Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• number of beads and the formation of fibers with a more dispersed structure, likely reflecting insufficient polymer chain entanglement and Taylor cone instability. This behavior appears to result from interactions between NE-βCp droplets and HA chains, which may disrupt the jet and hinder solvent

• to 0.75% HA showed a higher density of beads, suggesting insufficient polymer chain entanglement, which may have impaired fiber stretching during the electrospinning process. Among the tested concentrations, 1.00% HA yielded the most uniform fibers. This effect may result from a more favorable

• balance between chain entanglement and viscosity: compared to 0.75%, the solution exhibited increased entanglement, while its viscosity remained lower than that of the 1.25% solution, facilitating better core dragging by the shell solution. In the coaxial electrospinning process, the optimal ratio between

Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology

• Rousilândia de Araujo Silva,
• Igor Eduardo Silva Arruda,
• Luise Lopes Chaves,
• Mônica Felts de La Roca Soares and
• Jose Lamartine Soares Sobrinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1751–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.122

• , secreted or cell-bound, which form a viscoelastic gel through entanglement and cross-linking. These properties contribute to the protective and lubricating functions of mucus. These functions are performed through steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions with various substances [6]. Mucin is an

• -mucoadhesive particles can penetrate the mucus of the small and large intestine, spreading across nearly the entire tissue surface and facilitating drug delivery for systemic applications. This behavior occurs because surface properties influence polymer–mucus interactions, altering the entanglement density of

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• of these two models are based on different mechanisms, as described in Figure 6. MP removal by BC filter columns is primarily facilitated by the fixation of particles through filtration effects, entanglement due to surface roughness and hydrophobic interactions [47]. The negatively charged surfaces

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• , hydrogen bonding, disulfide bond formation, or physical entanglement of polymers within the mesh-like mucus structure [9][10]. Sodium alginate is a linear polysaccharide composed of 1,4-linked β-ᴅ-mannuronic acid and α-ʟ-guluronic acid residues. Alginate can be used to form porous matrix-type drug delivery

Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review

• Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh,
• Amalina Muhammad Afifi,
• Fathiah Mohamed Zuki and
• Hanna Sofia SalehHudin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 286–307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.22

• entanglement and promoting fiber formation [58]. A summary of the applications of chitosan/PVA nanofibers is provided in Table 2. PVA is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in various industries because of its versatile properties. Its water solubility allows for a wide range of applications, while its carbon

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• , and spin–photon entanglement), and detection (involving single-photon detectors). Keywords: integrated photonics; lithium niobate; photonic bandgap; photonic crystal; titanium dioxide; Introduction One-dimensional photonic crystals (PhCs) are electromagnetic media in which materials are periodically

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• increases, entanglement and interaction of polymer chains will occur to a greater extent, resulting in an increase in elastic properties of the fibers [54]. Polymer molecular weight The molecular weight of the polymer is another important parameter regarding electrospinning as it affects solution viscosity

Cooper pair splitting controlled by a temperature gradient

• Dmitry S. Golubev and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 61–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.7

• -correlated non-local shot noise in the presence of a temperature gradient. We suggest that applying a temperature gradient may serve as an extra tool to control the phenomenon of Cooper pair splitting. Keywords: Cooper pair splitting; entanglement; quantum shot noise; superconducting hybrid nanostructures

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• molecular chain entanglement and, hence, the residue level. (ii) The sole presence of short polymer chains should, however, weaken the mechanical strength of the spin-coated layer. Therefore, the addition of PMMA-550k compensates for that and grants support during the transfer. B2 was tested in the transfer

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• composition, porosity, average size, distribution, individual nanofiber orientation, interaction between nanofibers, and arrangement and entanglement of the nanofibers [27][28][29]. When the mechanical properties of PLA nanofibers containing different amounts of drug were examined, the increase in the amount

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• different physicochemical properties of the solvents, such as the electrical conductivity, inherent viscosity of the polymers, and the difference of solubility parameters of the solvent and the polymer [36]. Moreover, they have reported that entanglement concentrations of the polymers varied significantly

• tension may assist in maintaining the spinning jet as temperature rises, while the spinnability improves with quicker drying of the polymer jet and the resultant higher chain entanglement as the solvent evaporates more quickly. At higher temperatures, the rapid drying of the jet, before even being

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• ]. A very strong coupling regime is usually described starting from the infinite coupling solution and then performing perturbation expansion in terms of 1/λ [69]. Analogous unitary transformations decoupling the entanglement of electrons and phonons in TQD systems have the same form, but again without

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• spin–photon interfaces for remote spin–photon entanglement with available nuclear spins as ancilla qubits for quantum memory [11][12]. These include the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond [13], the silicon-vacancy center in diamond [14][15][16], the germanium-vacancy center in diamond [17], the

• indistinguishability. Photon indistinguishability is relevant for optical quantum technologies to implement two-photon quantum gates or to engineer entangled gates. Quantum entanglement is essential in quantum algorithms or quantum repeaters for long-distance quantum communication. Two-photon entanglement can be

