Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• -G.b.-20 substrates were shown in Figure 7a. A sensitivity to acephate with a LOD as low as 10−10 mg/mL was achieved. Comparing with the limit of quantification (LOQ) on apples according to the National food safety standard (GB 2763-2014) in China (Table 2), the LOD of Ag-G.b.-20 SERS substrate is far

Quantification and coupling of the electromagnetic and chemical contributions in surface-enhanced Raman scattering

• Yarong Su,
• Yuanzhen Shi,
• Ping Wang,
• Jinglei Du,
• Markus B. Raschke and
• Lin Pang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 549–556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.56

• Chemistry and JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA 10.3762/bjnano.10.56 Abstract In surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), both chemical (CE) and electromagnetic (EM) field effects contribute to its overall enhancement. However, neither the quantification of their

• intensity dependence of the chemical enhancement and allows for a more systematic design of SERS substrates with desired properties. Keywords: benzenethiol; chemical enhancement; physical enhancement; quantification; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering

• internal reference then allows for the separation of EM and CE, and the quantification of CE of other modes referenced against that standard. Without loss of generality, and setting the reference CE value to unity, we find a vibrational-mode-specific relative chemical enhancement ranging from 2 to as large

Geometrical optimisation of core–shell nanowire arrays for enhanced absorption in thin crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells

• Robin Vismara,
• Olindo Isabella,
• Andrea Ingenito,
• Fai Tong Si and
• Miro Zeman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 322–331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.31

• explain the boost in absorption observed at (III) in Figure 4. The convolution of Ac−Si with the photon flux of the solar spectrum (Equation 1) allows for the quantification of the optical performance improvement introduced by the presence of nanowires. The implied photocurrent density generated in the

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• phenol red was used (Life Technologies Corporation). HAp powder suspensions were ultrasonicated before being brought into the cell environment. WST-8 assay The viability of cells in the presence of hydroxyapatite in different concentrations was analysed using a colourimetric assay for quantification of

• boundaries more clearly than the topographical images. Hence, these maps were used for shape quantification of the HAp NPs (Table 2). AFM imaging of nanopowders is a challenging task. The phase-contrast maps acquisition parameters were changed accordingly to record high-resolution, quality images. The

Electrostatic force microscopy for the accurate characterization of interphases in nanocomposites

• Diana El Khoury,
• Richard Arinero,
• Jean-Charles Laurentie,
• Mikhaël Bechelany,
• Michel Ramonda and
• Jérôme Castellon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2999–3012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.279

• total particle coverage. The quantification of the dielectric permittivity of the used materials, within all types of association, was possible by comparing experimental data and numerical simulations. This paper also discussed the possibility of using the developed approaches to distinguish the

Ternary nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide, polyaniline and hexaniobate: hierarchical architecture and high polaron formation

• Claudio H. B. Silva,
• Maria Iliut,
• Christopher Muryn,
• Christian Berger,
• Zachary Coldrick,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Marcia L. A. Temperini and
• Aravind Vijayaraghavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2936–2946, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.272

• electrocatalytic activity in the quantification of chemical species compared to the isolated components [5]. In earlier studies, some of us reported the preparation of binary nanocomposites of polyaniline (PANI) and hexaniobate (hexNb) nanoscrolls by layer-by-layer assembly and the characterisation by

In situ characterization of nanoscale contaminations adsorbed in air using atomic force microscopy

• Jesús S. Lacasa,
• Lisa Almonte and
• Jaime Colchero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2925–2935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.271

• quantification of surface contamination under ambient conditions is not merely a “technical issue” related only to AFM operation, but rather a topic of much broader relevance. From our work we conclude that not only contamination of the tip, but also that on the surface is quite difficult to visualize and detect

Comparative biological effects of spherical noble metal nanoparticles (Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with 4–8 nm diameter

• Alexander Rostek,
• Marina Breisch,
• Kevin Pappert,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Marc Heggen,
• Manfred Köller,
• Christina Sengstock and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2763–2774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.258

• (Olympus MVX10, Olympus, Hamburg, Germany). The quantification of cell viability was performed by phase analysis (CellSens Dimensions, Olympus, Hamburg, Germany) of calcein-positive fluorescence signals calculating the fluorescent area. For calculating the phase analysis data, a threshold was set which

