A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• the results of the proposed nanosensor. A stock solution (1 mM) of PT was prepared in 99.9% ethanol (Empura, Merck). A 5 mL volume of working solutions of 1 to 35 µM was prepared in ethanol for monitoring the UV spectra in the range of 200–400 nm with a scan rate of 2 nm/s. The absorbance change of PT

• modified electrodes was carried out in 5 mM of [Fe(CN)6]3− and [Fe(CN)6]4− with 0.1 M KCl within the frequency range from 1 MHz to 0.01 Hz, amplitude of 10 mV, at a fixed potential of 0.28 V. The UV–visible absorbance spectra were obtained on a UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer (SHIMADZU UV-3600). The Raman

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• completed with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10 μL cell counting kit-8 reagent (CCK-8) and incubated for 2 h. Then, the samples were washed with HEPES buffer. A microplate reader was used to measure the absorbance at 450 nm. Each group had six parallel wells, and the experiment was repeated three times

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• spectrophotometric measurements. Immediately after mixing, the absorbance at λ = 253 nm was recorded for 5 or 15 min using 1 min time intervals at 25 °C. A blank solution was prepared by mixing Nα-benzoyl-ʟ-arginine ethyl ester substrate solution (2 mL, 0.375 mM) in PBS buffer (pH 7.6) with 1 mM HCl (0.125 mL), and

• , 0.375 mM) in PBS buffer (pH 7.6) with 1 mM HCl (0.125 mL) and trypsin solution (0.075 mL) in 1 mM HCl in cuvettes for UV–vis spectrophotometric measurements. Immediately after mixing, the absorbance at λ = 253 nm was recorded for 5 or 15 min using 1 min time intervals. The blank solutions were prepared

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• , while the visible-range emission is induced by recombination between holes and the electrons in a deep defect level. This defect emission energy matches with the surface plasmon absorbance energy of Au NPs; therefore, it can absorb the visible-emission energy of ZnO NRs. The exact mechanism is described

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• gradually disappeared (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2c). Figure S2d (Supporting Information File 1) shows that the scavenging rate of GSH at 8 µg·mL−1 was up to 93.3%. Figure 3a shows that the UV–vis absorbance of diluted ABTS+ solution incubated with different concentrations of MZG nanoparticles

• different concentrations of H2O2 (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mM), UV–vis absorption spectra and the size of the MZG nanoparticles were measured. The UV–vis absorbance of MZG nanoparticles from 300 to 400 nm (Figure 3e) decreased with the increase of H2O2 concentration. Also, the size of MZG nanoparticles was

• tested by DLS. The result showed that the size also decreased dramatically with the increase of H2O2 concentration. The UV–vis absorbance and size of MZG nanoparticles obviously changed at 1 mM of H2O2, indicating that there was a ROS-responsive disassembly of MZG nanoparticles (Figure 3f). Cell

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• show that clustered magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles induce a redshift in the light absorption spectra, which enhances light absorbance within the NIR region and improves their utilization as photosensitizers during PTT to ablate lung tumors [16]. However, the role of Fe3O4 nanoparticle clusters in the

• irradiation (power density of 1 W·cm−2 for 10 min). After another 24 h, cells were examined by light microscopy and MTT assays were performed as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The Optical absorbance was measured at 490 nm using a microplate reader. Cell viability was calculated as percentage of the OD

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• concentrations by making dilutions from a 200 µg/mL ampicillin trihydrate stock. Absorbance values were measured at a wavelength of 213 nm (y = 0.0309x + 0.0466, r2 = 0.9984). Morphology of electrospun nanofibers Nanofibers were firstly gold-coated and the morphology of the electrospun nanofibers was observed on

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• to SPION which has strong absorbance in the visible window of the electromagnetic spectrum. A tremendous enhancement in the poor, mostly unrecognized and unutilized blue luminescence of bPEI was achieved when it was used as a coating on SPION crystals. We suggested that the partial oxidation of the

• Erb. The amount of Erb conjugated to nanoparticles was quantified by the Bradford assay. The unbound Erb removed by dialysis was then concentrated. This solution (1 mL) was mixed with 1 mL of the Bradford Reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) for 10 min at room temperature, and then its absorbance at 595 nm

• was recorded using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-3600 UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer). A calibration curve was prepared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at concentration values of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 µg/mL in PBS to enable a correlation between the measured absorbance and protein

