Development of an anti-pollution coating process technology for the application of an on-site PV module

• Sejin Jung,
• Wonseok Choi,
• Jung Hyun Kim and
• Jang Myoun Ko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 332–336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.32

• natural water will significantly improve the economic efficiency of the maintenance of solar power generation systems [7]. Although a self-cleaning coating technique using a photocatalyst has been developed, the durability is poor due to low adhesion and hardness. Also, production is very difficult, an

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• dioxide (TiO2), as a wide-bandgap semiconductor, has been widely used as photocatalyst, and in solar cells and gas sensors [70][71][72]. In general, its operating temperature is over 200 °C, so scholars try to prepare composites with graphene to reduce its operating temperature. However, the stability of

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• by the action of bacteria. In this review, some invigorating perspectives on the challenges, future direction, and updates on the most relevant uses of nanocellulose in environmental remediation are discussed. The reported applications and properties of nanocellulose as an adsorbent, photocatalyst

• in an effort to improve the development and efficient use of nanocellulose in environmental remediation. Keywords: adsorbent; environmental remediation; membrane; nanocellulose; nanomaterials; photocatalyst; Review Introduction The rampant emergence of advanced, new nanomaterials is redefining many

• nanocellulose-based materials used in various applications under the category of environmental remediation, including past achievements, current advances, and potential directions. The recent developments of nanocellulose used as an adsorbent, photocatalyst, flocculant or membrane for various applications in

Hierarchical heterostructures of Bi₂MoO₆ microflowers decorated with Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic removal of toxic pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Wei Jiang,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yanping Liu,
• Kaibing Xu and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2297–2305, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.214

• regarded as a promising visible-light-driven (VLD) photocatalyst because of its good activity, chemical stability and nontoxicity [15][16][17]. However, the low carrier-separation rate and narrow photo-response range of Bi2MoO6 substantially lower its photocatalytic performance [18][19]. To overcome this

• degradation. Conclusion We synthesized a novel photocatalyst of Bi2MoO6 microflowers covered with Ag2CO3 nanoparticles by a facile procedure. The Ag2CO3/Bi2MoO6 heterostructures, especially ACO/BMO-30, showed a substantially enhanced photocatalytic performance in the removal of pollutants (RhB, MO, MB and TC

• efficient VLD photocatalyst with promising applications in environmental remediation. Experimental Materials Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, NaHCO3, NH3·H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, rhodamine B (RhB), methyl blue (MB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), methyl orange (MO), isopropanol (IPA), AgNO3, p-benzoquinone (BQ), and ammonium

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• Honda and Fujishima [12]. Over the past decade, there have been many attempts to fabricate highly active TiO2-based photocatalysts for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency [13][14][15][16][17]. It is well-known that photocatalysis over a semiconductor photocatalyst occurs in the following sequential steps

• . First, the semiconductor photocatalyst can absorb photon energy that is greater than its band gap and electrons in the valance band can be exited to the conduction band, resulting in photoexcited electron–hole pairs. Then, the photo-exited electron–hole can move to the surface of the photocatalyst

• photocatalyst must be narrow in order to facilitate the facile adsorption of the low energy photon and high harvesting efficiency under visible-light irradiation conditions [11]. To enhance charge separation efficiency and extend the lifetime of photoexcited electron–hole pairs, properties such as a crystalline

Sulfur-, nitrogen- and platinum-doped titania thin films with high catalytic efficiency under visible-light illumination

• Boštjan Žener,
• Lev Matoh,
• Giorgio Carraro,
• Bojan Miljević and
• Romana Cerc Korošec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1629–1640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.155

• rather there exists an optimal particle size for pure nanocrystalline TiO2 [19]. This is due to surface recombination of electron–hole pairs in samples with particle sizes smaller than 6 nm. One of the main drawbacks of using TiO2 as a photocatalyst is the width of its band gap (3.2 eV), which means the

• the form of a thin film significantly reduces some of the drawbacks of the practical application of heterogeneous photocatalysis; for instance, the need to separate the photocatalyst from the suspension after the photocatalytic reaction, or the tendency of the particles to agglomerate in aqueous

