Fabrication of phase masks from amorphous carbon thin films for electron-beam shaping

• Lukas Grünewald,
• Dagmar Gerthsen and
• Simon Hettler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1290–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.128

• top to protect the structure during TEM lamella fabrication. We stabilized the free-standing thin films for the lamella preparation by filling the pyramid-shaped trenches with glue. (d) The scheme presents a possible explanation for fast hole formation towards the end of the pattern milling process

Angle-dependent structural colors in a nanoscale-grating photonic crystal fabricated by reverse nanoimprint technology

• Xu Zheng,
• Qing Wang,
• Jinjin Luan,
• Yao Li,
• Ning Wang and
• Rui Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1211–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.120

• solution was firstly poured onto the PC mould after degassing; (2) the PDMS film was fabricated through spin-coating at a speed of 500 rpm; (3) the photonic crystal was fabricated by reverse imprinting with the parameters of 0.5 MPa and 80 °C for 4 h to complete filling and cross-linking; (4) the photonic

Revisiting semicontinuous silver films as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates

• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Małgorzata Norek,
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz and
• Piotr Nyga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1048–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.105

• thicknesses of semicontinuous Ag films and estimated values of metal filling factors. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the LIDER/23/22/L-3/11/NCBR/2012 grant funded by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development. This work was performed in the frame of the European Cooperation in

Electronic and magnetic properties of doped black phosphorene with concentration dependence

• Ke Wang,
• Hai Wang,
• Min Zhang,
• Yan Liu and
• Wei Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 993–1001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.100

• experimentally demonstrated that substitutional doping of TMDs could be achieved by filling the vacancies observed in CVD-grown monolayer TMDs [18]. Liu et al. [19] prepared epitaxial copper-doped ZnO films and observed that the substitution of Cu for Zn and the presence of strong Cu–Zn–O bonds are necessary for

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• ]. Therefore, the adsorptive volume contains both information about pore filling and the formation of multilayers or swelling. The porosity (P) in the layers is calculated from the isotherm when all the pores accessible to the probe molecules have been filled. Using the Lorentz–Lorenz equation, P can be

• vapor. The example is reported for the layer deposited with 1 s plasma exposure time and annealed at 400 °C. In the adsorption branch, two water uptake stages in the formed porosity were identified at 20% and 60% relative humidity. In the literature, these uptakes were attributed to filling of

The effect of translation on the binding energy for transition-metal porphyrines adsorbed on Ag(111) surface

• Luiza Buimaga-Iarinca and
• Cristian Morari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 706–717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.70

• exception. For FePP we obtain a magnetic moment of 4μB in the isolated molecule, while the adsorbed molecule has a magnetic moment of 1.69μB. The magnetic moments for different TMPP molecules are separated by approximately 1μB as a consequence of the gradual filling of the 3d orbitals. The largest magnetic

Commercial polycarbonate track-etched membranes as substrates for low-cost optical sensors

• Paula Martínez-Pérez and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 677–683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.67

• substance filling the pores, measured spectral positions for them during the experiment and calculated sensitivity values. Acknowledgements This research was funded by the Spanish Government through grant TEC2015-63838-C3-1-R-OPTONANOSENS and the Universitat Politècnica de València through grants PAID-01

Coexisting spin and Rabi oscillations at intermediate time regimes in electron transport through a photon cavity

• Vidar Gudmundsson,
• Hallmann Gestsson,
• Nzar Rauf Abdullah,
• Chi-Shung Tang,
• Andrei Manolescu and
• Valeriu Moldoveanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 606–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.61

• vanishes because, on one hand, the cavity is lossy with κ = 1.0 × 10−5 meV, and on the other hand, the filling of the single-electron ground state prevents further radiative transitions. We focus our attention on this intermediate regime, and for a part of it we show the mean photon number and the z

Direct observation of the CVD growth of monolayer MoS₂ using in situ optical spectroscopy

• Claudia Beatriz López-Posadas,
• Yaxu Wei,
• Wanfu Shen,
• Daniel Kahr,
• Michael Hohage and
• Lidong Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 557–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.57

• before filling with Ar gas and the pressure of Ar was maintained at 0.1 Torr until the end of the process. An horizontal tube furnace with a single heating zone and a heating belt were applied as heating elements for the substrate, MoO3 and sulfur, respectively. To establish the temperature distribution

Transport signatures of an Andreev molecule in a quantum dot–superconductor–quantum dot setup

• Zoltán Scherübl,
• András Pályi and
• Szabolcs Csonka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 363–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.36

• QDR. CAR splits a Cooper pair by filling both QDs with one electron with opposite spins. EC transfers an electron from one QD to the other via a virtual intermediate quasiparticle state in SC. IT transfers an electron from one QD to the other without any interaction with SC. Phase diagram and related