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• discharge current from 10 to 40 mA during the sputtering of Ag onto 1-butyl-1-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) leads not only to a higher total Ag concentration in the solution and a subsequent increase of absorbance of the solution at the SPR peak maximum but also to an increase in the size

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

Enhancement of the piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF-TrFe/CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites through DC magnetic poling

• Marco Fortunato,
• Alessio Tamburrano,
• Maria Paola Bracciale,
• Maria Laura Santarelli and
• Maria Sabrina Sarto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1262–1270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.93

• using following equation [28]: where Aα and Aβ are the absorbance at 763 and 840 cm−1, respectively, for the α and β phases, and Kα and Kβ are the absorption coefficients at the corresponding wavenumbers (7.7 × 104 and 6.1 × 104 cm2·mol−1, respectively). As it can be seen from Figure 1, the spectra of

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• monitoring the absorbance of p-nitrophenol at 400 nm. The catalytic formation of p-nitrophenol started within the first three minutes and then gradually increased. The catalytic rate constant of metal nanoparticles was higher than that of lipase (6.00 × 10−2 and 6.95 × 10−3 s−1, respectively). In addition

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• current injections of 100 mA have shown clear enhancements for both types of AuNP in Figure 4a and Figure 4b. Surface plasmon resonance absorbance tends to blueshift with decreasing sizes of the NP. Therefore, the 2 nm AuNP were able to enhance the blue emission from the LED. A similar effect was also

A Au/CuNiCoS₄/p-Si photodiode: electrical and morphological characterization

• Adem Koçyiğit,
• Adem Sarılmaz,
• Teoman Öztürk,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Murat Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 984–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.74

• results of the CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals confirmed that the nanocrystals are suitable for interfacial layers of photodiodes. Optical properties The optical properties of CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals were investigated by absorbance and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (Figure 3). As can be seen in Figure 3a, the

• from 1200 to 300 nm, which is compatible with the absorbance result. The optical bandgap of thiospinel CuNiCoS4 was calculated from the Tauc and Kubelka–Munk equations. The graph of (F(R∞)hν)2 as function of the photon energy was plotted to estimate the bandgap of nanocrystals with direct band

• illustration and (b) band diagram of the fabricated Au/CuNiCoS4/p-Si photodiode. (a) XRD pattern and crystal structure model, (b) TEM image, (c) HR-TEM interplanar spacing image, (d) FE-SEM image and (e) EDS pattern of the CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals. (a) Absorbance spectroscopy graph (inset figure: diffuse

Impact of GaAs(100) surface preparation on EQE of AZO/Al₂O₃/p-GaAs photovoltaic structures

• Piotr Caban,
• Rafał Pietruszka,
• Jarosław Kaszewski,
• Monika Ożga,
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski,
• Krzysztof Kopalko,
• Piotr Kuźmiuk,
• Katarzyna Gwóźdź,
• Ewa Płaczek-Popko,
• Krystyna Lawniczak-Jablonska and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 578–592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.48

• characteristics were collected under standard test conditions (STC) using a PET solar simulator, model #SS100AAA. UV–vis absorbance and reflectance measurements were conducted with the use of a Varian Cary 5000 spectrophotometer equipped with a DRA 2500 integrating sphere accessory. The XPS measurements were

• substrate. Before the ALD deposition process, the glass sample underwent only an initial cleaning (stage 1). In this case the absorbance spectra were collected. The data was then processed in order to get the Tauc’s plot of (αhν)2 as a function of the energy in eV, following the equation: (αhν)2 = B(hν – Eg

• ), where α is the energy-dependent absorption coefficient, B is the constant and Eg is the bandgap energy [47]. Within the obtained plot, the relevant area of rapid linear absorbance growth was extrapolated accordingly, pointing the value of 3.23 eV (the crossing point with the abscissa) as the bandgap of

Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• photothermal effect, the Au@Pt NRs solution was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation with different power density values. It can be clearly observed from Figure 5c that as the power density increases, the temperature also increases. Similarly, the absorbance of the Au@Pt NRs solution is also positively

• -state temperatures of the solution, respectively, QO is the heat dissipated from light absorbed by the cuvette and the deionized water, I is the incident laser power (2 W), and Aλ is the absorbance of the solution at 808 nm. QO was measured in an independent experiment. In our system, it was calculated

