the factor of two expected for a simple constructive interference of two oscillators. The larger gain is explained by an additional consequence of mutual interaction between two large arrays. Mutual phase locking of large arrays does not only result in constructive interference outside the arrays

• unlocked oscillators the power just adds up and is twice the power from a single oscillator. Therefore, the total superradiant power gain for two oscillators, defined as the ratio of coherent-to-incoherent emission, is at most two. For N oscillators, the supperradiant power increase is at most N2 times the

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• F layer and h is the exchange field in the ferromagnetic layer [1]. Not only superconductivity is substantially suppressed due to the exchange field, but also Cooper pairs gain a finite center of mass momentum, which leads to the oscillatory behavior of the Cooper pair wave function. These

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• drug delivery system loaded with docetaxel (DCX) as an anticancer drug, using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as nanoparticle material, and modified with chitosan (CS) to gain mucoadhesive properties. In this context, an innovative nanoparticle formulation that can protect orally administered DCX

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• intended technical application. Considering these difficulties, it appears to be desirable to obtain information on the state of the “biomimetic practice”. This is generally recognised, with various attempts to gain insight into how “biomimetic procedures” are conducted. As an example, one approach is to

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• calculations we have calculated the interaction energies of the TiCl4 molecule on the selected surfaces. These energies are −0.29 eV for the anatase TiO2, −0.22 eV for the rutile TiO2 and 0.87 eV for the Al2O3. These energies indicate that TiCl4 will adsorb favourably, although with a small energy gain, on the

• a further gain in energy of −0.55 eV for EG and −0.33 eV for GL when the molecules change their configuration from upright to flat lying, and a second HCl molecule is released. These energies show that EG and GL could also undergo double reactions on the anatase TiO2 surface, although for GL this

• of EG and GL. A negative energy gain was calculated for all reactions when EG and GL change their configuration from upright to flat lying and one H–DMA molecule is released, regardless of the surface. Calculated energetics show that while the EG and GL can bind to the Ti sites via formation of Ti–O

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• in practical applications and provide green energy for more electronic devices. (a) The water flow is driven by an external electric field in the “motor” part, so the water molecules gain kinetic energy, and then an electromotive force is generated in the "Generator" part. (b) A scanning electron

Numerical study on all-optical modulation characteristics of quantum cascade lasers

• Biao Wei,
• Haijun Zhou,
• Guangxiang Li and
• Bin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.88

• physics in QCL’s gain medium which consists of multiple of dielectric nanostructures with high refractive index under light injection, we modified the 1½-period model to calculate values of electron population and lifetime in each subband which is separated by the nanostructures, optical gain, current and

• number of photons in the cavity of a mid-infrared QCL modulated with near-infrared optical injection. The results were consistent with an experiment, where the injected light increases the electron population and lifetime, but does not affect the optical gain obviously. Our study can be helpful for

• equations (FRE) [18] as Equations 1–4 shows, where n0 is the cavity index, gc is the gain cross section, c is the speed of light. ΓP is the optical confinement factor per stage, α is the laser total loss. NP the total number of stages, 1/τk,i is the rate of electron scattered from subband k to subband i, 1

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

• Jason I. Kilpatrick,
• Emrullah Kargin and
• Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

• environments by Collins et al. [81]. This technique exhibits a similar cantilever capacitive contribution to VCPD as AM-KPFM and is only quantitative if the relative gain of the two measured frequencies is known either through an additional measurement or through modelling [29]. Since the electrostatic

• function of the cantilever. This frequency-dependent gain, XGain, represents the sensitivity ratio of the cantilever at the two frequencies of interest. XGain is relatively stable for a given tip–sample distance in a given environment and, as such, can be approximated mathematically [29]. However, changes

• constant, T is the temperature, Nd is the detector noise, and ωn, kn, and Qn are, respectively, the resonance frequency, spring constant, and quality factor of the n-th eigenmode (n = 1, 2). The corresponding gain at a given frequency is then defined as We note that more complex expressions for the

Ideal Kerker scattering by homogeneous spheres: the role of gain or loss

• Qingdong Yang,
• Weijin Chen,
• Yuntian Chen and
• Wei Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 828–835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.73

• . China College for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.13.73 Abstract We investigate how the optical gain or loss (characterized by isotropic complex refractive indexes) influence the ideal Kerker scattering of

• exactly zero backward scattering. It was previously shown that, for non-magnetic homogeneous spheres with incident plane waves, either gain or loss prohibit ideal Kerker scattering, provided that only electric and magnetic multipoles of a specific order are present and contributions from other multipoles

• produce ideal Kerker scattering. Moreover, we further demonstrate that, when multipoles of different orders are simultaneously taken into consideration, loss or gain can serve as helpful rather than harmful contributing factors, for the elimination of backward scattering. Keywords: gain and loss; Kerker

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• energy of the system. The larger the individual free surface energies, the larger the energetic gain upon the formation of an interface. Above, we have related the temperature sensitivity of the surface energy κ to the surface entropy Ss. For most liquids, the value κ is negative, owing to an increase in

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• visual inspection of the images in Figure 2 confirms that slower centrifugation rates (samples on the left) yield thicker films than faster centrifugation rates (samples on the right), which is expected because flakes are thicker and laterally larger when processed at slower rates. To gain further

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• microscale energy system. Triboelectric power generation: Two materials with different work functions will gain or lose electrons when they are in contact with each other, resulting in the triboelectric effect [90]. When the switch is closed, the electrode contact friction causes the surfaces to carry

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

Controllable two- and three-state magnetization switching in single-layer epitaxial Pd_1−xFe_x films and an epitaxial Pd_0.92Fe_0.08/Ag/Pd_0.96Fe_0.04 heterostructure

• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Gulnaz F. Gizzatullina,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 334–343, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.28

• behavior was proposed in [21]. It suggested the successive movements of two 90° domain walls. The values of the coercive fields are determined by the conditions when the energy gain due to a moment rotation overcomes the wall pinning energy: For the Pd0.92Fe0.08 film, this model describes well the