Removal of toxic heavy metals from river water samples using a porous silica surface modified with a new β-ketoenolic host

• Said Tighadouini,
• Smaail Radi,
• Abderrahman Elidrissi,
• Khadija Haboubi,
• Maryse Bacquet,
• Stéphanie Degoutin,
• Mustapha Zaghrioui and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 262–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.25

• , respectively, demonstrate the modification of SiNH2 with L1. Compared to the blank silica, the surface of the new material (SiNL) shown by SEM (Figure 2) became rough, which confirms the success of organic moieties filling the surface. The thermal stability of SiG, SiNH2 and SiNL was evaluated by TGA (Figure 3

pH-mediated control over the mesostructure of ordered mesoporous materials templated by polyion complex micelles

• Emilie Molina,
• Mélody Mathonnat,
• Jason Richard,
• Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes,
• Martin In,
• Philippe Dieudonné,
• Thomas Cacciaguerra,
• Corine Gérardin and
• Nathalie Marcotte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.14

• was observed for materials synthesized at pH 6.9 (Table S1a and Figure S2 in Supporting Information File 1). This is in accordance with the loss of long range-ordered hexagonal structure, as observed in TEM images. In the sorption isotherms, the sharp adsorption step assigned to mesopore filling in

Sputtering of silicon nanopowders by an argon cluster ion beam

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Zhenguo Wang,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Sergey Belykh,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 135–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.13

• the nanoparticles are filled by debris, which due to the limited lateral resolution cannot be observed. Such filling of the voids results in densification of the top surface layer. Therefore, as the number of contacts between neighbor nanoparticles increases, consequently, we can expect the weakening

Graphene–graphite hybrid epoxy composites with controllable workability for thermal management

• Idan Levy,
• Eyal Merary Wormser,
• Maxim Varenik,
• Matat Buzaglo,
• Roey Nadiv and
• Oren Regev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 95–104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.9

• . Thermal conductivity and rheology of hybrid composites We explored the thermal conductivity and rheology of hybrid composites in which two fillers, namely, graphite and GNP, were loaded into the epoxy matrix. We found that the hybrid filling approach makes it possible to enhance the TC value while

Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness

• Peter van Assenbergh,
• Marike Fokker,
• Julian Langowski,
• Jan van Esch,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Dimitra Dodou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 79–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.8

• use the storage moduli G’ as measured at an angular velocity of 0.1 rad/s, since the pull-off and friction measurements are done at similar velocities. Fabrication and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) substrates Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) substrates were fabricated by filling 3D-printed molds

Colloidal chemistry with patchy silica nanoparticles

• Pierre-Etienne Rouet,
• Cyril Chomette,
• Laurent Adumeau,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2989–2998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.278

• with four aminated dimples in a number of dimples/number of satellites ratio equal to 1/400 in order to maximize the filling of the dimples (the bold face of the number means that it concerns the number of dimples, knowing that the number of particles is this number divided by the valency of the

Polarization-dependent strong coupling between silver nanorods and photochromic molecules

• Gwénaëlle Lamri,
• Alessandro Veltri,
• Jean Aubard,
• Pierre-Michel Adam,
• Nordin Felidj and
• Anne-Laure Baudrion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2657–2664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.247

• lithography to fabricate large arrays of silver nanorods on a glass substrate. The pitch of the arrays has been varied to keep the filling factor approximately equal to 10% and to avoid any lattice mode contribution in the optical spectra. For three different nanorod widths (70, 90 and 110 nm), the nanorod

Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotubes

• Jesús A. Díaz-Real,
• Geyla C. Dubed-Bandomo,
• Juan Galindo-de-la-Rosa,
• Luis G. Arriaga,
• Janet Ledesma-García and
• Nicolas Alonso-Vante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2628–2643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.244

• electrode with ta = 4 h, the spikes are significantly reduced even at smaller electrode potentials, which can be attributed to a possible faster filling of such energy states induced by the F or N atoms at the surface of the TNT. When the irradiation is interrupted, a fast decay of the photocurrent was

• values of jph for longer nanotubes. Along with an increase in the current density for the accumulation region, the percolation of the electrolyte in the nanostructures was confirmed. The kinetics of the filling of trap states and the decay of the jph became sluggish when the length of the nanotubes

ZnO-nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor: Effect of nanostructure morphology on the sensing of heavy metal ions

• Marina Krasovska,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Irena Mihailova,
• Andrejs Ogurcovs,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Andrejs Gerbreders and
• Pavels Sarajevs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2421–2431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.227

• valid [6][7][27]. This is evidenced by lower sensor sensitivity to changes in concentrations of Cd(NO3)2: the saturation occurs by filling all possible free bonds at low concentrations (which leads to the formation of monolayers; as a result, subsequent layers are not formed due to weak bonds. Figure 5d