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• constant of the present “sheet-on-belt” branched TiO2(B)/rGO photocatalyst is 1.7 times that of TiO2(B)/rGO and 2.9 times that of pristine TiO2(B) nanobelts. Experimental Material synthesis 1. Precursor solution: The precursor solution for precipitation of nanosheet branches was prepared following Wen et

• excitation wavelength of 360 nm. Photocatalytic activity The photocatalytic activity of the TGN and branched TGN powders were evaluated by photodegradation of phenol in water under UV light illumination. In a typical procedure, 25 mg of the photocatalyst was added to 50 mL of 10 ppm phenol aqueous solution

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

• TiO2 as a photocatalyst and the importance of its modification for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) has also been addressed. In this review, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 after modification with carbon-based advanced materials, metal oxides, metal sulfides and noble metals towards reduction of

• surface of the semiconductor. When photons with energy greater than the band gap energy of the semiconductor photocatalyst (SP) are absorbed, photogenerated electrons are excited to conduction band (CB) leaving behind holes at the valence band (VB) as per Equation 1: These photogenerated species

• widely been accepted by the research community as a green photocatalyst [75]. Irradiation using UV light on TiO2 results in the formation of eCB− and hVB+ at its CB and VB, respectively. The eCB− reduces Cr(VI) species to Cr(III) as per Equation 10 and hVB+ oxidizes water to O2 (Equation 11). In some

Ag₂WO₄ nanorods decorated with AgI nanoparticles: Novel and efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of water pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Wei Jiang,
• Yanping Liu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yingtang Zhou,
• Liuye Mo and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.123

• . The active species trapping experiment reveals that active species (O2•− and h+) dominantly contribute to RhB degradation. The AgI/Ag2WO4 heterojunction photocatalyst characterized in this work holds great potential for remedying environmental issues due to its simple preparation method and excellent

• Ag2S/Ag2WO4 [40], C3N4/Ag2WO4 [39], Bi2MoO6/Ag2WO4/Ag [42] etc., have been reported to show improved VLD performance in the degradation of pollutants. To the best of our knowledge, application of AgI/Ag2WO4 as a VLD photocatalyst for the degradation of toxic pollutants remains unreported. In this study

• the CB of AgI (and more holes left behind in the valence band (VB)) could readily attack the pollutant molecules, resulting in the remarkable photocatalytic performance of AgI/Ag2WO4. Conclusion In summary, a novel heterojunction photocatalyst comprised of AgI nanoparticle-decorated Ag2WO4 nanorods

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

• Maya Endo,
• Zhishun Wei,
• Kunlei Wang,
• Baris Karabiyik,
• Kenta Yoshiiri,
• Paulina Rokicka,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
• Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

• be used for photocatalyst activation [20]. Titanium(IV) oxide (titania) is the most widely used semiconductor photocatalyst used in treatment of water/wastewater and air [21]. The major barrier for common application of titania photocatalysis is the low activity under solar radiation (mainly due to

• light action [61][62][63]. In this mechanism, the photocatalyst properties such as particle shape, size and content of NPs could influence the efficiency on interaction between NPs and bacteria [64]. To evaluate the difference between dark activity and plasmonic photocatalysis, decomposition of

• bacterial cells in titania suspension with simultaneous measurements of evolved carbon dioxide was studied for bare and modified titania with gold or silver. Our preliminary studies on TiO2(ST41) photocatalyst showed that although inactivation of bacterial cells was similar for bare and silver-modified

Facile synthesis of a ZnO–BiOI p–n nano-heterojunction with excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Mengyuan Zhang,
• Jiaqian Qin,
• Pengfei Yu,
• Bing Zhang,
• Mingzhen Ma,
• Xinyu Zhang and
• Riping Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.72

• . Recently, bismuth oxyhalides have been proposed as a new kind of narrow band gap p-type semiconductor photocatalyst material whose general formula is BiOX, where X represents Cl, Br or I. They crystallize in the tetragonal matlockite structure with space group P4/NMMS. In the crystal structure of all these

• response to visible light. Though widely investigated, BiOI suffers from its high recombination rate of photoinduced electron–holes and low charge transfer ability. Therefore, the strategies to improve the efficiency of this kind of semiconductor photocatalyst are in need. Heterogeneous processes are

• . described the synthesis of p–n heterostructures where p-type BiOI nanoplates decorated on n-type ZnO nanorod arrays which were synthesized through a solvothermal route. The high-contact areas provided by the fast charge transfer channel of BiOI and ZnO create the efficient photocatalyst [35]. Tong et al

