Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• the same FE-SEM with an EDX large-area silicon-drift detector (Oxford X-Max 50), using an accelerating voltage of 15 kV with a counting time of 5 min per spot. Bright-field transmission electron microscopy (BF-TEM) images were taken with a JEOL1400 instrument equipped with a CCD camera. For sample

Small protein sequences can induce cellular uptake of complex nanohybrids

• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Malak Safi,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Fadi Aldeek,
• Johannes Ostermann,
• Tatiana Domitrovic,
• Sebastian Gärtner,
• John E. Johnson,
• Horst Weller and
• Hedi Mattoussi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2477–2482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.238

• ), and QDs in yellow. The images clearly indicate that QDs and Cy5-transferrin do not co-localize. In addition, the dark signals observed in bright field mode, coincide with the yellow fluorescence emitted when we switch to fluorescence mode. This indicates that these spot signals are assemblies of

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• , eliminating any potential changes in catalytic activity due to alloying in the Ag–Pt and Ag–Rh bimetallic systems. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy measurements were made using an OceanOptics USB200 UV–vis spectrometer. Bright-field images of NPs were obtained with a Zeiss Libra transmission electron microscope

• (TEM) operating at 120 kV. High-resolution bright-field imaging was carried out with a FEI Titan TEM operating at 300 kV. Catalytic activity was obtained in the following manner: To 1.0 mL distilled water, 5 μL of fresh 10−2 M 4-nitrophenol solution and 0.5 mL of 50 μg/mL catalyst suspension was added

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• Milli-Q, and studied with AFM and SEM. Cells recognition by imprints The recognition of HeLa cells with imprints was visualised using bright-field optical microscopy (Axio Imager Z2, Carl Zeiss), and laser confocal microscopy (LSM 780: 405 nm and 633 nm lasers). For fluorescence microscopy imaging

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• spectrometer (ICPMS) (Agilent, Waldbronn, Germany). Visualization was performed using a TEM 902A instrument (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). The microscope was operated in the bright-field mode and at an acceleration voltage of 80 kV. The TEM samples were prepared on a Formvar®-coated copper grid (SPI

Direct observation of oxygen-vacancy formation and structural changes in Bi₂WO₆ nanoflakes induced by electron irradiation

• Hong-long Shi,
• Bin Zou,
• Zi-an Li,
• Min-ting Luo and
• Wen-zhong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1434–1442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.141

• before and after the visible light irradiation, respectively. (a) Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum of Bi2WO6 nanoflowers, the inset is a typical SEM image; (b) TEM bright-field image and SAED pattern from the analysis region marked by the red dashed circle; (c) XRD pattern (black) and intensity profile

Fabrication of phase masks from amorphous carbon thin films for electron-beam shaping

• Lukas Grünewald,
• Dagmar Gerthsen and
• Simon Hettler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1290–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.128

• prepared by FIB milling. Bright-field TEM imaging (Figure 4c) reveals the desired sinusoidal thickness profile. However, a large offset thickness (t0 = 67 nm) and a comparably small amplitude thickness (ta = 36 nm) are visible. This observation is unexpected because a few more repetitions lead to the

• is visible as a dark ring around the patterned structure in Figure 5a,b. Slight bulging of the aC film is also visible at the aperture edges. Cross-section samples were again prepared by FIB milling and investigated by bright-field TEM (Figure 5c,d). This time, the PMs were embedded between two

• with kρ = 10 µm−1 for (a) a FIB-prepared and (b) a floated aC thin film. Since the latter is smoother, the sinusoidal structure has a better quality. (c) The generated sinusoidal structure is visible in the bright-field TEM image of a cross-section lamella of a PM with kρ = 5 µm−1. Pt was deposited on

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• concentrations of AuNR-PDA-R123-folate or AuNR-PDA-R123-PEG after (A) 24 h and (B) 48 h of incubation. (C) The microscopy images of HeLa (F+) and HEK 293 (F−) cells after treatment with AuNR-PDA-R123-folate or AuNR-PDA-R123-PEG for 2 h. BF: bright-field imaging; Fluor: fluorescence imaging. Temperature changes

Enhancement in thermoelectric properties due to Ag nanoparticles incorporated in Bi₂Te₃ matrix

• Srashti Gupta,
• Dinesh Chandra Agarwal,
• Bathula Sivaiah,
• Sankarakumar Amrithpandian,
• Kandasami Asokan,
• Ajay Dhar,
• Binaya Kumar Panigrahi,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Vinay Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 634–643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.63

• with Bi2Te3. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images of Bi2Te3:Ag samples annealed at 573 K are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3a,b shows the bright-field image and the HRTEM image of the as-prepared Bi2Te3 samples with

