A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), the comparison of the properties for both ACFP and ACFN was clarified. Chuang et al. [18] considered three different methods, i.e., impregnation, polyol, and microwave-heated polyol methods for the

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• fitting. Temperature evolution of the FTIR spectrum of SP1 imine obtained during heating in two spectral ranges: 1200–650 cm−1 (a) and between 1780–1220 cm−1 (b). Temperature evolution of the FT-MIR spectrum of SP2 imine obtained during heating between: (a) 3080 and 2800 cm−1 (left) and temperature

Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

• Fuat Topuz and
• Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

• smaller particle size than those produced with HP-functional CDs. FTIR, TGA and solid-state 13C NMR demonstrated the adsorption of CDs on the particle surfaces. The proposed concept allows for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles with control over particle shape and size by adjusting the concentration of

• , chemical analysis by FTIR and solid state 13C NMR, thermal properties and composition by TGA, and pore structure by WAXS. Results and Discussion Figure 2 shows the silica particles produced at β-CD concentrations of 0.5 and 1% (w/v) and constant tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) concentration of 1% (v/v). At these

• shape. EDX analysis of particles demonstrated the presence of carbon in addition to oxygen and silicone, suggesting physical attachment of CDs. FTIR was used to confirm adsorbed CDs on silica particles (Figure S1b, Supporting Information File 1). The peaks at 2860 and 2930 cm−1 are associated with the C

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• 45 kV and 100 mA. The scans were collected over a 2θ range of 10–90° with a scan rate of 2° per minute. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded for functional group analysis by using an Agilent K8002AA Carry 660 instrument. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out in order to

• phase purity of CT. Although the (002) peak of g-C3N4 could be evidenced in the diffraction pattern of the CTCN heterojunction, the (001) peak of g-C3N4 could not be seen, which could be attributed to its weak diffraction intensity in comparison to the other peaks. Furthermore, FTIR spectroscopy has

• –C units. The peaks at 1398 cm−1, 1540 cm−1 and 1636 cm−1 correspond to the stretching vibration of aromatic C–N bonds [16][34]. The broad peak from 3000–3600 cm−1 can be assigned to the terminal NH or NH2 groups of the aromatic rings and O–H stretching of surface hydroxyl groups [20]. The FTIR

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• reference value. In order to investigate the nature of possible functional groups at the aerogels surface, the samples were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. Figure 5a presents FTIR spectra obtained for rGO, rGO-Fe3O4 and rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 aerogels. From this figure one can notice the difference in intensity of

• Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Bruker Optics, TENSOR 27) equipped with a MCT detector and globar source. The chemical composition of the samples was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The measurements were performed in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber using a

• -Fe3O4 and rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 aerogel samples. FTIR absorption (a) and XPS survey (b) spectra of rGO, rGO-Fe3O4 and rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 aerogel samples. XPS C 1s, O 1s, N 1s and Fe 2p spectra of rGO, rGO-Fe3O4 and rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 aerogel samples. The intensity scales are the same for respective elements (in order to

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• compounds present in the spices will partially remain inside or at the surface of the C-dots after the hydrothermal process, leading to different photoluminescent and biomedical properties. The synthesized C-dots have been extensively characterized with UV–vis, fluorescence, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, DLS

• literature and it has been reported that they are biocompatible. TEM, DLS, XRD, FTIR and Raman spectra of C-dots TEM images showed that the obtained C-dots are spherical regardless of the starting material. As it can be observed in Figure 3, C-dots are uniform in size and shape. A TEM histogram was plotted

• characteristic peaks of graphene oxide [42][43][44], and they are also in agreement with the HR-TEM lattice distances measured. FTIR spectroscopy of the synthesized C-dots confirms the presence of different functional groups in each sample depending on the starting material. The FTIR spectrum of cinnamon C-dots

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• the carbonization treatment was complete, which is in good agreement with the FTIR and Raman data. Chemical properties The FTIR spectrum of the CNFs, PVA, GO, rGO, CNF/PVA/GO and CNF/PVA/GO carbon aerogels are shown in Figure 3. The CNFs exhibit FTIR absorption bands around 3323 cm−1 (the stretching

• moieties, C–OH and C–O vibrations, respectively. As shown in the spectrum of rGO (Figure 3d), most peaks corresponding to the carbon–oxygen functional groups disappeared, which indicates the complete reduction of GO. Figure 3e shows the FTIR spectrum of the CNF/PVA/GO aerogel. Simultaneously, the

• previous studies [19][29], which is in agreement with the SEM results. FTIR can only be used to detect signals from molecules with infrared activity. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy analysis was studied to detect the stretching vibration characteristic peak of homonuclear diatomic pairs. The Raman spectrum