Surface-plasmon-enhanced ultraviolet emission of Au-decorated ZnO structures for gas sensing and photocatalytic devices

• T. Anh Thu Do,
• Truong Giang Ho,
• Thu Hoai Bui,
• Quang Ngan Pham,
• Hong Thai Giang,
• Thi Thu Do,
• Duc Van Nguyen and
• Dai Lam Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 771–779, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.70

• . Keywords: Au-decorated ZnO; carrier dynamics; gas sensors; photocatalyst; SPR effect; Introduction Inorganic transition metal oxide sensor devices have attracted attention in particular for improving gas sensing, energy conversion, electronics, photocatalysis and optoelectronic devices [1][2][3][4]. Among

• ultrasonicated for 5 min to make the homogeneous distribution of photocatalyst with RhB. Before light irradiation, the cell containing the photocatalyst and the aqueous RhB solution was kept in the dark for 40 min to reach an adsorption/desorption equilibrium between the photocatalyst and RhB molecules. The RhB

• . The photocatalytic decomposition of RhB molecules is evaluated by the PL quenching of the RhB in the photocatalyst-mixed solution. The percentage of the PL quenching is calculated by the ratio of integrating the measured PL emission from 500–700 nm. XRD patterns (a), FE-SEM images of as-deposited ZnO

Combined pulsed laser deposition and non-contact atomic force microscopy system for studies of insulator metal oxide thin films

• Daiki Katsube,
• Hayato Yamashita,
• Satoshi Abo and
• Masayuki Abe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 686–692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.63

• oxides, and studies at the atomic level of both materials are still ongoing because of their high importance in materials science. Anatase TiO2 is well known as a photocatalyst, but there have been few studies using NC-AFM due to the difficulty in preparing samples [58]. Thin films of LaAlO3 epitaxially

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• )–CaTiO3 (CTCN) organic–inorganic heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile mixing method, resulting in the deposition of CaTiO3 (CT) nanoflakes onto the surface of g-C3N4 nanosheets. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized heterojunction (along with the controls) was evaluated by

• degradation of pollutants has been proposed and discussed. Keywords: CaTiO3; graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4); heterojunction photocatalyst; pollutant degradation; Introduction Photocatalysis is recognized as an attractive approach for environmental remediation and energy generation applications due to its

• potential towards utilization of solar energy [1][2][3]. Therefore, extensive efforts have been made for the design and synthesis of highly efficient and stable photocatalyst systems over the past few decades [4][5][6][7]. Hence, the development of such photocatalysts with high stability and good activity

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• sustainable photocatalysts that can collectively harvest visible light. However, the bottleneck in utilising the low energy photons has led to the discovery of plasmonic photocatalysts. The presence of noble metal on the plasmonic photocatalyst enables the harvesting of visible light through the unique

• strengths and weaknesses, and the interaction of the plasmonic photocatalyst with pollutants as well as the role of active radical generation and identification. The review ends with a pinnacle insight into future perspectives regarding realistic applications of plasmonic photocatalysts. Keywords

• : localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR); noble metal; plasmonic photocatalyst; reactive radicals; Schottky junctions; visible light; Review Introduction Photocatalysts have played and will continue to play a pivotal role in environmental and energy applications in order to fulfil the needs of the

Fabrication and photoactivity of ionic liquid–TiO₂ structures for efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous phase

• Anna Gołąbiewska,
• Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron,
• Aleksandra Sadzińska,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewelina Grabowska,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Justyna Łuczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 580–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.54

• absorption of IL–TiO2 in the visible region can be attributed to the existence of carbon species on the surface of the photocatalysts [45]. Chemical composition of ionic liquid/TiO2 composites The photocatalytic degradation is based on chemical reactions on the surface of the photocatalyst [46][47][48]. In

• reference TiO2 sample (Table 1 and Figure 6). Before the photocatalytic activity tests, phenol adsorption on the surface of the photocatalyst was tested for the samples possessing the highest photoactivity. It was observed that the concentration of phenol after 120 min in dark conditions practically did not

