Long-term entrapment and temperature-controlled-release of SF₆ gas in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

• Hana Bunzen,
• Andreas Kalytta-Mewes,
• Leo van Wüllen and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1851–1859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.180

• the displayed path. To obtain a rough estimate for the energy changes along the path, molecular mechanics calculations were performed, employing the universal force field (UFF) [35] parameters as included in the GULP code [36]. In order to prevent an origin shift of the framework during transition

• of MFU-4 (Figure 5a), molecular mechanics calculations were performed, employing the universal force field (UFF) [35] parameters as included in the GULP code [36]. Force field atom types were assigned automatically within Material Studio’s Visualizer GUI [37]. The cell parameters for the cubic unit

Prestress-loading effect on the current–voltage characteristics of a piezoelectric p–n junction together with the corresponding mechanical tuning laws

• Wanli Yang,
• Shuaiqi Fan,
• Yuxing Liang and
• Yuantai Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1833–1843, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.178

• Wanli Yang Shuaiqi Fan Yuxing Liang Yuantai Hu Department of Mechanics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.178 Abstract A model is proposed to study the diffusion of

Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy

• Wenting Wang,
• Chengfu Ma,
• Yuhang Chen,
• Lei Zheng,
• Huarong Liu and
• Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1636–1647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.159

• the cantilever and the contact mechanics between the tip and the multilayer sample. Finite element analysis (FEA) was also carried out for comparison. Some qualitative clues were obtained for optimizing the imaging contrast, which were experimentally proved. Finally, imaging of structural defects in

• convenient modeling of the contact mechanics for multilayers without the requirement of a rigid substrate. In their approach, the stress and displacement fields for each layer and the substrate are first expressed in terms of harmonic Papkovich–Neuber potentials. Then, the unknown functions in the potential

• the dispersion curve. The cantilever dynamics analysis and the tip–sample contact mechanics model can provide the dispersion relation between contact resonance frequency and contact stiffness, and the relationship between contact stiffness and local mechanical properties, respectively [16][44]. The

Magnetic segregation effect in liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

• Danil A. Petrov,
• Pavel K. Skokov,
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh and
• Dmitriy V. Makarov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1464–1474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.145

• Danil A. Petrov Pavel K. Skokov Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh Dmitriy V. Makarov Physics of Phase Transitions Department, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, Perm, 614013, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.10.145 Abstract We

Nanoscale spatial mapping of mechanical properties through dynamic atomic force microscopy

• Zahra Abooalizadeh,
• Leszek Josef Sudak and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1332–1347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.132

• stiffness. A logical approach is to apply the basic equations of a contact mechanics model to determine the mechanical properties. In principle either the Hertzian [30] or Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov (DMT) models [31] can be employed to calculate the mechanical properties of the contact. However, this approach

• measurements. An effective analytical molecular mechanics model of a graphene sheets [44] was employed in [41] that calculates Young’s modulus of single-walled carbon nanotubes, which extends the model for graphite platelets under infinitesimal deformation. In another study, an elastic modulus of 39.5 GPa was

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

• Loji K. Thomas and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

• [50] or about problems in capillary mechanics, we point out a major difference in the meniscus formation at an STM tip–surface interface. Here, the distance s, between the surface and the STM tip is not decided by the requirement for meniscus formation, rather it is defined by the STM operating

Mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Aβ₄₂, Aβ₄₀, and α-synuclein fibrils: a coarse-grained method to complement experimental studies

• Adolfo B. Poma,
• Horacio V. Guzman,
• Mai Suan Li and
• Panagiotis E. Theodorakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 500–513, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.51

• mechanism of deformation that gives rise to the linear response can be characterized in the CG simulations. From the experimental point of view, there is a long-standing discussion in the atomic force microscopy (AFM) community whether Hertzian mechanics is applicable to all soft-matter samples explored

• force contact-modes. Here, we explore the former as it provides a dynamic picture of the whole process and it enables the characterisation of the mechanics during the early deformation stages. Moreover, we employ the CG simulation for the validation of the elastic theory. This is done by calculating the

• considered. The former refers to the way that the indentation load is measured by the deflection of the AFM cantilever. The latter is an assumption of the semi-infinite half-space approximation. Once the AFM data is obtained, it requires interpretation by using a contact mechanics theory. There is no

Biological and biomimetic surfaces: adhesion, friction and wetting phenomena

• Stanislav N. Gorb,
• Kerstin Koch and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 481–482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.48