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• , FESEM, UV–vis DRS, PL, FTIR and photocurrent measurements. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared material is studied with regard to the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) and Congo red under solar irradiation. The kinetic study showed that the material exhibits zeroth and first order reaction

• photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra were investigated by a JASCO-FP-8300 fluorescence spectrometer with an excitation wavelength of 330 nm. The chemical composition and vibrational modes of the ZFO samples were analysed by JASCO FTIR-4600. A ZEISS SUPRA 55 was used for FESEM analysis. Morphology and

• highest photocatalytic activity, which is in good agreement with the experimental photocatalytic activity (degradation of Congo red and Rh B) discussed later. FTIR analysis FTIR spectra of the ZFO samples were measured in the range of 4000–400 cm−1 (Figure 6). The bands in the region of 3600–3300 cm−1 and

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• ]) effects on the application and quality of composites. For this aim, many techniques have been developed such as Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Raman spectroscopy: Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to identify and quantify

• signals that mask the signals of other organic components. In such cases, tunable UV Raman spectroscopy may be used, although this technique is rarely used. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy: FTIR is often used to characterize molecular bonding on the CNT surface and to determine the modification of

• the CNT structure by adding compounds. It is very difficult to get a good FTIR spectrum of CNTs, thus attenuated total reflection (ATR) FTIR can be used (except with carbon crystal, when germanium is more suitable). The investigation of the intermolecular interaction between the polymer chain and CNT

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• FTIR spectrometer and a Spectrum RXI PerkinElmer, using KBr plates (400–4000 cm−1). The Cu content was determined with a Varian Spectr AA-20 Plus spectrophotometer. The content of C and H was determined CHNS Elemental Analyser-Euro Vector model 3018. The yield of the complexes synthesis was about 60

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• , TiO2-PMMх, and TiO2-PMMHх (see Experimental section for abbreviations). XRD patterns of the raw MM and TiO2-PMMx, and TiO2-PMMHx, where М, C, А, and R represent montmorillonite, cristobalite, anatase, and rutile phases, respectively. FTIR spectra of the raw MM, and TiO2-pillared MM. Thermogravimetric

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• degradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Bisphenol A (BPA) was chosen as a model pollutant under natural sunlight irradiation. Herein, the structural and optical properties of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence

• lattice fringes of the CDs were found to be about 0.24 nm (Figure 1f), which correlated with the (100) in-plane lattice spacing of graphene [45]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) Figure 2a shows the XRD patterns of all CD/g-C3N4 composites. A major diffraction

• . Characterization of CD/g-C3N4 composites FTIR spectra (Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400 spectrophotometer) were conducted in the range of 400–4000 cm−1 with the samples dispersed in KBr. The XRD analyses were performed using the powder XRD (PANalytical-Empyrean) with Cu Kα radiation at a scanning speed of 0.02 s−1. A

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• using an electrospinning technique followed by calcination, using sol–gel precursors and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a processing aid. The resulting samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET

• MoO2–CNF was successfully prepared through electrospinning. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of PAN fibers, as-prepared composite PAN/PMA fibers, and composite fibers calcined at different temperatures are illustrated in Figure 2. The FTIR spectra of PAN fibers and as-prepared

• treatments. XRD, FTIR and Raman results suggest that MO2–CNFs were obtained after being calcined at 550 °C and complete removal of the inorganic compound. The SEM images showed that the as-prepared MO2–CNF composite fibers had a smooth surface which turned to rough after calcination, revealing the increased

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). They were also characterized in terms of thermal stability, Ag+ ion release, catalytic and antibacterial activities. The materials synthesized via UV decomposition of AgNO3 demonstrated a much better catalytic activity in comparison to those prepared using

• main features in their FTIR spectra: a sharp low wavenumber peak at 769 cm−1 and a broad high wavenumber mode at 1359 cm−1 (spectra 1 and 3 in Figure 6), which correspond to out-of-plane B–N–B bending and in-plane B–N stretching vibrations, respectively [18][19]. The absorbance bands observed in the

• range of 800–1100 cm−1 were assigned to B–C and B–O–C bonds [20][21][22]. A small peak at 535 cm−1 in the FTIR spectrum of CVD BN/Ag HNMs (Figure 6 (inset)) indicates the oxidized state of Ag [23]. The partial oxidation of Ag during the CVD process appeared to occur during the cooling stage. Considering

Al₂O₃/TiO₂ inverse opals from electrosprayed self-assembled templates

• Arnau Coll,
• Sandra Bermejo,
• David Hernández and
• Luís Castañer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 216–223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.23