A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization

• Gabriel M. Misirli,
• Kishore Sridharan and
• Shirley M. P. Abrantes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• performance [47][48]. Furthermore, the material removal reduces the thermal coupling of the central device area to the supporting substrate. As graphene is a single-atomic layer, it exhibits the lowest possible heat capacity per unit area of the material [48]. Its broadband spectral absorbance [49], in

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• conversion of absorbed NIR light to heat. In cancer intervention, NIR-mediated photothermal therapy is gaining more attention due to the deep tissue penetration with minimal absorbance by healthy tissues [15][16]. Gold nanorods are potential delivery carriers for sustained drug release in response to an

• hemoglobin in the supernatant of GNPs-RBCs mixture by monitoring absorbance intensity at 570 nm. The absence of a marked hemotoxicity of this sample is mainly related to the presence of the polymer. The GNR surface had no direct contact with the RBCs because it was completely passivated by the PSS coating

Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Sahar Pourhoseini,
• Reilly T. Enos,
• Angela E. Murphy,
• Bo Cai and
• Jamie R. Lead

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23

• after 24 h was measured and the results are presented in Figure 2. A decrease in the UV–vis absorbance was observed for all concentrations. A small redshift and a broadening of the Ag peak, especially for the 1000 µg·L−1 PVP-AgNP concentration was observed after 24 h of exposure. The values of full

• solution was added to each well and the LDH activity of the samples was assessed by measuring NADH absorbance at 490 nm. Cell metabolic activity was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS; Promega, Madison, WI) assay. The MTS assay

Effect of different silica coatings on the toxicity of upconversion nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Helena Oliveira and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 35–48, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.3

• Biotec). The absorbance was recorded at 570 nm using a microtiter plate reader (Synergy HT, BioTeK Instruments Inc). The percentage of cell growth inhibition was calculated using Equation 2: Cell cycle analysis The cell cycle was analyzed by using flow cytometry, according to the method previously

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• equilibrium. The suspension was then irradiated under a UV light source under constant stirring. The photocatalytic reaction was monitored using UV–vis spectroscopy on each solution aliquot (1 mL) taken at 10 min intervals. The UV–vis spectra recorded at the maximum absorbance for methyl violet dye (464 nm

Nanocasting synthesis of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Thomas Cadenbach,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• A. Lucia Morales,
• Cesar Costa Vera,
• Luis Lascano,
• Francisco Quiroz,
• Alexis Debut and
• Karla Vizuete

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1822–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.164

• separate the catalyst powder from the solution. The absorbance of each sample during photocatalysis was measured at the maximum absorption peak of RhB. Characterization techniques and equipment The structure and phase purity of the nanomaterials synthesized here were characterized using powder X-ray

• absorbance peak of RhB at 553 nm decreased over time (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). A closer inspection of that peak also reveals a blueshift of the maximum peak intensity from 553 to 548 nm due to the formation of intermediate species upon cleavage of the conjugated chromophore or removal

• particles (b) particle size analysis (c) particles synthesized by a previously reported co-precipitation method, avg. size 20 nm (d) bulk material. Absorbance spectra and Tauc plot (inset) for 5.5 nm BiFeO3 nanoparticles. Photocatalytic degradation of RhB as a function of irradiation time under visible

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• stored overnight at 4 °C. The different DOX-loaded formulations were centrifugated 3–5 times for separating unencapsulated drugs. The supernatant liquid was stored for measuring the absorbance at 480 nm by UV–vis spectroscopy according to the preestablished standard curve. The drug loading efficiency (LE

• , the same volume of fresh PBS was supplied in the release medium. The concentration of released DOX in all samples was determined by measuring the UV absorbance. The cumulative release rate of DOX was calculated and the measurements were repeated for three times, averaging the results. Cell viability

• dissolve the formazan crystals. The absorbance of the final solution was measured at a wavelength of 570 nm using a microplate spectrophotometer (SpectraMax iD5) to calculate the cell viability. Groups without treatment were used as control. Cellular uptake of DOX-loaded nanocarriers The drug delivery in

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• (PBS) to remove detached dead cells and the formazan crystals were solubilized in DMSO. The absorbance was measured using a microplate reader at 570 nm. The relative cell viability (%) compared to non-treated cells was calculated by [abs] sample/[abs] control × 100. Transfection efficiency assay HL-1