• Keywords: adhesion; air retention; contact mechanics; fluid transport; friction; functional gradients; wetting; This Thematic Series is the continuation of the previous series on the broad topic of biological and bioinspired materials and surfaces [1][2][3]. This collection of articles displays a current

Friction reduction through biologically inspired scale-like laser surface textures

• Johannes Schneider,
• Vergil Djamiykov and
• Christian Greiner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2561–2572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.238

• arguments based on indentation depth do change for a sliding contact (e.g., Hamilton’s [42] instead of Hertz’s [43] solution) should be applied for the stress field. We made use of the contact mechanics solver developed and provided by Pastewka [44]. This program allows uploading white light profilometry

• images and analysing the contact mechanics. Profilometry images of all four scale sizes were taken and attention was focused on the ratio of the true to the projected contact area for a contact with a sapphire counter body. This analysis showed that, in agreement with what was postulated by Baum et al

• or micro-hydrodynamic pressure build-up as these experiments were performed under dry sliding. Understanding and exploiting this size effect phenomenon therefore will be the focus of future research. These investigations will mainly involve a detailed modelling of the contact mechanics for each

Evidence of friction reduction in laterally graded materials

• Roberto Guarino,
• Gianluca Costagliola,
• Federico Bosia and
• Nicola Maria Pugno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2443–2456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.229

• directions and have recently acquired great interest in technology [10]. Several authors have studied standard solid mechanics problems considering FGMs, for example, in the case of various loading conditions [11][12][13], and in problems involving fracture [14][15][16][17] or fatigue [18]. Recently, FGMs

• have also been applied to tribological studies, where it is well known that the behaviour of a system is governed by multiphysics and multiscale interactions [19]. The first application of graded materials to contact mechanics was proposed by Giannakopoulos and Suresh, who presented an analytical study

Surface energy of nanoparticles – influence of particle size and structure

• Dieter Vollath,
• Franz Dieter Fischer and
• David Holec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2265–2276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.211

• Dieter Vollath Franz Dieter Fischer David Holec NanoConsulting, Primelweg 3, D-76297 Stutensee, Germany Institute of Mechanics, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, Montanuniversität Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria 10.3762/bjnano

• classical Newtonian mechanics of multibody systems. Later developments apply potentials derived from quantum-mechanical laws. Compared to continuum thermodynamics, molecular dynamic calculations give a deeper insight into the structure of small particles. A study on structure and melting of a particle with

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• . Manipulation of graphene nanoribbons on gold A number of nano-mechanics experiments were performed with graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) manipulated by the tip of a force microscope [58]. The structure of the GNR was determined by means of high-resolution force microscopy (CO-terminated tip), with a method

• [47], as discussed in Section “Controlled nanomovements” (see Figure 2). Pawlak et al. investigated the sliding of a single molecule on a Cu(111) surface in order to shed light on the interplay between intra-molecular mechanics and friction [183]. The experiment was realized by attaching a single

Nonlinear effect of carrier drift on the performance of an n-type ZnO nanowire nanogenerator by coupling piezoelectric effect and semiconduction

• Yuxing Liang,
• Shuaiqi Fan,
• Xuedong Chen and
• Yuantai Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1917–1925, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.183

• Yuxing Liang Shuaiqi Fan Xuedong Chen Yuantai Hu Department of Mechanics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, Huazhong

The inhibition effect of water on the purification of natural gas with nanoporous graphene membranes

• Krzysztof Nieszporek,
• Tomasz Pańczyk and
• Jolanta Nieszporek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1906–1916, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.182

• NHH and NN were obtained by R.E.D. Server [22] using the RESP-A1A (HF/6-31G*) charge model and the Gaussian 09 quantum mechanics program (Figure 2). MD simulations were performed by putting a CH4 + N2 gas mixture composed of 200 + 200 molecules and a varying amount of TIP3P water (0 and 200 molecules

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• , Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Laboratory for

Excitation of nonradiating magnetic anapole states with azimuthally polarized vector beams

• Aristeidis G. Lamprianidis and
• Andrey E. Miroshnichenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1478–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.139

• atom, where the electrons are confined and in constant motion, so they are inevitably accelerated. In quantum mechanics it was postulated that electrons live at certain orbits, which do not radiate. And this postulate was taken for granted, since it does not contradict any experimental observation at

Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• with a novel reactive force field (ReaxFF) [36][37]. This force field considers both covalent and electrostatic interactions by employing a bond-order formalism and a polarizable charge description, enabling depiction of chemical bonding (bond formation and rupture) without expensive quantum mechanics