• , the reflectance of the fabricated samples has been measured over an area of 36 mm2 using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer with an integrating sphere. We have conducted characterization measurements on the three steps of our process: (A) after step 1 in Figure 1a, (B) after step 3 in

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• concentration. Experimental Characterization methods All chemicals were used as supplied. C, H, N analyses were carried out with an EuroEA 3300 instrument. IR spectra were recorded on a Bruker spectrophotometer using KBr discs or by using a Jasco FTIR 4200 spectrophotometer coupled to an ATR PIKE GladiATR

L-Lysine-grafted graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and metal ions

• Yan Yan,
• Jie Li,
• Fangbei Kong,
• Kuankuan Jia,
• Shiyu He and
• Baorong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2680–2688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.268

• materials were characterized by FTIR analysis (Figure 1). For GO, aromatic C=C and C=O stretching vibrations can be clearly seen at ca. 1630 and 1743 cm−1. The strong peaks around 3438 and 1400 cm−1 are ascribed to absorbed water. After L-lysine was grafted onto GO, the CH/CH2 stretching vibration of the

• -800, UK). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed on a Perkin-Elmer model 2000 FTIR spectrophotometer using the Spectrum v. 2.00 software package. MB solution was analyzed using a UV spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-2550) by monitoring the absorbance changes at the wavelength of

• 324.8 nm. FTIR analysis of the obtained GO and Lys-GO. (a) XPS survey spectrum of Lys-GO, (b) C 1s XPS spectrum of Lys-GO, (c) N 1s XPS spectrum of Lys-GO and (d) O 1s spectrum of Lys-GO. SEM images of Lys-GO (A) and GO (B). Effect of solution pH value on the adsorption of (a) MB (C0 = 500 mg/L) and (b

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• (1H NMR, CDCl3 δ = 7.26; 13C{1H} NMR, CDCl3 δ = 77.16 ppm) or by external standards (31P{1H} NMR relative to 85% H3PO4 0.0 ppm and P(OMe)3 139.0 ppm). The FTIR spectra were recorded using a Thermo Nicolet IR 200 instrument. Vapor pressure experiments were performed with a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC1 1100

Substrate and Mg doping effects in GaAs nanowires

• Perumal Kannappan,
• Nabiha Ben Sedrine,
• Jennifer P. Teixeira,
• Maria R. Soares,
• Bruno P. Falcão,
• Maria R. Correia,
• Nestor Cifuentes,
• Emilson R. Viana,
• Marcus V. B. Moreira,
• Geraldo M. Ribeiro,
• Alfredo G. de Oliveira,
• Juan C. González and
• Joaquim P. Leitão

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2126–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.212

• a Bruker IFS 66v Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer equipped with a liquid nitrogen cooled Ge detector. The samples were inserted in a helium flux cryostat that allowed temperature control in the range T = 5–300 K. The excitation wavelength was the 514.5 nm line of an Ar+ laser, focused

Preparation and characterization of polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites

• Claudio Larosa,
• Niranjan Patra,
• Marco Salerno,
• Lara Mikac,
• Remo Merijs Meri and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2026–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.203

• of MWCNTs on the structure and properties of the composites. The nanocomposites were characterized by DSC, DTA, TGA, UV–vis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the changes induced by the filler in the polymer matrix. UV–vis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy measurements confirmed the presence of the

• characterized by UV–vis spectrometry using a Cary 6000i spectrometer by Varian, UK, in double beam configuration with empty reference sample position. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of PC/MWCNT composites with different loadings was carried out in the range of 600–4000 cm−1 on a Bruker Vertex 70

• solvent helps to overcome the van der Waals interaction in the nanotubes, eventually leading to better dispersion. Figure 3 shows the normalized FTIR absorption spectra of principal absorbance bands of the investigated PC/MWCNT nanocomposite films. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated to be a useful tool to

Advances and challenges in the field of plasma polymer nanoparticles

• Andrei Choukourov,
• Pavel Pleskunov,
• Daniil Nikitin,
• Valerii Titov,
• Artem Shelemin,
• Mykhailo Vaidulych,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Pavel Solař,
• Jan Hanuš,
• Jaroslav Kousal,
• Ondřej Kylián,
• Danka Slavínská and
• Hynek Biederman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2002–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.200

• shows the NPs produced by plasma polymerization from the mixtures of n-hexane with Ar and with nitrogen, and for comparison Figure 5c shows the NPs produced by RF magnetron sputtering of nylon in the Ar/N2 mixture [54]. The chemical composition of these NPs is shown in Figure 6a in terms of FTIR spectra