• the small triangular and hexagonal nanoparticles are in the range of 40–70 nm. Figure 3c,d shows the bright-field image and the HRTEM image of Bi2Te3 samples with 5% Ag annealed at 573 K. Figure 3e,f shows the bright-field image and the HRTEM image of Bi2Te3 samples with 20% Ag annealed at 573 K with

• bright-field image and the HRTEM image of the Bi2Te3 sample 5% Ag annealed at 773 K. One can observe nanoparticles with 3D hexagonal structures along with smaller hexagonal structures which vary from 40 to 80 nm for the large structures and from 2 to 20 nm for the small structures. Figure 4b of Bi2Te3

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• (NC-CeO2). Vertical lines indicates the position and relative intensity of cubic cerium(IV) oxide crystal phase (ICDD card no. 34-0394). TEM micrographs of CeO2/polystyrene hybrid nanocapsules (sample NC-CeO2): a) bright-field image (inset shows the electron diffraction of the shown capsule); b) dark

Advanced scanning probe lithography using anatase-to-rutile transition to create localized TiO₂ nanorods

• Julian Kalb,
• Vanessa Knittel and
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 412–418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.40

• in cold tap water. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken with a Zeiss CrossBeam 1540XB. An Olympus BX51 optical microscope with a 250× objective was employed for bright-field optical images. For reference samples prepared by electron-beam lithography, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA

• yellow rectangles and labeled by yellow numbers. The lines in area 1 are scratched 32 times per line, in area 2, 64 times per line, in area 3, 128 times per line and in area 4, only twice per line. Panel D is a bright-field image taken with an optical microscope of the same area as shown in panel C. The

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO₂ nanostructures of various morphologies

• Venkataramana Bonu,
• Binaya Kumar Sahu,
• Arindam Das,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Sandip Dhara and
• Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

• the TEM images of the square-shaped NWs. A TEM bright field image of square-shaped NW is shown in Figure 2a. The high-resolution TEM image of the single square type NWs shows the crystalline (101) plane which belongs to the rutile tetragonal SnO2 with a d spacing value of 2.65 Å. (Figure 2b). The

Site-specific growth of oriented ZnO nanocrystal arrays

• Rekha Bai,
• Dinesh K. Pandya,
• Sujeet Chaudhary,
• Veer Dhaka,
• Vladislav Khayrudinov,
• Jori Lemettinen,
• Christoffer Kauppinen and
• Harri Lipsanen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 274–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.26

• Figure 4. Figure 4a,b shows the low-resolution bright-field TEM images of the hexagonal-shaped twinned S600 ZnO NCs. The figures reveal a smooth and clean surface with flat hexagonal terraces at the top of ZnO NCs having width/diagonal D ≈ 600 nm, which is consistent with the observed FESEM in Figure 2d

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• surface areas ranging from 66.3 m2/g to 163.9 m2/g, indicating a small size of the particles confirmed by bright-field TEM imaging (see AS values in Table 2). Since the particle sizes in the range of 1–10 nm are comparable to the size of DNA, they may cause toxic and mutagenic effects [49][50]. Therefore

A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified layered double hydroxide: preparation, characterization and properties

• Xianwei Zhang,
• Zhongzhu Ma,
• Hong Fan,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jintao Wan and
• Philippe Dubois

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3053–3068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.284

• -ray excitation source. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were recorded on an HT-7700 microscope with an acceleration voltage of 100.0 kV and bright-field illumination. The samples were dispersed in methanol/water mixed solvent, dropped onto carbon-coated copper grid and dried in a fume

Accurate control of the covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the electro-enzymatically controlled oxidation of biomolecules

• Naoual Allali,
• Veronika Urbanova,
• Mathieu Etienne,
• Xavier Devaux,
• Martine Mallet,
• Brigitte Vigolo,
• Jean-Joseph Adjizian,
• Chris P. Ewels,
• Sven Oberg,
• Alexander V. Soldatov,
• Edward McRae,
• Yves Fort,
• Manuel Dossot and
• Victor Mamane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2750–2762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.257

• 80 kV in order to minimize knock-on damage to the samples. HRSTEM images were recorded using an electron beam with a probe-size of about 0.12 nm. High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) and bright-field (BF) images were simultaneously recorded with a semi-angle of collection of respectively 45–180 mrad

Size-selected Fe₃O₄–Au hybrid nanoparticles for improved magnetism-based theranostics