Adhesive contact of rough brushes

• Qiang Li and
• Valentin L. Popov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2405–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.225

• ]. Modeling Model description and main governing parameters We consider a square brush – a rigid body consisting of a large number of cylindrical pillars filling a square area of A0 = L × L in contact with an elastic half-space with an example shown in Figure 1. All pillars had the same radius, α = 0.01L. The

• in compression and pull-off contact: (a) load–distance relation; (b) load–contact area relation. Parameters used in this simulation were: Number of pillars: 1000, filling factor: ρ = 0.3, normalized roughness: l / dcrit = 0.42. (a) also provides the exact definition of the preliminary compression

Two-dimensional photonic crystals increasing vertical light emission from Si nanocrystal-rich thin layers

• Lukáš Ondič,
• Marian Varga,
• Ivan Pelant,
• Alexander Kromka,
• Karel Hruška and
• Robert G. Elliman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2287–2296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.213

• Figure S1 (Supporting Information File 1). Diameter of the columns varies between 220 and 270 nm depending on the etching time. Parameters of the samples with their filling factors (FF) are summarized in Figure 1g. Optical measurements A custom-built automatized setup was used for the measurements of

• and stay within a relatively narrow range of about 7 to 10. This follows from the fact that (i) the filling factors of these samples are comparable to each other (see Figure 1g), and (ii) the PhC structures are relatively shallow and therefore the spatial overlap of the leaky modes with the SiNCs

• , the peak enhancement factors obtained for the PhCs with square lattice symmetry are higher than those measured for the hexagonal symmetry PhCs, which contradicts the theoretical prediction mentioned above. The reason for this is the much lower filling factor of the samples with hexagonal symmetry

Filling nanopipettes with apertures smaller than 50 nm: dynamic microdistillation

• Evelyne Salançon and
• Bernard Tinland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2181–2187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.204

• completely filled using this new technique. The nanopipettes are first filled with pure water, which is later replaced with the desired electrolyte via electromigration. Electrical measurements are used to check that filling is complete. Keywords: current rectification; distillation; filling; nanopipette

• -to-obtain small-hole nanopipettes. Electrical characterizations depend on the complete filling of nanopipettes, which means no gas bubbles inside, to ensure good conductivity. The capacity to fill all types of nanopipettes, including small-hole nanopipettes (<10 nm), bent nanopipettes, with both

• probably also the surface roughness. Moreover, the very small aperture range, our particular focus, was not explored in this work. When high back-pressure is applied to the filling fluid, we showed in a previous article that the fluid meniscus follows an air-flow Poiseuille law [14] enabling the size of

Self-assembled quasi-hexagonal arrays of gold nanoparticles with small gaps for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Emre Gürdal,
• Simon Dickreuter,
• Fatima Noureddine,
• Pascal Bieschke,
• Dieter P. Kern and
• Monika Fleischer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1977–1985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.188

• Raman laser. To approximately correct for the different amounts of molecules on the different samples one can use the filling factor (area coverage) of the samples: A threshold was applied to the SEM images, and the white pixels representing the presence of gold were counted. The filling factor was then

• then divided by this filling factor, which results in filling factor-corrected intensities. The resulting filling factors and corrected Raman intensities (denoted as “corrected”) are shown in Table 2, while the raw background-corrected Raman intensities as measured are visualized in Figure 5. By

• Raman intensities are corrected for the filling factor as explained above, the difference between the samples becomes smaller, but still the larger particles show an increased Raman signal, particularly for the peak at 1085 cm−1. Figure 6 shows a comparison of the corrected Raman intensities for the

SO₂ gas adsorption on carbon nanomaterials: a comparative study

• Deepu J. Babu,
• Divya Puthusseri,
• Frank G. Kühl,
• Sherif Okeil,
• Michael Bruns,
• Manfred Hampe and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1782–1792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.169

• already known that depending upon the diameter and the intertube distance, the filling of a particular adsorption site can lead to either a decrease or an increase in the heat of adsorption with loading [46]. A conclusive answer, however, requires further detailed studies in this direction. Conclusion In

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• , respectively. The orientation of the LC after filling the cells was checked using an optical polarization microscope. To obtain the absorption spectra we have used a UV-3600 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan). To study the QD luminescence a confocal laser scanning microscope LSM 710 (Cаrl Zeiss, Germany) with

• . Figure 3 shows confocal microscopy images of QDs and their aggregates in the active (a, b, c) and the passive (d, e) LC matrix. We have obtained the images in Figure 3a,d after filling the LC cells without the application of an electric field. The images in Figure 3b,e correspond to the maximal PL of QDs