• addition of oxygen. FTIR and XPS (Figure 8a,b) analyses demonstrate the organosilicon character of the NPs produced without O2 and its gradual transfer to the inorganic state with the addition of O2. The gas phase composition can be optimized to produce nearly stoichiometric SiO2 NPs (Figure 7c), which are

• -hexane in its mixture with N2 (total pressure 88 Pa, discharge power 40 W, C6H14 flow 1.2 sccm, N2 flow 12.2 sccm); c) by RF magnetron sputtering of nylon in the Ar/N2 3:1 mixture (obtained in a similar manner as [54]). Chemical composition of nitrogen-containing NPs shown in Figure 5: a) FTIR spectra; b

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces

• Patrícia M. Amorim,
• Ana M. Ferraria,
• Rogério Colaço,
• Luís C. Branco and
• Benilde Saramago

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197

• days. The pure product was obtained as a brown viscous liquid (8.4g, 78%). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ 3.87 (s, 3H), 4.84 (d, J = 4.00 Hz, 2H), 5.33 (m, 2H), 6.04 (m, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 4.00 Hz, 2H), 9.09 ppm (s, 1H); 19F NMR (DMSO-d6, 282 MHz) δ −77.99, −77.62 ppm; FTIR (KBr) : 518.86, 575.30, 642.20

• ), 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 9.50 ppm (s, 1H); FTIR (KBr) : 585.28, 620.68, 781.43, 847.05, 919.84, 959.21, 1013.61, 1060.70, 1118.96, 1173.10, 1389.78, 1453.22, 1552.34, 1574.08, 1655.44, 2361.69, 2988.76, 3145.11, 3437.22 cm−1; Anal. calcd for C8H14N2O4S·(1.1H2O): C, 37.82; H, 6.43; N

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

• Dafu Wei,
• Youwei Zhang and
• Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

• measurements were repeated three times and the average values are given. The FTIR spectra were obtained using a Nicolet Magna 550 spectrometer and KBr pellets. The Raman spectra were obtained from a Jobin Yvon T64000 Raman system. The excitation was at 514.5 nm. The laser power was set to 35 mW. The C, H and N

• PAN seed nanoparticles and the PAN–PMMA nanoparticles, determined by elemental analysis. The WR value of PAN-PMMA1, PAN-PMMA2, and PAN-PMMA3 was 1.136, 2.238 and 3.179, respectively (See Supporting Information File 1, Table S2 ). FTIR analysis Figure 3 displays the FTIR spectra of PAN nanoparticles

• basis of the results of DLS, FTIR, TEM and SEM, it can be concluded that the PAN–PMMA nanoparticles with PAN cores and PMMA shells were successfully synthesized by the two-stage AIBN-initiated semicontinuous emulsion polymerization, although MMA is more hydrophobic than AN. Additionally, the undesirable

Application of visible-light photosensitization to form alkyl-radical-derived thin films on gold

• Rashanique D. Quarels,
• Xianglin Zhai,
• Neepa Kuruppu,
• Jenny K. Hedlund,
• Ashley A. Ellsworth,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Jayne C. Garno and
• Justin R. Ragains

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1863–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.187

• Professor Daniel Kuroda (LSU Dept. of Chemistry) for helpful discussions and assistance with FTIR.

Synthesis and functionalization of NaGdF₄:Yb,Er@NaGdF₄ core–shell nanoparticles for possible application as multimodal contrast agents

• Dovile Baziulyte-Paulaviciene,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas,
• Marius Stasys,
• Greta Jarockyte,
• Vilius Poderys,
• Simas Sakirzanovas and
• Ricardas Rotomskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1815–1824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.183

• . The mean diameter of the synthesized core and core–shell nanoparticles was ≈8 and ≈16 nm, respectively. Hydrophobic UCNPs were converted into hydrophilic ones using a nonionic surfactant Tween 80. The successful coating of the UCNPs by Tween 80 has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR

• 80. The presence of the Tween 80 coating was verified by comparing its FTIR spectra to that of pure oleic acid, oleate ligands coated particles, pure Tween 80, and the final coated nanoparticles (Figure 3). NaGdF4:Yb,Er UCNPs prepared in the presence of oleic acid shows characteristic absorption

• ), respectively. The adsorption peaks at 1730 and 1094 cm−1 are attributed to the ester group stretching. The band at 946 cm−1 is present, which corresponds to the ether bond from the aliphatic ester chains (Figure 3c). The FTIR data of UCNPs@Tween80 (Figure 3d) is highly comparable with that of pure Tween 80