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• oxygen species quantification via flow cytometry The apoptotic induction was experimentally determined by staining techniques, as well as fluorescence and electron microscopy. We further investigated the probable cause of apoptotic induction in cells by CaP@5-FU NPs. It was reported that 5-FU-mediated

• propidium iodide staining for DNA quantification and to unveil the different cell cycle phases. Propidium iodide (PI), a fluorogenic dye, intercalates with nucleic acid in a stoichiometric fashion and can be used as an effective indicator dye in cellular DNA quantification with flow cytometry [47]. In

• NP-treated HCT-15 cells was undertaken. The gene-specific amplification in a thermal cycler enables the quantification of protein expression. The apoptosis can occur through either the intrinsic mitochondrial-mediated pathway or by the extrinsic death receptor (FasL) facilitated pathway. With the

A differential Hall effect measurement method with sub-nanometre resolution for active dopant concentration profiling in ultrathin doped Si_1−xGe_x and Si layers

• Richard Daubriac,
• Emmanuel Scheid,
• Hiba Rizk,
• Richard Monflier,
• Sylvain Joblot,
• Rémi Beneyton,
• Pablo Acosta Alba,
• Sébastien Kerdilès and
• Filadelfo Cristiano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1926–1939, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.184

• including time, temperature and Ge content. For this, spectroscopic ellipsometry (with a HORIBA Jobin Yvon system) was used as a fast, reliable and non-destructive method for the measurement of the removed thickness. We developed an empirical model for the quantification of the SiGe thickness measurement

• same typical silicon-dioxide charge densities, the surface depletion is well below 1 nm (about 0.4 nm at 1020 cm−3 and less than 0.2 nm at 5 × 1020 cm−3; Figure S7, Supporting Information File 1) and its impact on the quantification of the DHE depth profiles can therefore be neglected. Differential

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• ) show the expected signals for Eu, Gd or Er and fluoride besides the bands for carbon and copper of the carbon-coated copper grid. The oxygen peak can largely be attributed to air contamination when the sample was introduced into the TEM device. A quantification of fluoride against rare-earth metal was

Know your full potential: Quantitative Kelvin probe force microscopy on nanoscale electrical devices

• Amelie Axt,
• Ilka M. Hermes,
• Victor W. Bergmann,
• Niklas Tausendpfund and
• Stefan A. L. Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1809–1819, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.172

• , the local potential distribution needs to be correlated to the constituent layers of the cell. Therefore, a high lateral resolution together with a reliable quantification of the local potential is required. In the past, KPFM measurements have frequently been used to image potential distributions on

SO₂ gas adsorption on carbon nanomaterials: a comparative study

• Deepu J. Babu,
• Divya Puthusseri,
• Frank G. Kühl,
• Sherif Okeil,
• Michael Bruns,
• Manfred Hampe and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1782–1792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.169

• : ±0.2 eV). The analyzer transmission function, Scofield sensitivity factors [59] and effective attenuation lengths (EALs) for photoelectrons were applied for quantification. The EALs were calculated using the standard TPP-2M formalism [60]. All of the spectra were referenced to the C 1s peak of graphite

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• tendency to aggregate, precise quantification of pyrene is difficult. The analysis of the UV and fluorescent spectra of D@p(SRA-B) showed that all of the used dyes are encapsulated in the cavity of p(SRA-B) despite the difference in their polarity. For Fl@p(SRA-B), a bathochromic shift of the absorption

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• ionic strengths. Cu2+ quantification It is highly desirable to establish a system based on visual and spectral detection of Cu2+ in water at concentrations below the safe limit for drinking water of 20 and 30 µM set by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organization [5][26], and

A novel copper precursor for electron beam induced deposition

• Caspar Haverkamp,
• George Sarau,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Ivo Utke,
• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Silke Christiansen and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.113

• accelerating voltage of 5 kV and 1 nA beam current. To avoid spurious signals from the substrate a deposit of 400 nm thickness onto silicon was used for quantification. Further EDX measurements were carried out on the optically characterized copper deposits on ITO coated glass (see Supporting Information File

Scanning speed phenomenon in contact-resonance atomic force microscopy

• Christopher C. Glover,
• Jason P. Killgore and
• Ryan C. Tung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 945–952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.87