• engineered using the quantum interference of two SP wave-packets. Similarly, for solid-state quantum computation architecture and related quantum networks [64], where quantum gates are achieved via electron spins while quantum memory is based on ancillary nuclear spins, spin–photon entanglement distribution

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• scaffold embedded with Ru(bpy)32+-conjugated silica nanoparticles. The DNA tetrahedron geometry acted as a capture DNA that repelled the nonspecific DNA entanglement along the ECL platform and stimulated the hybridization of glucose oxidase (GOD) enzyme-conjugated DNA (GOD-S). In a programmable cyclic

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• -transform-limited linewidths, allowing for the exploitation of the spin selectivity of the optical transitions for spin–photon entanglement [33]. In addition to millisecond-long spin coherence times originating from the high-purity crystal, high-fidelity optical initialization and coherent spin control

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• of these latest advances and their focus. An important challenge for improving NV magnetometry is the control of the NV center origin at desired locations in the diamond. The formation of closely spaced NVs to achieve spin-entanglement by direct magnetic dipolar coupling is also a quest for quantum

Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic electronic devices

• Marwa Mokni,
• Gianluigi Maggioni,
• Abdelkader Kahouli,
• Sara M. Carturan,
• Walter Raniero and
• Alain Sylvestre

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 428–441, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.42

• -dependence of the dielectric constant ε’. Using Figure 6b, we can clearly see that the presence of AgOx nanoparticles induces a weaker Δεnormalized (38 ± 5%) than in the samples without nanoparticles (60% for sample K and 70% for sample O). This reflects that AgOx nanoparticles generate chain entanglement or

Spatial Rabi oscillations between Majorana bound states and quantum dots

• Jun-Hui Zheng,
• Dao-Xin Yao and
• Zhi Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1527–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.143

• islands Now we investigate the setup with two quantum dots on the two sides of a nanowire island, as shown in Figure 3. In this setup, nonlocal entanglement between quantum dots mediated by Majorana bound states has been discussed [28]. It seems logical to consider how this nonlocal entanglement

• line that represents the resonant Rabi driving energy at ω1 + ω2 = ε1 + ε2. This resonant energy involves both quantum dots, and therefore would be coming from the nonlocal entanglement of the quantum dots. We present a typical Rabi oscillation in Figure 4d. It is the higher-order oscillations between

Noise in NC-AFM measurements with significant tip–sample interaction

• Jannis Lübbe,
• Matthias Temmen,
• Philipp Rahe and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1885–1904, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.181

• approximation is fully justified. Schematic representation of functional elements of an NC-AFM described by transfer functions Hy. Quantities DX denote noise power spectral densities of the signal X. Symbols “+” and “×” denote entry points of noise and entanglement of signals, respectively. Model for signal and

Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• leads to very large T2 times [11] which is required for quantum information storage as well as for conserving the entanglement with high fidelity [12]. Therefore, an important requirement for realizing quantum optical applications with single NV centres is not only an active charge state control but

• an NV− centre can be used for initialising, manipulating and processing of quantum information as well as entanglement of its spin state with other NVs as quantum bits. The nuclear spin of a 13C atom can be used for storage of quantum information with a long lifetime. In order to achieve a long

Phenalenyl-based mononuclear dysprosium complexes

• Yanhua Lan,
• Andrea Magri,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.92

• earnest attention in searching new SMMs with enhanced properties has led to the preparation of mononuclear lanthanide complexes. Indeed the mononuclear lanthanide complexes could allow for the study of controlled entanglement of spins on neighboring spin carriers [7], because there is no decoherence of

Nanoscale rippling on polymer surfaces induced by AFM manipulation

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Franco Dinelli and
• Pasqualantonio Pingue

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2278–2289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.234

• homopolymers. In Figure 6 we show the case of films obtained from blending two PS solutions with Mw of 8 and 164 kDa in various proportions [31]. The Mw values were chosen to be above and below Mc for molecular entanglement. For the two extreme cases, wear patterns are equal to those shown in Figure 3. Other

Molecular materials – towards quantum properties

• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1485–1486, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.153

• bits (qubits). The used quantum correlations (e.g., entanglement, coherence) are usually observed only on the nanometer scale and have long been recognized as an information resource for quantum communication and processing. In particular, there is a considerable motivation to produce quantum computers

Non-covalent and reversible functionalization of carbon nanotubes

• Antonello Di Crescenzo,
• Valeria Ettorre and
• Antonella Fontana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1675–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.178

• scarcely soluble in most organic solvents due to the high molecular weight and their tendency to entangle and form 3D networks through persistent van der Waals interactions. Therefore, for CNTs applications, the prime aim is to promote CNTs entanglement by energetic agitation. Generally, agitation is

Scale effects of nanomechanical properties and deformation behavior of Au nanoparticle and thin film using depth sensing nanoindentation

• Dave Maharaj and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 822–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.94

• (right) compared to the macroscale (left), resulting in a greater number of dislocations per unit area or density (ρ). This entanglement of dislocations impedes the formation and motion of new dislocations and multiplication of existing dislocations necessary to accommodate strain gradient and subsequent