• Maria V. Efremova,
• Yulia A. Nalench,
• Eirini Myrovali,
• Anastasiia S. Garanina,
• Ivan S. Grebennikov,
• Polina K. Gifer,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Marina Spasova,
• Makis Angelakeris,
• Alexander G. Savchenko,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia L. Klyachko,
• Alexander G. Majouga and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2684–2699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.251

• varied while holding the Fe3O4/Au phase volume ratio almost constant. Additionally, the crystallographic orientation of Fe3O4 and Au for samples MNP-15 (with in situ synthesized Au seeds) and MNP-25 (with presynthesized Au seeds) was evaluated using bright-field high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging

• taken in conventional bright-field TEM mode. The samples were prepared by casting and evaporating a droplet of hexane solution onto a carbon-coated copper grid (300 mesh). The average diameter of NPs was calculated from TEM images by analysis of about 500 NPs for each sample using ImageJ software

• . Selected samples were investigated in bright-field high-resolution mode using a FEI Tecnai F20 microscope operated at 200 kV acceleration voltage. The Fe and Au concentrations in the samples were measured by microwave-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Agilent 4200 MP-AES, USA) for the NPs

Polarization-dependent strong coupling between silver nanorods and photochromic molecules

• Gwénaëlle Lamri,
• Alessandro Veltri,
• Jean Aubard,
• Pierre-Michel Adam,
• Nordin Felidj and
• Anne-Laure Baudrion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2657–2664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.247

• . A halogen lamp is used to illuminate the sample from the glass side and the transmitted light is recorded through a 20× bright-field objective. The signal is then sent to a spectrometer to record extinction spectra. The Figure 1b shows typical extinction spectra recorded on five different nanorod

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• increased. This allows us to hypothesise that the concentration (obtained from AO/EB results) and exposure time play a crucial role in the antineoplastic evolution of CaP@5-FU NPs. The morphological visualization of the HCT-15 and HEK 293 cells after incubation with CaP@5-FU NPs was performed by bright

• -field microscopy and demonstrated considerable morphological changes as depicted in Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1. Membrane blebbing determination by FE-SEM As the cell progress into the apoptosis phase, the distinct formation of bleb on the plasma membrane is the most obvious

High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• variations. Contrast changes in the lateral direction are due to diffraction contrast arising from the columnar film microstructure, which was distinctly observed in bright-field TEM (Figure 4a) and in high-resolution bright-field TEM (HRTEM) images (Figure 4b), and even affects the HAADF TEM image (not

• and Hall slope ΔRH normalized by the corresponding values at T = 320 K. TEM images of the film cross section after annealing (sample GM3): (a) bright-field image, (b) HRTEM image. (a,d) HRTEM images of sample areas. (b,e) Corresponding two-dimensional Fourier spectra. (c,f) Calculated electronograms

Thickness-dependent photoelectrochemical properties of a semitransparent Co₃O₄ photocathode

• Malkeshkumar Patel and
• Joondong Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2432–2442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.228

• flawless Co3O4/FTO interface, which is desirable for efficient transport of photogenerated charges. Moreover, the TEM image shows the nanocrystalline nature of the porous Co3O4 due to the Kirkendall diffusion that drove the thermal oxidation of Co nanoparticles on the FTO layer. The bright-field

Droplet-based synthesis of homogeneous magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Christian D. Ahrberg,
• Ji Wook Choi and
• Bong Geun Chung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2413–2420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.226

• of hot-melt adhesive. The remaining tubing after the junction was submerged in a water bath and the end was placed into a vial filled with water for sample collection. For droplet experiments the formation of droplets was recorded using a bright-field microscope (IX37, Olympus, Japan). Droplet

High-throughput synthesis of modified Fresnel zone plate arrays via ion beam lithography

• Kahraman Keskinbora,
• Umut Tunca Sanli,
• Margarita Baluktsian,
• Corinne Grévent,
• Markus Weigand and
• Gisela Schütz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2049–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.194

• including the stage travel and calculation overhead. The cross-shaped reflected intensity pattern seen in all the FZPs in Figure 4b is a polarized bright-field optical microscope image and a sign of overall high quality [46]. The cross shape rotates as the polarization is varied between 0° and 90°. The dark

• ) Bright-field optical microscopy image of the array under polarized light. The familiar cross-shaped reflected light from the FZPs is an indicator of high quality. c) Dark-field optical image without the polarizer. The blue-shifted reflected intensity from inner zones to outer zones is attributed to

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• secondary ion mass spectrometry experiments as described elsewhere, which leads to a modified octagon and pole-pieces [59]. The bright-field (BF) TEM images were recorded in the He+ and Ne+ craters using Gatan on-axis CCD camera with 2k × 2k pixel array (Figure 8). Raman spectroscopy was done prior to TEM