• quantification in atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques, there exists a myriad of unexplained measurement phenomena caused by mechanical interactions between the scanning AFM tip and the material sample under test. In this article, we show how the velocity at which the tip is swept across the sample surface

Cyclodextrin inhibits zinc corrosion by destabilizing point defect formation in the oxide layer

• Abdulrahman Altin,
• Maciej Krzywiecki,
• Adnan Sarfraz,
• Cigdem Toparli,
• Claudius Laska,
• Philipp Kerger,
• Aleksandar Zeradjanin,
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer,
• Michael Rohwerder and
• Andreas Erbe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 936–944, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.86

• quantification, we assumed isotropic emission of the cloud electrons and surface-normal emission of the test electrons, i.e., for the majority of the photoemission signal. The angular distribution is assumed to be equally simple [26]. The rest of the parasite effects are expected to be rather low for the probed

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• STRATAGem thin film analysis. This allowed for the quantification of the atomic composition inside the deposit excluding the signal contribution from the substrate. Since carbon deposition due to residual background gases always occurs during EDX signal acquisition, this carbon content was determined using

• precursor flux is slightly lower. The square deposits show the earlier observed surface roughness for both of the precursors. The corresponding EDX quantification points to an even higher silver content in case of the AgO2F5Prop precursor, while the small amount of oxygen is comparable. The determined

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• generated in this order by the stepwise oxidation of H2O. On the other hand, the stepwise reduction of O2 generates •O2−, H2O2 and •OH. The detection or quantification of these ROSs in the presence of a reactant pollutant is crucial for practical applications and such quantification can be correlated to the

• the present review concern ROSs in aqueous suspensions of photocatalyst powders. However, in some cases, reactions under gaseous conditions, whose behaviour might be different from those in aqueous suspensions, were involved. Quantification methods for H2O2 Although the generated ROSs subsequently

• decay, H2O2 is the most stable of the molecules and can be detected separately. As of now, various methods have been employed for its quantification in photocatalysis reactions and could be classified as (1) direct optical absorption in UV and IR regions, (2) coloration and (3) fluorescence probe

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H₂FeRu₃(CO)₁₃ and comparison with HFeCo₃(CO)₁₂: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Paul Weirich,
• Lukas Hrachowina,
• Marc Hanefeld,
• Ragnar Bjornsson,
• Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
• Sven Barth,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Michael Huth and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• analysed using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Quantification of the QD fluorescence signal was performed using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software. Cell viability in 3D culture Cell viability in the 3D culture was analysed by propidium iodide (PI, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). MSCs

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• photoelectrons were applied for quantification. EALs were calculated using the standard TPP-2M formalism [55]. All spectra were referenced to the C1s peak of hydrocarbons at 285.0 eV binding energy controlled by means of the well-known photoelectron peaks of metallic Cu, Ag, and Au. Sputter depth profiles were

Co-reductive fabrication of carbon nanodots with high quantum yield for bioimaging of bacteria

• Jiajun Wang,
• Xia Liu,
• Gesmi Milcovich,
• Tzu-Yu Chen,
• Edel Durack,
• Sarah Mallen,
• Yongming Ruan,
• Xuexiang Weng and
• Sarah P. Hudson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 137–145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.16

• (Figure 5B). After confirming the bright feature behavior, Sb was further used to evaluate its bioimaging properties and bacteria viability range. First of all, a cytotoxicity quantification related to the applicable C-dot concentration range was assessed. Xag viability was evaluated following incubation

• viability. Quantification is reported as relative values to the negative control, where the negative control (untreated) is set to 100% viability. TEM and HRTEM (inset) images of (A) Sa, (B) Sb, (C) Se samples, and corresponding size (diameter) distribution ranges for (D) Sa, (E) Sb, and (F) Se. (A–C) UV

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)₂, Co₂(CO)₈ and Me₂Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Artur Rydosz,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Fanny Béron,
• Kleber R. Pirota,
• Stanislav Moshkalev,
• José Alexandre Diniz and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

• layer underneath the deposits was correctly taken into account, ensuring an exact determination of the composition of the thin film FEBID materials within the errors of standardless quantification. The variations of the elemental compositions differ between the three different FEB deposits investigated