• degraded, indicating that OH radicals play an insignificant role in the degradation process. Interestingly, for the TiO2_O(1:3) photocatalyst, the addition of AgNO3 and tert-butyl alcohol increased the effectiveness of the photocatalytic process. As explained by Liu et al., AgNO3 may be capable of

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• photocatalyst for the degradation of phenol and toluene under visible light. XPS analysis revealed that the photocatalyst prepared via HT method contains a three-times higher amount of hydroxy groups at the surface layer and a two-times higher amount of surface defects than that obtained by the SHT method. The

• direct (band–band) or indirect (via a band-gap state) recombination of excited electrons and holes [38]. The Nd-TiO2 photocatalysts were characterized by a better separation ability of the photogenerated electrons and holes compared to pristine samples. In addition, the Nd-modified photocatalyst prepared

• in the corresponding 0.25% Nd-TiO2(SHT) sample (Table 3). The XPS data correspond well with the highest photocatalytic activity exhibited by the 0.25% Nd-TiO2 photocatalyst prepared via HT method (described in detail in the next section). Photocatalytic properties The photocatalytic properties of

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• correlates well with the lowest PL intensity, highest photocurrent and lowest particle size. Keywords: Congo red; electrochemical study; phenol; photocatalyst; rhodamine B (Rh B); ZnFe2O4; Introduction Photocatalysis is a “green” technology for the treatment of environmental pollutants with solar energy [1

• time intervals, 2 mL of the reaction solution was drawn from the conical flask with the help of a syringe followed by centrifugation to separate the photocatalyst. The solution was then analysed using a UV–vis spectrometer (JASCO 750) at 497 and 554 nm for Rh B and congo red, respectively. Sample

• ) under solar irradiation was determined. To know the self-degradation of the dye, a control experiment was carried out by exposing Congo red solution to the light source for 30 min. The results showed that the Congo red solution could not be photo-degraded in the absence of the photocatalyst. In the next

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• removal of 100% MO and 97.5% RhB (with an initial concentration of 40 mg/L and a photocatalyst-sorbent concentration of 1 g/L) in about 100 minutes. The produced TiO2-pillared montmorillonite showed increased photocatalytic activity as compared to the commercially available photocatalyst Degussa P25

• temperature of 500–900 °C. The improved photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2-pillared MM in comparison with the commercial photocatalyst Degussa P 25 is revealed. A significant advantage of using a solution prior to sol stems from the possibility of obtaining titanium hydroxo complexes with sizes as

• 8% and 4%, respectively, thus that process can be neglected. Prior to obtaining the kinetic curves of photodegradation for the MO and RhB solutions, the photocatalyst samples were exposed to solutions of respective dyes with constant stirring in the dark for 30 min to reach adsorption–desorption

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• than that of other composites reported earlier in our previous works [28][29]. Conclusion The CD/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized using hydrothermal treatment. With an increase in the concentration of CDs, the UV–vis DRS results showed a broader and stronger visible and NIR

• a duration of 2 h. The initial concentration of BPA was 5 mg/L prepared in a 500 mL beaker with 250 mL solution. Each experiment was carried out for 2 h where a sample was collected at 15 min intervals. Each beaker was stirred well with 0.1 g of photocatalyst. Prior to the photocatalytic degradation

• recorded light intensity during the photocatalytic experiment. Scavenging experiment CD/g-C3N4(0.5) was used as a photocatalyst in the scavenging experiment because of its superior photocatalytic performance among the samples. The scavenger test was used to identify the mechanism of photocatalyst to

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• (Ag) NPs or TiO2 nano-grass films with AuNP for photocatalytic water splitting [29][30]. Matsuoka et al. sputtered TiO2 on a quartz glass plate by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering deposition followed by Pt deposition to make a TiO2 thin film photocatalyst for water splitting [31]. Finally

• , ideally a scaffold with a high porosity, and good chemical and mechanical stability to enable access of all reactants to the catalytically active sites over extended periods of time. Moreover, a suitable photocatalyst should ideally use a scaffold from renewable materials; ideally the scaffold should be

• a scaffold for photocatalyst synthesis. Instead of plasma chemistry, however, we employed a much softer wet chemistry method for materials synthesis. B. mori silk contains numerous amino acids, predominantly glycine, alanine, serine, and tyrosine [37][38]. As numerous amide and hydroxyl groups are