Atomistic modeling of tribological properties of Pd and Al nanoparticles on a graphene surface

• Alexei Khomenko,
• Miroslav Zakharov,
• Denis Boyko and
• Bo N. J. Persson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1239–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.115

• temperature T and the pressure P fluctuate. In terms of statistical mechanics, conventional MD yields quantities averaged over the microcanonical ensemble NVE (N is the number of molecules) [12], but experiments with a constant temperature correspond to the canonical ensemble NVT. Friction and wear phenomena

A novel copper precursor for electron beam induced deposition

• Caspar Haverkamp,
• George Sarau,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Ivo Utke,
• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Silke Christiansen and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.113

• Erlangen, Germany Institute of Optics, Information and Photonics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany Empa—Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures

Imaging of viscoelastic soft matter with small indentation using higher eigenmodes in single-eigenmode amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy

• Miead Nikfarjam,
• Enrique A. López-Guerra,
• Santiago D. Solares and
• Babak Eslami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1116–1122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.103

• the material, therefore the tip–sample force not only depends on tip position but also on tip velocity and higher displacement derivatives, in addition to force derivatives [11][16]. This contact-mechanics problem for viscoelastic half spaces has been formulated by independent studies [18][19][20][21

• 1 (Figure S1). The contact mechanics described by Equation 4 are strictly only valid for the approach portion of the indenter trajectory. A generalized approach has been derived by Ting, which is applicable for any arbitrary (a priori) known loading history [21]. In our simulations, where a priori

A simple extension of the commonly used fitting equation for oscillatory structural forces in case of silica nanoparticle suspensions

• Sebastian Schön and
• Regine von Klitzing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1095–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.101

• , roughness [37] and or potential [38], or addition of varying surfactants [39]. Oscillatory structural forces can be described either theoretically via the solutions of numerical simulations [34][40][41][42] or statistical mechanics equations [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] or with a semi empirical approach

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• are exposed via an extensive microscopic study. It has been shown that adhesion is ensured by sub-micrometric devices whereas flies and beetles rely on terminal setae that are of micrometer dimensions. The principle of contact mechanics, which shows that the adhesion leads to the splitting of contacts

• force in the physical form contribute to their adhesion. In recent reports, the reason for adhesion of gecko setae is due to van der Waals interaction through strong evidence [237] and rejects the capillary adhesion mechanisms. It was predicted that application of contact mechanics may help in smaller

Fatigue crack growth characteristics of Fe and Ni under cyclic loading using a quasi-continuum method

• Ren-Zheng Qiu,
• Yi-Chen Lin and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1000–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.93

• at any orientation, the slip dislocation observed in the materials considerably affects the release of stress. Keywords: dislocations; fatigue crack growth; materials treatment effects; mechanics; shear stress; Introduction When materials undergo cyclic loading, the growth of cracks in the material

• finally leads to fracture, which is referred to as fatigue. The fatigue behavior of structures is an important topic in fracture mechanics as fatigue failure is one of the major causes of accidents. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the fatigue cracking mechanism of nanocrystals for developing good

Nanoscale mapping of dielectric properties based on surface adhesion force measurements

• Ying Wang,
• Yue Shen,
• Xingya Wang,
• Zhiwei Shen,
• Bin Li,
• Jun Hu and
• Yi Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 900–906, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.84

• thicknesses but large differences in their dielectric properties, were studied as model systems. Through direct imaging of the samples with a biased AFM tip in PeakForce Quantitative Nano-Mechanics (PF-QNM) mode, the local dielectric properties of GO and RGO were revealed by mapping their surface adhesion

• achieved with high lateral resolution by combining the advantages of the electrowetting (EW) effect [33] and an AFM imaging mode, PeakForce Quantitative Nano-Mechanics (PF-QNM) [34]. Electrowetting is a phenomenon in which the wetting properties of a dielectric surface are modified using an external

• adhesion mapping were conducted in PeakForce Quantitative Nano-Mechanics (PF-QNM) mode, in which the maximum force (peak force) applied to the sample by the tip was directly regulated through the peak force setpoint and kept constant throughout the whole scan. In this mode, the peak force amplitude was set

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• Katja Hoflich Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk Katarzyna Madajska Maximilian Gotz Luisa Berger Carlos Guerra-Nunez Caspar Haverkamp Iwona Szymanska Ivo Utke Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39