Review on optofluidic microreactors for artificial photosynthesis

• Xiaowen Huang,
• Jianchun Wang,
• Tenghao Li,
• Jianmei Wang,
• Min Xu,
• Weixing Yu,
• Abdel El Abed and
• Xuming Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 30–41, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.5

• [38], easy flow control and improved mass and photon transfer in the reaction system [49][50][51][52][53]. The small volume of optofluidic systems reduces the diffusion time, dramatically increases the reaction rate on the photocatalyst surface, and reduces the consumption of expensive photocatalysts

• energy could be offered by external light. In principle, a semiconductor photocatalyst (e.g., TiO2, C3N4) absorbs the appropriate photon (hν ≥ E0, where E0 is the bandgap of the semiconductor photocatalyst) to excite an electron in the conduction band, leaving a hole in the valence band. The electron

• for the redox reactions [65][66][67]. The desirable features of a photocatalyst include wide-range absorption, long-term stability, fast electron–hole separation, and strong redox powers. However, it is difficult to have all of these features in a single photocatalyst. Thereby, a simple heterojunction

Facile synthesis of silver/silver thiocyanate (Ag@AgSCN) plasmonic nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance

• Xinfu Zhao,
• Dairong Chen,
• Abdul Qayum,
• Bo Chen and
• Xiuling Jiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2781–2789, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.277

• nanostructured plasmonic photocatalyst, silver/silver thiocyanate (Ag@AgSCN), has been prepared by a simple precipitation method followed by UV-light-induced reduction. The ratio of Ag to silver thiocyanate (AgSCN) can be controlled by simply adjusting the photo-induced reduction time. The formation mechanism of

• visible-light irradiation. In addition to the microstructure and high specific surface area, the enhanced photocatalytic activity was mainly caused by the surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles, and the high stability of AgSCN resulted in the long-term stability of the photocatalyst product

• . Keywords: Ag@AgSCN; degradation of oxytetracycline; plasmonic photocatalyst; stability; Introduction In the past decade, water decontamination technology has attracted great attention due to the increasing health risk that water contamination poses to humankind. The removal of pollutants has been

CdSe nanorod/TiO₂ nanoparticle heterojunctions with enhanced solar- and visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Fakher Laatar,
• Hatem Moussa,
• Halima Alem,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Emilien Girot,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Hatem Ezzaouia and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2741–2752, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.273

• remove the CdSe/TiO2 photocatalyst. The relative concentration of RhB in the solution was determined by comparing its UV−visible absorption at 554 nm with that of the starting solution. The mechanism of RhB photodegradation in aqueous solution was investigated through the use of scavengers. t-BuOH and p

• photocatalyst, the photodegradation of RhB was found to be negligible. As shown in Figure 6a, the highest photocatalytic activity was reached for the CdSe (2 wt %)/TiO2 material which fully bleached the dye in 150 min. Thereafter, the activity decreases when increasing the amount of CdSe NRs associated to TiO2

• TiO2 and CdSe/TiO2 composites loaded with 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 wt % CdSe, respectively (Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1). Influence of the photocatalyst dosage and rhodamine B concentration The photodegradation efficiency is generally affected by the amount of catalyst used and by the

Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO quantum dot/KNb₃O₈ nanosheet photocatalysts for reducing carbon dioxide to methanol

• Xiao Shao,
• Weiyue Xin and
• Xiaohong Yin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2264–2270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.226

• -state reaction or alkoxide methods at more than 800 °C [15][16][17], which make the particle size uncontrollable. It is well-known that the morphology, size and crystal structure of the photocatalyst are crucial properties to control its photocatalytic activity [18]. Francesco and his team [19

• transparent solution was centrifugally separated from the slurry and analyzed by a gas chromatograph (SCION 456–GC). The reference experiments were carried out in the absence of photocatalyst or laser irradiation, and there were no products formed. Results and Discussion Catalyst characterization The two-step

• KNb3O8 nanosheets: (a) 0 wt %; (b) 1 wt %; (c) 2 wt %; (d) 3 wt %; (e) 4 wt %. TEM image of the 2 wt % ZnO quantum dot/KNb3O8 nanosheet composite photocatalyst. HRTEM image of the 2 wt % ZnO quantum dot/KNb3O8 nanosheet composite photocatalyst. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy pattern of the 2 wt